How Extremist Settlers Took Over Israel - The New York Times Magazine
Jeffrey Sachs recommended 24-05-20
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How did a young nation turn so quickly on its own democratic ideals, and at what price? Any meaningful answer to these questions has to take into account how a half-century of lawless behavior that went largely unpunished propelled a radical form of ultranationalism to the center of Israeli politics. This is the history that is told here in three parts. In Part I, we describe the origins of a religious movement that established Jewish settlements in the newly won territories of Gaza and the West Bank during the 1970s. In Part II, we recount how the most extreme elements of the settler movement began targeting not only Palestinians but also Israeli leaders who tried to make peace with them. And in Part III, we show how the most established members of Israel’s ultraright, unpunished for their crimes, gained political power in Israel, even as a more radical generation of settlers vowed to eliminate the Israeli state altogether.
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In 2022, just 18 months after losing the prime ministership, Benjamin Netanyahu regained power by forming an alliance with ultraright leaders of both the Religious Zionism Party and the Jewish Power party. It was an act of political desperation on Netanyahu’s part, and it ushered into power some truly radical figures, people — like Smotrich and Itamar Ben-Gvir — who had spent decades pledging to wrest the West Bank and Gaza from Arab hands. Just two months earlier, according to news reports at the time, Netanyahu refused to share a stage with Ben-Gvir, who had been convicted multiple times for supporting terrorist organizations and, in front of television cameras in 1995, vaguely threatened the life of Rabin, who was murdered weeks later by an Israeli student named Yigal Amir.
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<div style="min-height:510px;font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;height:100%;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:16px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:945px;"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:172.5px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:600px;"><div style="color:rgb(54, 54, 54);font-family:nyt-imperial, georgia, "times new roman", times, serif;font-size:20px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:30px;margin-block-end:15px;margin-block-start:0px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-inline-end:0px;margin-inline-start:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;">Now Ben-Gvir was Israel’s national security minister and Smotrich was Israel’s finance minister, charged additionally with overseeing much of the Israeli government’s activities in the West Bank. In December 2022, a day before the new government was sworn in, Netanyahu issued a list of goals and priorities for his new cabinet, including a clear statement that the nationalistic ideology of his new allies was now the government’s guiding star. “The Jewish people,” it said, “have an exclusive and inalienable right to all parts of the land of Israel.”</div><div style="color:rgb(54, 54, 54);font-family:nyt-imperial, georgia, "times new roman", times, serif;font-size:20px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:30px;margin-block-end:15px;margin-block-start:0px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-inline-end:0px;margin-inline-start:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;">Two months after that, two Israeli settlers were murdered in an attack by Hamas gunmen near Huwara, a village in the West Bank. The widespread calls for revenge, common after Palestinian terror attacks, were now coming from within Netanyahu’s new government. Smotrich declared that “the village of Huwara needs to be wiped out.”</div><div style="color:rgb(54, 54, 54);font-family:nyt-imperial, georgia, "times new roman", times, serif;font-size:20px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:30px;margin-block-end:0px;margin-block-start:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-inline-end:0px;margin-inline-start:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;">And, he added, “I think the State of Israel needs to do it.”</div></div><aside style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;align-items:center;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:flex;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-box-align:center;width:130px;" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><figure style="background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;-webkit-background-clip:border-box;font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;background-attachment:scroll;background-clip:border-box;background-color:rgb(0, 0, 0);background-image:none;background-origin:padding-box;background-size:auto;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-block-end:40px;margin-block-start:40px;margin-bottom:40px;margin-inline-end:212px;margin-inline-start:212px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:40px;max-width:600px;padding-bottom:40px;padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px;padding-top:40px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:600px;" role="group" aria-label="media"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><span style="font-family:"Times New 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Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;background-color:rgb(235, 235, 235);border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;"><div style="font-family:"Times New 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Birth of a Movement
With its overwhelming victory in the Arab-Israeli War of 1967, Israel more than doubled the amount of land it controlled, seizing new territory in the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem. Now it faced a choice: Would the new land become part of Israel or be bargained away as part of a future Palestinian state? To a cadre of young Israelis imbued with messianic zeal, the answer was obvious. The acquisition of the territories animated a religious political movement — Gush Emunim, or “Bloc of the Faithful” — that was determined to settle the newly conquered lands.Gush Emunim followers believed that the coming of the messiah would be hastened if, rather than studying holy books from morning to night, Jews settled the newly occupied territories. This was the land of “Greater Israel,” they believed, and there was a pioneer spirit among the early settlers. They saw themselves as direct descendants of the earliest Zionists, who built farms and kibbutzim near Palestinian villages during the first part of the 20th century, when the land was under British control. But while the Zionism of the earlier period was largely secular and socialist, the new settlers believed they were advancing God’s agenda. -
Kahane said he wanted to rewrite the stereotype of Jews as victims, and he argued, in often vivid terms, that Zionism and democracy are in fundamental tension. “Zionism came into being to create a Jewish state,” Kahane said in an interview with The Times in 1985, five years before he was assassinated by a gunman in New York. “Zionism declares that there is going to be a Jewish state with a majority of Jews, come what may. Democracy says, ‘No, if the Arabs are the majority then they have the right to decide their own fate.’ So Zionism and democracy are at odds. I say clearly that I stand with Zionism.”
