This link has been bookmarked by 104 people . It was first bookmarked on 04 Jun 2008, by FruFru FourOne.
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23 Oct 14
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Soviet launch of Sputnik
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o it became very important that the world have one protocol, so they could all talk to each other.
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They proved to the world that making something free as a driver would make a huge difference in making it a standard.
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Remember, the personal computer hadn’t been invented yet. So, you had to have these big expensive mainframes in order to do anything. They said, There’s no business there, and why should we waste our time until we can see that
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world-changing technology.
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The Arpanet demonstrated the effectiveness of packet switchin
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In 1958 the United States government set up a special unit, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (arpa), to help jump-start new efforts in science and technology. This was the agency that would nurture the Internet.
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This was a time which was pretty much arpa-derived, in the sense that the money for computers and for networking computers was coming from the government, and from pretty enlightened leadership there.
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15th anniversary of the launch of Mosaic, the first widely used browser,
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It was not set up primarily to do e-mail—but the computational-resource connection turned out to be not so important, and the e-mail turned out to be the killer app.
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In the decade after TCP was introduced, the Internet was embraced by university researchers and other early adopters
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n 1977, Apple Computer, Inc., founded by engineers and hobbyists Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, introduced the Apple II, one of the first personal computers (priced at $1,200).
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In 1981, IBM launched a rival model, IBM PC
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the technology of the Internet had its origins in Cold War theorizing about nuclear warfare.
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But mostly, the big event was IBM in August of 1981. That was a huge even
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Next: II: The Creation
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o compile an oral history, speaking with scores of people involved in every stage of the Internet’s development,
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The company was ultimately re-christened America Online, and the catchphrase “You’ve got mail” became a salutation for a generation of computer users.
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We thought community trumped content.
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P.C. manufacturers to bundle modems into their P.C.’s. We tried for several years with all of them, but finally convinced IBM to do that in 1989. Up until then modems were viewed as a peripheral.
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Gary Thuerk, a marketer for Digital Equipment Corporation, sent the first spam into the Arpanet in 1978—it was an open invitation to two product demonstrations in California.
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On an eight-month deadline, the BBN team delivered their prototype I.M.P. to U.C.L.A. on August 30, 1969.
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The Conception
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—packet switching—
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$140 billion in 2008.)
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Packet switching breaks data into chunks, or “packets,” and lets each one take its own path to a destination
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A similar idea was proposed independently in Britain by Donald Davi
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And the Internet was born. Well, the first four everybody knew about. Nobody knew about the Internet.
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The problem was that we didn’t have a survivable communications system, and so Soviet missiles aimed at U.S. missiles would take out the entire telephone-communication system.
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There’s another I.M.P. 400 miles north of us in Menlo Park, basically at Stanford Research Institute. And there’s a high-speed line connecting those two. We are now prepared to connect two hosts together over this fledgling network.
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“Talked to SRI host to host.”
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ay, poetic about it, the September event was when the infant Internet took its first breath.
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The first significant attack came on November 2, 1988, in the form of the so-called Morris Worm, created by a Cornell graduate student named Robert Tappan Morris. Keith Bostic, a computer programmer then at Berkeley, was one of those who tracked Morris down.
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Morris became the first person indicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
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It was a job for wizards. My conclusion was that we needed to do something to stimulate people. So I talked to arpa about doing a demonstration, and they made arrangements with the organizers of the very first International Conference on Computer Communication.
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Leonard Kleinrock, a professor of computer science at U.C.L.A
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earliest computer networks, in the 1960
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Licklider,
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e first director of arpa’s computer-science division
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One of the features of this Arpanet is that the machines that were connected to it were time-shared. T
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igured out a way to cause a file to be transferred from one machine through the Net to another machine and left in a particular location for someone to pick up.
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f: You find a good scientist. Fund him. Leave him alone.
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ame of the recipient from the machine that the guy’s files are on
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Robert Taylor
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became the third director of arpa’s computer-science division
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t didn’t destroy any information. It didn’t even corrupt any information.
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Larry Roberts,
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Robert Metcalfe, who worked on the Arpanet at M.I.T
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Sputnik in 1957 surprised a lot of people, and Eisenhower asked the Defense Department to set up a special agency, so that we would not get caught with our pants down again.
