Steve Ersinghaus on 2008-09-05
So, there you have it!
This link has been bookmarked by 108 people . It was first bookmarked on 18 Jun 2006, by Hiroko Nozawa.
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30 Dec 09
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07 Dec 09
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23 Nov 09
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20 Nov 09
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Howard RheingoldThe summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships."
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For years inventions have extended man's physical powers rather than the powers of his mind. Trip hammers that multiply the fists, microscopes that sharpen the eye, and engines of destruction and detection are new results, but not the end results, of modern science. Now, says Dr. Bush, instruments are at hand which, if properly developed, will give man access to and command over the inherited knowledge of the ages. The perfection of these pacific instruments should be the first objective of our scientists as they emerge from their war work.
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There is a growing mountain of research. But there is increased evidence that
we are being bogged down today as specialization extends. The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. Yet specialization becomes increasingly necessary for progress, and the effort to bridge between disciplines is correspondingly superficial.
Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in reading
them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of time might well be
startling. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current
thought, even in restricted fields, by close and continuous reading might well
shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous
month's efforts could be produced on call. - 2 more annotations...
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The difficulty seems to be, not so much that we publish unduly in view of the
extent and variety of present day interests, but rather that publication has
been extended far beyond our present ability to make real use of the record.
The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and
the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily
important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships. -
The camera hound of the future
wears on his forehead a lump a little larger than a walnut. It takes pictures 3
millimeters square, later to be projected or enlarged, which after all involves
only a factor of 10 beyond present practice. The lens is of universal focus,
down to any distance accommodated by the unaided eye, simply because it is of
short focal length. There is a built-in photocell on the walnut such as we now
have on at least one camera, which automatically adjusts exposure for a wide
range of illumination. There is film in the walnut for a hundred exposures, and
the spring for operating its shutter and shifting its film is wound once for
all when the film clip is inserted. It produces its result in full color. It may well be stereoscopic, and record with two spaced glass eyes, for striking
improvements in stereoscopic technique are just around the corner.
The cord which trips its shutter may reach down a man's sleeve within easy
reach of his fingers. A quick squeeze, and the picture is taken. On a pair of
ordinary glasses is a square of fine lines near the top of one lens, where it
is out of the way of ordinary vision. When an object appears in that square, it
is lined up for its picture. As the scientist of the future moves about the
laboratory or the field, every time he looks at something worthy of the record,
he trips the shutter and in it goes, without even an audible click. Is this all
fantastic? The only fantastic thing about it is the idea of making as many
pictures as would result from its use.
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21 Sep 09
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making more accessible our bewildering store of knowledge
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access to and command over the inherited knowledge of the ages.
- 12 more annotations...
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a new relationship between thinking man and the sum of our knowledge
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swiftest communication between individuals
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growing mountain of research
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bogged down
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conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear
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he effort to bridge between disciplines is correspondingly superficial
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methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose -
truly significant
attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential -
publication has
been extended far beyond our present ability to make real use of the record -
there are plenty of
mechanical aids with which to effect a transformation in scientific records. -
The world has arrived at an age of cheap
complex devices of great reliability; and something is bound to come of it. -
A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted.
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09 Sep 09
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07 Sep 09
Srikant Jakilinkitechnology history hypertext article science information ..
The real heart of the matter of selection, however, goes deeper than a
lag in the adoption of mechanisms by libraries, or a lack of
development of devices for their use. Our ineptitude in getting at
the record is largely caused by the artificiality of systems of
indexing. When data of any sort are placed in storage, they are filed
alphabetically or numerically, and information is found (when it is)
by tracing it down from subclass to subclass. It can be in only one
place, unless duplicates are used; one has to have rules as to which
path will locate it, and the rules are cumbersome. Having found one
item, moreover, one has to emerge from the system and re-enter on a
new path.
The human mind does not work that way. It operates by association.
With one item in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is
suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some
intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain. It has
other characteristics, of course; trails that are not frequently
followed are prone to fade, items are not fully permanent, memory is
transitory. Yet the speed of action, the intricacy of trails, the
detail of mental pictures, is awe-inspiring beyond all else in nature.