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t the same time, Begin was quietly brokering a peace deal with President Anwar Sadat of Egypt in the United States at Camp David. The pact they eventually negotiated gave the Sinai Peninsula back to Egypt and promised greater autonomy to Palestinians in the occupied territories in return for normalized relations with Israel. It would eventually win the two leaders a joint Nobel Peace Prize. But Gush Emunim and other right-wing groups saw the accords as a shocking reversal. From this well of anger sprang a new campaign of intimidation. Rabbi Moshe Levinger, one of the leaders of Gush Emunim and the founder of the settlement in the heart of Hebron, declared the movement’s purposes on Israeli television. The Arabs, he said, “must not be allowed to raise their heads.”Leading this effort would be a militarized offshoot of Gush Emunim called the Jewish Underground. The first taste of what was to come arrived on June 2, 1980. Car bombs exploded as part of a complex assassination plot against prominent Palestinian political figures in the West Bank. The attack blew the legs off Bassam Shaka, the mayor of Nablus; Karim Khalaf, the mayor of Ramallah, was forced to have his foot amputated. Kahane, who in the days before the attack said at a news conference that the Israeli government should form a “Jewish terrorist group” that would “throw bombs and grenades to kill Arabs,” applauded the attacks, as did Rabbi Haim Druckman, a leader of Gush Emunim then serving in the Knesset, and many others within and outside the movement. Brig. Gen. Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, then the top I.D.F. commander in the West Bank, noting the injuries suffered by the Palestinian mayors under his watch, said simply, “It’s a shame they didn’t hit them a bit higher.” An investigation began, but it would be years before it achieved any results. Ben-Eliezer went on to become a leader of the Labor party and defense minister.
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<div style="min-height:1395px;font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;height:100%;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:16px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:945px;"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:172.5px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:600px;"><div style="color:rgb(54, 54, 54);font-family:nyt-imperial, georgia, "times new roman", times, serif;font-size:20px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(54, 54, 54);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:30px;margin-block-end:0px;margin-block-start:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-inline-end:0px;margin-inline-start:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;">In May 1982, Karp and her committee submitted a 33-page report, determining that dozens of offenses were investigated insufficiently. The committee also noted that, in their research, the police had provided them with information that was incomplete, contradictory and in part false. They concluded that nearly half the investigations opened against settlers were closed without the police conducting even a rudimentary investigation. In the few cases in which they did investigate, the committee found “profound flaws.” In some cases, the police witnessed the crimes and did nothing. In others, soldiers were willing to testify against the settlers, but their testimonies and other evidence were buried.</div></div><aside style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;align-items:center;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:flex;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-box-align:center;width:130px;" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><figure style="background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;-webkit-background-clip:border-box;font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;background-attachment:scroll;background-clip:border-box;background-color:rgb(0, 0, 0);background-image:none;background-origin:padding-box;background-size:auto;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-block-end:40px;margin-block-start:40px;margin-bottom:40px;margin-inline-end:302px;margin-inline-start:302px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:40px;max-width:600px;padding-bottom:40px;padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px;padding-top:40px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:420px;" role="group" aria-label="media"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;clip:rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px);height:1px;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:-1px;margin-left:-1px;margin-right:-1px;margin-top:-1px;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;position:absolute;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:1px;">Image</span><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;background-color:rgb(235, 235, 235);border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;width:100%;"><div style="font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:16px;font-stretch:100%;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-weight:400;border-bottom-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-image-outset:0;border-image-repeat:stretch;border-image-slice:100%;border-image-source:none;border-image-width:1;border-left-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-left-style:none;border-left-width:0px;border-right-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-top-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;display:block;height:525px;line-height:16px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0px;text-size-adjust:100%;vertical-align:baseline;"><picture style="display:block;opacity:0;width:100%;"></picture></div></div></div></figure></div></div>
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It soon became clear to Karp that the government was going to bury the report.
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A Wave of Violence
On April 11, 1982, a uniformed I.D.F. soldier named Alan Harry Goodman shot his way into the Dome of the Rock mosque in Jerusalem, one of the most sacred sites for Muslims around the world. Carrying an M16 rifle, standard issue in the Israeli Army, he killed two Arabs and wounded many more.