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Kris Krois's List: De-Branding

    • Stattdessen versuchen wir Menschen diverse Gedankengänge, die nicht ins jeweilige Weltbild zu passen scheinen, zu verbannen. Der Neurowissenschaftler Kevin Dunbar untersuchte die Gehirnaktivitäten bei der Aufnahme von Informationen, die eine These des Probanden bestätigten und welche, die diese These widerlegten. Dabei wurde die konträre Information nicht einmal abgewägt oder gar gespeichert, sondern sofort „aussortiert“, sodass der Proband nach dem Ende der Untersuchung von seiner These noch überzeugter war, denn die Informationen, die das eigene Weltbild zu bestätigen schienen, wurden sofort im Gedächtnis gespeichert (vgl. "Fehler? Falsch!", Geo 03/12).
    • Tokens/quasi-objects

       

      In the above examples, “social order” and “functioning car” come into being through the successful interactions of their respective actor-networks, and actor-network theory refers to these creations as tokens or quasi-objects which are passed between actors within the network.

       

      As the token is increasingly transmitted or passed through the network, it becomes increasingly punctualized and also increasingly reified. When the token is decreasingly transmitted, or when an actor fails to transmit the token (e.g., the oil pump breaks), punctualization and reification are decreased as well.

    • The most important of these  negotiations is "translation," a multifaceted interaction in which actors (1)  construct common definitions and meanings, (2) define representativities,  and (3) co-opt each other in the pursuit of individual and collective  objectives. In the actor-network theory , both actors and actants share the  scene in the reconstruction of the network of interactions leading to the  stabilization of the system.
    • From Sidorova & Sarker 

       ANT is based on a large number of concepts, including ... 

       

                
      Actor 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
      Any element which bends space around itself, makes other
        elements dependent upon itself and translate their will
        into the language of its own. Common examples of actors
        include humans, collectivities of humans, texts, graphical
        representations, and technical artifacts. Actors, all of which
        have interests, try to convince other actors so as to create
        an alignment of the other actors' interests with their own
        interests. When this persuasive process becomes effective,
        it results in the creation of an actor-network. 
      Actor Network 
       
      A heterogeneous network of aligned interests. 
      Translation
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
      The creation of an actor-network. This process consists
        of three major stages: problematization, interessmant, and
        enrolment. Numerous actors within an organization may be
        involved in a different process of translation, each with its
        own unique characteristics and outcomes. For purposes of
        clarity, it is useful to focus on a single actor, from whose
        vantage point we wish to see the process of translation.
       
      Problematization  
       
       
       
       
       
      The first moment of translation during which a focal actor
        defines identities and interests of other actors that are
        consistent with its own interests, and establishes itself as
        an obligatory passage point (OPP), thus "rendering itself
        indispensable" (Callon, 1986). 
      OPP 
       
       
       
       
       
      The obligatory passage point, broadly referring to a situation
        that has to occur in order for all the actors to satisfy the
        interests that have been attributed to them by the focal actor.
        The focal actor defines the OPP through which the other actors
        must pass through and by which the focal actor becomes
        indespensable. 
       
      Interessement 
       
       
       
      The second moment of translation wich involves a process of
        convincing other actors to accept definition of the focal actor
        (Callon, 1986). 
      Enrollment 
       
       
      The moment that another actor accepts the interests defined by
        the focal actor. 
      Inscription 
       
       
      A process of creating technical artifacts that would ensure
        the protection of an actor's interests (Latour, 1992). 
      Irreversibility 
       
       
      The degree to which it is subsequently impossible to return
        to a point where alternative possibilities exist (Walsham, 1997).

    • Chapter 17: "Live True Life or Die Trying" Naeem Mohaiemen Attention and Visualizing Economy
  • Aug 05, 12

    "The Descriptive Camera works a lot like a regular camera—point it at subject and press the shutter button to capture the scene. However, instead of producing an image, this prototype outputs a text description of the scene."

  • Sep 29, 12

    "During the first three quarters of 2010 more than $94 billion was spent on advertising."

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