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. First of all, it had a lot of carte blanche. If arpa asked some cooperation from the air force or the navy or the army, they got it instantly and automaticall
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Ooh, look. You can do this. And I’m in U.C.L.A. in Los Angeles now. And now I’m in San Francisco. And now I’m in Chicago. And now I’m in Cambridge, Massachusetts—isn’t this cool? And as I’m giving my demo, the damned thing crashed.
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II: The Web
In 1991, cern, one of the world’s largest physics laboratories, based in Geneva, introduced the World Wide Web,
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This robust new global-information resource made possible the emergence of “browsers”—software used to navigate the Web and maneuver through text and images on-screen.
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o this day, I still cringe at the mention of AT&T. That’s why my cell phone is a T-Mobile. The rest of my family uses AT&T, but I refuse.
As networking grew, so did the number of
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Mosaic, created by Marc Andreessen
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Jim Clark soon took notice and partnered with Andreessen to create Netscape Communications.
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t Louis Pouzin was building his own Arpanet, called Cyclades. A packet-switched satellite ne
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And, hence, the Arpanet was born.
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When I had this idea about building a network—this was in 1966—it was kind of an “Aha” idea,
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d took a million dollars away from one of his other offices and gave it to me to get started. It took about 20 minutes
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d was AT&T. They fought it tooth and nail at the beginning. They tried all sorts of things to stop it.
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Working with AT&T would be like working with Cro-Magnon man.
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Because packet switching won’t work. They were adamant. As a result, AT&T missed out on the whole early networking experience
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He teamed with Vint Cerf to devise the TCP and IP networking protocols in the 1970s.
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18 Aug 10
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Fifty years ago, in response to the surprise Soviet launch of Sputnik, the U.S. military set up the Advanced Research Projects Agency.
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his year marks the 50th anniversary of an extraordinary moment. In 1958 the United States government set up a special unit, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (arpa), to help jump-start new efforts in science and technology. This was the agency that would nurture the Internet.
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This year also marks the 15th anniversary of the launch of Mosaic, the first widely used browser,
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Vanity Fair set out to do something that has never been done: to compile an oral history, speaking with scores of people involved in every stage of the Internet’s development, from the 1950s onward. From more than 100 hours of interviews we have distilled and edited their words into a concise narrative of the past half-century—a history of the Internet in the words of the people who made it.
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14 Aug 10
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Advanced Research Projects Agency. It would become the cradle of connectivity
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This year also marks the 15th anniversary of the launch of Mosaic, the first widely used browser
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Vannevar Bush and J. C. R. Licklider
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Internet had its origins in Cold War theorizing about nuclear warfare.
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13 Aug 10
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the first impetus for what became the technology of the Internet had its origins in Cold War theorizing about nuclear warfare.
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Fifty years ago, in response to the surprise Soviet launch of Sputnik, the U.S. military set up the Advanced Research Projects Agency.
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It would become the cradle of connectivity,
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In 1958 the United States government set up a special unit, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (arpa), to help jump-start new efforts in science and technology. This was the agency that would nurture the Internet.
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15th anniversary of the launch of Mosaic, the first widely used browser, which brought the Internet into the hands of ordinary people.
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speaking with scores of people involved in every stage of the Internet’s development,
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15 Aug 08
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Vanity Fair set out to do something that has never been done: to compile an oral history, speaking with scores of people involved in every stage of the Internet’s development, from the 1950s onward
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29 Jul 08
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theok2A history of the development of the Internet and the web with reflections by the key players. A useful summative document for anyone studying this field.
Internet History technology web digital online innovation network communication culture theo_delicious
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emapeyHistory of the internet
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aitor zuberogoitiaInterneten historia, sortzaileek kontatuta Vanity Fair aldizkarian
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09 Jun 08
Mark Hinkle50 ago, in response to the surprise Soviet launch of Sputnik, the U.S. military set up the Advanced Research Projects Agency. It would become the cradle of connectivity, spawning the era of Google and YouTube, of Amazon and Facebook...
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08 Jun 08
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04 Jun 08
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paul jonesVanity Fair's Oral History for the Internet -- more than just the Web -- starting with BBN. Great but very brief bits from most of the folks who made a big difference. Of course many more are missing
article culture history Internet media network online technology web digital apple blogging blog blogs craigslist jomc490 napster myspace microsoft
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