Man cannot hope fully to duplicate this mental process artificially,
but he certainly ought to be able to learn from it. In minor ways he
may even improve, for his records have relative permanency. The first
idea, however, to be drawn from the analogy concerns selection.
Selection by association, rather than by indexing, may yet be
mechanized. One cannot hope thus to equal the speed and flexibility
with which the mind follows an associative trail, but it should be
possible to beat the mind decisively in regard to the permanence and
clarity of the items resurrected from storage.
Consider a future device for individual use, which is a sort of
mechanized private file and library. It needs a name, and to coin
one at random, ``memex'' will do. A me -
05 Sep 09
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There is a growing mountain of research. But there is increased evidence that
we are being bogged down today as specialization extends. The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. -
methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate - 2 more annotations...
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Mendel's concept of the laws of
genetics was lost to the world for a generation because his publication did not
reach the few who were capable of grasping and extending it; and this sort of
catastrophe is undoubtedly being repeated all about us, as truly significant
attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential.
The difficulty seems to be, not so much that we publish unduly in view of the
extent and variety of present day interests, but rather that publication has
been extended far beyond our present ability to make real use of the record. -
A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted.
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20 Jul 09
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18 Jul 09
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Machines with interchangeable parts can now be constructed with great economy
of effort. In spite of much complexity, they perform reliably. Witness the
humble typewriter, or the movie camera, or the automobile. Electrical contacts
have ceased to stick when thoroughly understood. Note the automatic telephone
exchange, which has hundreds of thousands of such contacts, and yet is
reliable. A spider web of metal, sealed in a thin glass container, a wire
heated to brilliant glow, in short, the thermionic tube of radio sets, is made
by the hundred million, tossed about in packages, plugged into sockets—and it
works! Its gossamer parts, the precise location and alignment involved in its
construction, would have occupied a master craftsman of the guild for months;
now it is built for thirty cents. The world has arrived at an age of cheap
complex devices of great reliability; and something is bound to come of it. -
A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted.
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24 Jun 09
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12 May 09
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28 Apr 09
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21 Apr 09
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10 Apr 09
Rafael AlvaradoThe Atlantic (July 1945)
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10 Mar 09
Joe LoongVannevar Bush's seminal and prescient envisioning of information sharing technologies presaging the modern Internet. As referenced by Tim Berners-Lee http://www.w3.org/Talks/9510_Bush/Talk.html
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09 Mar 09
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08 Mar 09
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new relationship between thinking man and the sum of our knowledge
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08 Feb 09
pablodgzVannevar Bush
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05 Feb 09
Cloned MilkmenThis paper by Dr. Bush calls for a new relationship between thinking man and the sum of our knowledge.
lis knowledgemanagement informationretrieval memex vannevarbush hypertext
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04 Feb 09
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our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose
-
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22 Jan 09
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21 Jan 09
-
There is a growing mountain of research. But there is increased evidence that
we are being bogged down today as specialization extends. The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. Yet specialization becomes increasingly necessary for progress, and the effort to bridge between disciplines is correspondingly superficial. -
Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in reading
them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of time might well be
startling - 5 more annotations...
-
-
Mendel's concept of the laws of
genetics was lost to the world for a generation because his publication did not
reach the few who were capable of grasping and extending it; and this sort of
catastrophe is undoubtedly being repeated all about us, as truly significant
attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential -
The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and
the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily
important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships. -
Had a Pharaoh been given detailed and
explicit designs of an automobile, and had he understood them completely, it
would have taxed the resources of his kingdom to have fashioned the thousands
of parts for a single car, and that car would have broken down on the first
trip to Giza. -
The world has arrived at an age of cheap
complex devices of great reliability; and something is bound to come of it. -
A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted.
-
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05 Jan 09
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03 Dec 08
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22 Nov 08
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28 Oct 08
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23 Oct 08
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12 Oct 08
Dorota Tylusprehistory of the Internet (reading on new media & digital cultures classes)
history technology article science internet newmedia_studies
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01 Sep 08
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31 Aug 08
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dave sgonechinaWhen data of any sort are placed in storage, they are filed alphabetically or numerically, and information is found (when it is) by tracing it down from subclass to subclass. It can be in only one place, unless duplicates are used; one has to have rules as to which path will locate it, and the rules are cumbersome. Having found one item, moreover, one has to emerge from the system and re-enter on a new path. The human mind does not work that way.
