This link has been bookmarked by 247 people and liked by 1 people. It was first bookmarked on 21 Jul 2006, by Marian Douglas-Ungaro.
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02 Dec 15
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the differences between the various techniques lie in what they say about the subjects, rather than in what they say about the objects.
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there is a difference between describing the objects being classified and describing the subjects used to classify them.
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3.2. Taxonomies
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The task of an information architect is to create web sites where users can actually find the information they are looking for.
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Metadata is generally defined as "data about data,"
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"information about objects"
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Dublin Core
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hat standard metadata mostly provides administrative information, and that it says very little about the subject of an object.
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related problem is that making metadata describe the subject precisely may also be difficult.
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authors have been required to define their own keywords, which means that the choice of keywords can be quite eclectic.
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To conclude: the most useful metadata about a document is the keywords, since that is the only thing that explicitly describes what the document is about. The other metadata are useful in managing the documents and in helping the user decide which of their search hits they want to look more closely at.
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here is a difference between describing the objects being classified and describing the subjects used to classify them.
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"controlled vocabulary"
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"metadata vocabulary"
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a set of properties of objects.
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a set of indexing terms, or subjects used for classification
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The benefit of this approach is that it allows related terms to be grouped together and categorized in ways that make it easier to find the correct term to use whether for searching or to describe an object.
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faceted classification could be seen as simply a very disciplined way to construct a thesaurus as well as to use it for classification purposes.
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model for describing the world that consists of a set of types, properties, and relationship types.
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he broader/narrower relationship used to build the hierarchy.
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aceted classification does not introduce any new properties or relationships, though it could be said to have a new type: facet. It could be described as simply requiring the creator of the indexing language to create a set of facets and then fill each with a thesaurus that does not overlap with the others
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With ontologies the creator of the subject description language is allowed to define the language at will.
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23 Nov 13
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21 Nov 13
G. D. Roy
To be faced with a document collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information Architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version of this problem: how to organize web sites so that users actually can find what they are looking for.
Information architects have so far applied known and well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool for information architects. This raises the question of how topic maps compare with the traditional solutions, and that is the question this paper attempts to address.
The paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that it provides a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval.metadata taxonomy classification ontology topicmaps thesaurus
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In short, thesauri provide a much richer vocabulary for describing the terms than taxonomies do, and so are much more powerful tools. As can be seen, using a thesaurus instead of a taxonomy would solve several practical problems in classifying objects and also in searching for them.
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Information architecture involves many different aspects of web site creation and organization, but its principal tools are information organization techniques developed in other disciplines. Most of these techniques come from library science, such as thesauri, taxonomies, and faceted classification.
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Metadata is generally defined as "data about data,"
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in content management and information architecture, metadata generally means "information about objects" ("objects" here used as defined above), that is, information about a document, an image, a reusable content module, and so on
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violet ladyragnellGarshol, L.M. (2004). Metadata? Thesauri? Taxonomies? Topic maps! : making sense of it all. Journal of Information Science, Vol. 30 (4), 378-391. [Digital edition retrieved May 15, 2012, from:
semanticweb metadata taxonomy topicmaps thesaurus ontology S1B
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22 Dec 11
Hans Fredrik NordhaugPaper by Lars Marius Garshol published in Journal of Information Science August 2004 vol. 30 no. 4 (p 378-391).
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28 Sep 11
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Sebastien WiertzA nice and informative page !
metadata Taxonomy thesauri Topics_Map topicmaps ontology classification thesaurus ia
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01 Jun 11
arjanvdputTo be faced with a document collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information Architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version of this problem: how to organize web sites so that users actually can find what they are looking for.
Information architects have so far applied known and well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool for information architects. This raises the question of how topic maps compare with the traditional solutions, and that is the question this paper attempts to address.
The paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that it provides a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval.topicmap semanticweb metadata classification thesaurus ontology taxonomy topicmaps
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Paul CourtneyThe paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that it provides a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval.
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It is generally assumed when organizing information that it consists of discrete pieces, though the terms used for these vary. The pieces are sometimes referred to as "documents", at other times as "objects". We will use the term object here for the entities being organized, as it does not seem appropriate to assume that they will all be documents in the traditional sense of the word.
Metadata is generally defined as "data about data," which is of course a very broad definition. In computer science this is generally taken to mean information about a set of data in a particular representation, which typically means schema information, administrative information, and so on. However, in content management and information architecture, metadata generally means "information about objects" ("objects" here used as defined above), that is, information about a document, an image, a reusable content module, and so on. Since it is the management of content we are primarily concerned with here, this is the definition we will use throughout this paper.
The best-known vocabulary for metadata is Dublin Core [ DC ] , which is a set of 13 properties that may be applied to information resources to describe them. These properties contain information such as "title", "creator", "subject", "description", "publisher", "date", "language", etc. The Dublin Core specification defines the meaning of each property, but is silent on how to represent both the properties and their values, and is thus independent of any particular technology. Dublin Core was intended to aid "resource discovery", that is, it was meant to support information retrieval. However, it's now commonly agreed that the metadata is as useful for the management of content as it is for the discovery of it after publication, and so metadata in practice tends to be used for both purposes.In general, metadata is best understood as "any statement about an information resource", regardless of what it is being used for, which metadata vocabulary is being used, and how the metadata is represented. In this paper we will focus on the use of metadata as a finding aid, and ignore the other uses to which it may legitimately be put.
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The best-known vocabulary for metadata is Dublin Core [DC], which is a set of 13 properties that may be applied to information resources to describe them. These properties contain information such as "title", "creator", "subject", "description", "publisher", "date", "language", etc. The Dublin Core specification defines the meaning of each property, but is silent on how to represent both the properties and their values, and is thus independent of any particular technology. Dublin Core was intended to aid "resource discovery", that is, it was meant to support information retrieval. However, it's now commonly agreed that the metadata is as useful for the management of content as it is for the discovery of it after publication, and so metadata in practice tends to be used for both purposes.
