This link has been bookmarked by 177 people . It was first bookmarked on 02 Mar 2006, by ROHITHA DASSANAYAKE.
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03 Sep 15
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18 Jan 13
iridiummrdAnd for anyone wanting to know what #openaccess is really all about, Peter Suber's excellent overview: http://t.co/sYfMmN7e
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04 Dec 12
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31 Oct 12
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14 Oct 12
Jessica FranceOpen Access OA definition and overview
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17 Aug 12
Keith Van CleaveAn introduction and overview for open access.
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07 Aug 12
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08 May 12
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- There are two primary vehicles for delivering OA to research articles, OA journals ("gold OA") and OA repositories ("green OA").
- The chief difference between them is that OA journals conduct peer review and OA repositories do not.
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"dark deposits"
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authors who fail to take advantage of the opportunity are actually a greater obstacle to OA than publishers who fail to offer the opportunity
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12 Apr 12
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permission barriers
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price barriers
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free availability and unrestricted use
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The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited
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05 Apr 12
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29 Mar 12
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21 Mar 12
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Obviously no one writes royalty-free literature for money. Scholars write journal articles because advancing knowledge in their fields advances their careers. They write for impact, not for money. It takes nothing away from a disinterested desire to advance knowledge to note that it is accompanied by a strong self-interest in career-building. OA does not depend on altruistic volunteerism.
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Royalty-free literature is the low-hanging fruit of OA, but OA needn't be limited to royalty-free literature. OA to royalty-producing literature, like monographs, textbooks, and novels, is possible as soon as the authors consent. But because these authors often fear the loss of revenue, their consent is more difficult to obtain. They have to be persuaded either (1) that the benefits of OA exceed the value of their royalties, or (2) that OA will trigger a net increase in sales. However, there is growing evidence that both conditions are met for most research monographs.
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Nor need OA even be limited to literature. It can apply to any digital content, from raw and semi-raw data to images, audio, video, multi-media, and software. It can apply to works that are born digital or to older works, like public-domain literature and cultural-heritage objects, digitized later in life.
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The argument for public access to publicly funded research is strong, and a growing number of countries require OA to publicly-funded research.
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The question is not whether scholarly literature can be made costless, but whether there are better ways to pay the bills than by charging readers and creating access barriers.
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The costs of producing OA literature, the savings over conventionally published literature, and the business models for recovering the costs, depend on whether the literature is delivered through OA journals or OA repositories.
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At some OA journals, priced add-ons provide part of the revenue needed to pay for OA.
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OA journals can use traditional forms of peer review or they can use innovative new forms that take advantage of the new medium and the interactive network joining scholars to one another. However, removing access barriers and reforming peer review are independent projects. OA is compatible with every kind of peer review and doesn't presuppose any particular model.
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- The reverse is not true, however. Some emerging models of peer review presuppose OA, for example models of "open review" in which submitted manuscripts are made OA (before or after some in-house review) and then reviewed by the research community.
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Despite the fact that those exercising editorial judgment usually donate their labor, performing peer review still has costs --distributing files to referees, monitoring who has what, tracking progress, nagging dawdlers, collecting comments and sharing them with the right people, facilitating communication, distinguishing versions, collecting data, and so on. Increasingly these non-editorial tasks are being automated by software, including free and open-source software.
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- There are two primary vehicles for delivering OA to research articles, OA journals ("gold OA") and OA repositories ("green OA").
- The chief difference between them is that OA journals conduct peer review and OA repositories do not. This difference explains many of the other differences between them, especially the costs of launching and operating them.
- There are other OA vehicles on which I won't focus here, such as personal web sites, ebooks, discussion forums, email lists, blogs, wikis, videos, audio files, RSS feeds, and P2P file-sharing networks. There will undoubtedly be many more in the future.
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- The purpose of the campaign for OA is the constructive one of providing OA to a larger and larger body of literature, not the destructive one of putting non-OA journals or publishers out of business. The consequences may or may not overlap (this is contingent) but the purposes do not overlap.
- Even though journal prices have risen four times faster than inflation since the mid-1980's, the purpose of OA is not to punish or undermine expensive journals, but to provide an accessible alternative and take full advantage of new technology —the internet— for widening distribution and reducing costs. Moreover, for researchers themselves, the overriding motivation is not to solve the journal pricing crisis but to deliver wider and easier access for readers and larger audience and impact for authors.
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Some some oppose gold but not green OA, while others oppose green but not gold OA. OA gains nothing and loses potential allies by blurring these distinctions.
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08 Feb 12
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27 Jan 12
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23 Jan 12
Victoria CPeter Suber's notes on OA including info on copyright and licensing.
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- Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.
- OA removes price barriers (subscriptions, licensing fees, pay-per-view fees) and permission barriers (most copyright and licensing restrictions). The PLoS shorthand definition —"free availability and unrestricted use"— succinctly captures both elements.
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There is some flexibility about which permission barriers to remove. For example, some OA providers permit commercial re-use and some do not. Some permit derivative works and some do not. But all of the major public definitions of OA agree that merely removing price barriers, or limiting permissible uses to "fair use" ("fair dealing" in the UK), is not enough.
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The legal basis of OA is the consent of the copyright holder (for newer literature) or the expiration of copyright (for older literature).
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- Because OA uses copyright-holder consent or the expiration of copyright, it does not require the reform, abolition, or infringement of copyright law.
- One easy, effective, and increasingly common way for copyright holders to manifest their consent to OA is to use one of the Creative Commons licenses. Many other open-content licenses will also work. Copyright holders could also compose their own licenses or permission statements and attach them to their works (though there are good reasons not to do so without legal advice).
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When copyright holders consent to OA, what are they consenting to? Usually they consent in advance to the unrestricted reading, downloading, copying, sharing, storing, printing, searching, linking, and crawling of the full-text of the work.
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OA is not a kind of license. There are many licenses compatible with OA, i.e. many ways to remove permission barriers for users and let them know what they may and may not do with the content. See the sections on permission barriers and licenses above.
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11 Dec 11
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06 Dec 11
Tony Hunt"Open Access Overview
Focusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints
This is an introduction to open access (OA) for those who are new to the concept"openaccess open access publishing copyright library research
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24 Nov 11
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01 Nov 11
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27 Oct 11
Library LSHTMFocusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints. Useful list of further reading.
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25 Oct 11
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OA removes price barriers (subscriptions, licensing fees, pay-per-view fees) and permission barriers (most copyright and licensing restrictions). The
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give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited."
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e bills are not paid by readers and hence do not function as access barriers
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Because OA uses copyright-holder consent or the expiration of copyright, it does not require the reform, abolition, or infringement of copyright law.
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block commercial re-use of the work
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hese conditions block plagiarism, misrepresentation, and sometimes commercial re-use, and authorize all the uses required by legitimate scholarship, including those required by the technologies that facilitate online scholarly research.
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focuses on literature that authors give to the world without expectation of payment.
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royalty-free literature
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body of peer-reviewed scientific and scholarly research articles and their preprints. (Non-academics are often surprised to learn that scholarly journals generally do not pay authors for their articles.
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Scholars write journal articles because advancing knowledge in their fields advances their careers. They write for impact, not for money.
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ntroversies about OA to music, movies, and other royalty-producing content, therefore, do not carry over to research articles
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The argument for public access to publicly funded research is strong, and a growing number of countries require OA to publicly-funded research.
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OA literature is not free to produce or publish.
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We mean free for readers, not free for producers
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Open access is not synonymous with universal access.
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- Filtering and censorship barriers. Many schools, employers, and governments want to limit what you can see.
- Language barriers. Most online literature is in English, or just one language, and machine translation is very weak.
- Handicap access barriers. Most web sites are not yet as accessible to handicapped users as they should be.
- Connectivity barriers. The digital divide keeps billions of people, including millions of serious scholars, offline.
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10 Oct 11
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28 Sep 11
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09 Aug 11
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01 Aug 11
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26 Jul 11
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10 Jul 11
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Open Access Overview Focusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints
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06 Jul 11
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10 May 11
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02 May 11
Jackie WernerA useful overview of what open access is and how it's used, including many links to further reading.
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14 Oct 10
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"free availability and unrestricted use"
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some OA providers permit commercial re-use and some do not
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Some permit derivative works and some do not
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Here's how the Budapest Open Access Initiative put it: "There are many degrees and kinds of wider and easier access to this literature. By 'open access' to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited."
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he legal basis of OA is the consent of the copyright holder (for newer literature) or the expiration of copyright (for older literature).
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- For works not in the public domain, OA depends on copyright-holder consent. Two related conclusions follow: (1) OA is not Napster for science. It's about lawful sharing, not sharing in disregard of law. (2) OA to copyrighted works is voluntary, even if it is sometimes a condition of a voluntary contract, such as an employment or funding contract. There is no vigilante OA, no infringing, expropriating, or piratical OA.
- Of course OA can be implemented badly so that it infringes copyright. But so can ordinary publishing. With a little care it can be implemented well so that doesn't infringe copyright. Just like ordinary publishing.
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Many OA initiatives focus on publicly-funded research
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OA to publicly-funded research usually recognizes exceptions for (1) classified, military research, (2) research resulting in patentable discoveries, and (3) research that authors publish in some royalty-producing form, such as books
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As the BOAI FAQ put it: "Free is ambiguous. We mean free for readers, not free for producers. We know that open-access literature is not free (without cost) to produce. But that does not foreclose the possibility of making it free of charge (without price) for readers and users."