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(A metadata structure as simple as Dublin Core does not allow a "most relevant" ranking.)
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To conclude: the most useful metadata about a document is the keywords, since that is the only thing that explicitly describes what the document is about. The other metadata are useful in managing the documents and in helping the user decide which of their search hits they want to look more closely at.
The other conclusion to be drawn from this analysis is that having keywords be just a simple text field with no restrictions is not going to work very well.
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Subject-based classification is any form of content classification that groups objects by the subjects they are about
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The relation between subject-based classification and metadata is that metadata properties or fields that directly describe what the objects are about by listing discrete subjects use a subject-based classification. This basic feature is common to all subject-based classifications, and as we will see the differences between the various techniques lie in what they say about the subjects, rather than in what they say about the objects.
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Note that the taxonomy helps users by describing the subjects; from the point of view of metadata there is really no difference between a simple controlled vocabulary and a taxonomy
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Thesauri basically take taxonomies as described above and extend them to make them better able to describe the world by not only allowing subjects to be arranged in a hierarchy, but also allowing other statements to be made about the subjects.
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In short, thesauri provide a much richer vocabulary for describing the terms than taxonomies do, and so are much more powerful tools. As can be seen, using a thesaurus instead of a taxonomy would solve several practical problems in classifying objects and also in searching for them.
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30 Nov 10
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13 Sep 10
Tony Sutherlandocument collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information Architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version of this problem: how
metadata thesauri thesaurus topics maps knowledge information management
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04 May 09
johannes kannesGuter Grundlagen Artikel über Metadaten, ihre Repräsentation in Taxonomien sowie Ontologien und die Vorteile von Topic Maps.
Thesaurus p:noworries ontology metadata definition taxonomy 2004 classification papers delicious-import
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paulocoimbraTutorial para fazer um efeito de perfil (com o trabalho de luz muito bem feito) sob o Sol (capa do 007 - Quantun of Solace). Bem bacana. Boa referência de blog.
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13 Feb 09
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30 Jan 09
catherine bellinoTrès bon article de présentation de ces notions
thesaurus taxonomy ontology topic_map classification definition reference
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africangirlTo be faced with a document collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information Architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version
taxonomien topic_maps metadaten thesauri ontologien klassifikation delicious
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what kind of information about the objects would help the user the most?
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Metadata describes objects, and one of the ways in which it does that is by connecting objects to the subjects they are about. We will return to this idea below.
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a closed list of named subjects, which can be used for classification
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The purpose of controlling vocabulary is to avoid authors defining meaningless terms, terms which are too broad, or terms which are too narrow, and to prevent different authors from misspelling and choosing slightly different forms of the same term
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a subject-based classification that arranges the terms in the controlled vocabulary into a hierarchy without doing anything further, though in real life you will find the term "taxonomy" applied to more complex structures as well.
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Thesauri basically take taxonomies as described above and extend them to make them better able to describe the world by not only allowing subjects to be arranged in a hierarchy, but also allowing other statements to be made about the subjects.
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In a taxonomy the means for subject description consist of essentially one relationship: the broader/narrower relationship used to build the hierarchy. T
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closed, since this is the entire vocabulary at disposal for describing the terms.
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Categories are just terms in a subject-based classification, that is, a controlled vocabulary. The categories can be a plain list, or they can be arranged in a taxonomy. That's really all there is to it.
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What this means is that a thesaurus includes not just a taxonomy, but also an authority file.
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Topic maps originated in work on the merging of electronic indexes and so are very much a subject-based classification technique.
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02 Jun 08
Richard ClaassensLars Marius Garshol
o be faced with a document collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information Architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version of this problem: how to organize web sites so that users actually can find what they are looking for.\n\nInformation architects have so far applied known and well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool for information architects. This raises the question of how topic maps compare with the traditional solutions, and that is the question this paper attempts to address.\n\nThe paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that it provides a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval.\n\n -
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S. DalbMetadata? Thesauri? Taxonomies? Topic Maps!
taxonomie(sujet) ontologie(sujet) topicmap(sujet) article(type_of_object) delicious vocabulaire-controle(sujet) thésaurus(sujet)
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21 Mar 08
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20 Mar 08
Andre MalheiroInformation architects have so far applied well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool. This raises the question of how topic maps compare with the traditional solutions.
temp:readinglist information architecture topic maps onthology taxomony thesaurus metadata
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13 Feb 08
Veronika Smith"The paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that it provides a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval."
classification design facet facets information library metadata thesaurus thesauri controlled-vocabulary architecture IA
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13 Dec 07
remi levyvoir aussi :http://www.boxesandarrows.com/view/developing_and_creatively_leveraging_hierarchical_metadata_and_taxonomy
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10 Dec 07
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13 Nov 07
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in content management and information architecture, metadata generally means "information about objects" ("objects" here used as defined above), that is, information about a document, an image, a reusable content module, and so on.
-
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it's now commonly agreed that the metadata is as useful for the management of content as it is for the discovery of it after publication, and so metadata in practice tends to be used for both purposes.
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metadata is best understood as "any statement about an information resource",
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The title of the document usually offers good clues as to what the document is about, but it does not necessarily mention all names of all subjects the user is interested in, and it may also presuppose knowledge the user does not actually possess.
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This field is likely to describe what the document is about, but again may not facilitate search and discovery very effectively, for the same reasons that the "title" field may fail to do so.
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02 Nov 07
Johann RichardInformation architects have so far applied known and well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool for information architects.
***** architecture articles article books cms classification metadata taxonomy topicmaps ontology thesaurus ia thesauri
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24 Oct 07
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