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In short: OA dispenses with print (but so do many non-OA journals nowadays). OA eliminates subscription management (soliciting, tracking, renewing subscribers, negotiating prices and site licenses, collecting fees). OA eliminates DRM (authenticating users, distinguishing authorized from unauthorized users, blocking access to the unauthorized). OA reduces or eliminates legal expenses (drafting and enforcing restrictive licenses). Many OA journals eliminate marketing and rely solely on spontaneous aid from other players, such as search engines, bloggers, discussion forums, social tagging, and social networking. While reducing these expenses, OA adds back little more than the cost of collecting author-side fees or institutional subsidies.
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OA is compatible with peer review, and all the major OA initiatives for scientific and scholarly literature insist on its importance
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OA journals find it easier than OA repositories to provide libre OA. OA repositories cannot usually generate permission for libre OA on their own. But OA journals can.
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30 Sep 10
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07 Sep 10
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27 Aug 10
David SánchezOPEN ACCESSSe refiere al acceso libre y sin restricción a material educativo y académico via internet. Este material es gratuito para que los usuarios puedan usar la información.
CIBERLITERATURA_UNAM web_para_bibliografía portales_blogs_y_wikis_de_referencia
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20 Aug 10
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01 Dec 09
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15 Oct 09
xmasrose libraryOpen Access Overview: focusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints by Peter Suber
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14 Oct 09
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24 Sep 09
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pen-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.
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free availability and unrestricted use"
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In addition to removing access barriers, OA should be immediate, rather than delayed, and should apply to full-text, not just to abstracts or summaries.
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OA is compatible with copyright, peer review, revenue (even profit), print, preservation, prestige, career-advancement, indexing, and other features and supportive services associated with conventional scholarly literature.
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The legal basis of OA is either the consent of the copyright holder or the public domain, usually the former.
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Usually they consent in advance to the unrestricted reading, downloading, copying, sharing, storing, printing, searching, linking, and crawling of the full-text of the work. Most authors choose to retain the right to block the distribution of mangled or misattributed copies. Some choose to block commercial re-use of the work. Essentially, these conditions block plagiarism, misrepresentation, and sometimes commercial re-use, and authorize all the uses required by legitimate scholarship, including those required by the technologies that facilitate online scholarly research.
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The campaign for OA focuses on literature that authors give to the world without expectation of payment.
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royalty-free literature
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the body of peer-reviewed scientific and scholarly research articles and their preprints.
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Scholars write journal articles because advancing knowledge in their fields advances their careers.
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They write for impact, not for money.
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Controversies about providing OA to music, movies, and other royalty-producing content, therefore, do not carry over to this unique body of content.
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1) that the benefits of OA exceed the value of their royalties, or (2) that OA will trigger a net increase in sales. However, there is growing evidence that both conditions are met for most research monographs.
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Many OA initiatives focus on taxpayer-funded research.
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public access to publicly funded research
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exceptions for (1) classified, military research, (2) research resulting in patentable discoveries, and (3) research that authors publish in some royalty-producing form, such as books.
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research that is both royalty-free and taxpayer-funded
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OA literature is not free to produce or publish.
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OA is compatible with peer review
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If a journal refuses to consider articles that have circulated as preprints, that is an optional journal-submission policy, not a requirement of copyright law.
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Authors need no permission for preprint archiving. When they have finished writing the preprint, they still hold copyright.
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For a searchable database of publisher policies about copyright and archiving, see Project SHERPA. Also see the Eprints journal-level supplement to SHERPA's publisher-level data.
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This means that authors may publish in virtually any journal that will accept their work (OA or non-OA) and still provide OA to the published version of the text through an OA archive.
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08 Sep 09
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05 Sep 09
Sandra RiveraOpen-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.
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- OA is a kind of access, not a kind of business model, license, or content.
- OA is not a kind of business model.
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15 Jul 09
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07 Jul 09
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05 Jul 09
Kitty Wooley"Focusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints"
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24 Apr 09
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10 Apr 09
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11 Mar 09
Simon CanickThis is an introduction to open access (OA) for those who are new to the concept. I hope it's short enough to read, long enough to be useful, and organized to let you skip around and dive into detail only where you want detail.
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02 Mar 09
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Iryna KuchmaFocusing on open access to peer-reviewed research articles and their preprints
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24 Feb 09
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31 Jan 09
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25 Jan 09
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19 Dec 08
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30 Oct 08
Nicole CarpenterPeter Suber describes and defines the open access movement; includes links to resources on the topic of open access.
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14 Sep 08
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24 Jan 08
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19 Dec 07
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27 Aug 07
jose muriloThis is an introduction to open access (OA) for those who are new to the concept. I hope it's short enough to read, long enough to be useful, and organized to let you skip around and dive into detail only where you want detail.
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19 Aug 07
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18 Aug 07
Rachel C"In five years," Karel Baloun said, "we'll have everybody on the planet on Facebook': 'social graph'
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20 Jul 07
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29 Jun 07
. istoyanovThis is an introduction to open access (OA) for those who are new to the concept.
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