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26 Aug 08
-
There is a growing mountain of research. But there is increased evidence that
we are being bogged down today as specialization extends. The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. -
Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose. - 5 more annotations...
-
-
The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and
the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily
important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships. -
complexity and unreliability were synonymous.
-
Had a Pharaoh been given detailed and
explicit designs of an automobile, and had he understood them completely, it
would have taxed the resources of his kingdom to have fashioned the thousands
of parts for a single car, and that car would have broken down on the first
trip to Giza. -
Let us project this trend
ahead to a logical, if not inevitable, outcome. -
The
process is now slow, but someone may speed it up, and it has no grain
difficulties such as now keep photographic researchers busy. Often it would be
advantageous to be able to snap the camera and to look at the picture
immediately. -
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18 Aug 08
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30 Jun 08
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02 Jun 08
Thieme Henniswritten in 1945, interesting notion about how information overload is already occurring, and how we should respond on it.
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Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of
research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their
purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in reading
them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of time might well be
startling. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current
thought, even in restricted fields, by close and continuous reading might well
shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous
month's efforts could be produced on call. Mendel's concept of the laws of
genetics was lost to the world for a generation because his publication did not
reach the few who were capable of grasping and extending it; and this sort of
catastrophe is undoubtedly being repeated all about us, as truly significant
attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential.
-
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18 May 08
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19 Mar 08
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10 Mar 08
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17 Feb 08
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14 Feb 08
katarina peovicČlanak W. Busha o asocijativnom mišljenju, Memex
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11 Feb 08
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29 Jan 08
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28 Jan 08
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27 Jan 08
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20 Jan 08
James SlaterAs Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vannevar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. In this significant article he holds up an incent
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James SlaterAs Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vannevar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. In this significant article he holds up an incent
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10 Jan 08
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A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted. Today we make the record
conventionally by writing and photography, followed by
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06 Jan 08
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this paper by Dr. Bush calls for a new relationship between thinking man and the sum of our knowledge.
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who have
left academic pursuits for the making of strange destructive gadgets, who have
had to devise new methods for their unanticipated assignments. - 4 more annotations...
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hey have done
their part on the devices that made it possible to turn back the enemy -
extracts from that record so that knowledge evolves and endures throughout the
life of a race rather than that of an individual. -
The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. Yet specialization becomes increasingly necessary for progress, and the effort to bridge between disciplines is correspondingly superficial. -
as truly significant
attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential
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01 Jan 08
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29 Dec 07
Johann RichardVannevar Bush. Peter Drucker coined the term “knowledge worker” in 1959. Bush set the framework for a knowledge worker’s day in 1945.
ai art article articles automation backup blog brain vannevarbush memex hypertext internet technology history science for:unic.com ****
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30 Nov 07
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03 Nov 07
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01 Nov 07
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28 Oct 07
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19 Oct 07
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12 Oct 07
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07 Oct 07
Hélène MartinAs Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vannevar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. In this significant article he holds up an incent
academic culture design technology vannevarbush article science memex history
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23 Sep 07
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12 Sep 07
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As Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vannevar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. In this significant article he holds up an incentive for scientists when the fighting has ceased. He urges that men of science should then turn to the massive task of making more accessible our bewildering store of knowledge. For years inventions have extended man's physical powers rather than the powers of his mind. Trip hammers that multiply the fists, microscopes that sharpen the eye, and engines of destruction and detection are new results, but not the end results, of modern science. Now, says Dr. Bush, instruments are at hand which, if properly developed, will give man access to and command over the inherited knowledge of the ages. The perfection of these pacific instruments should be the first objective of our scientists as they emerge from their war work. Like Emerson's famous address of 1837 on "The American Scholar," this paper by Dr. Bush calls for a new relationship between thinking man and the sum of our knowledge. —THE EDITOR
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01 Sep 07
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22 Aug 07
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17 Aug 07
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02 Aug 07
Jeppe KabellThe world has arrived at an age of cheap complex devices of great reliability; and something is bound to come of it.
history technology hypertext internet memex VannevarBush tcp2007
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25 Jun 07
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14 May 07
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07 May 07
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30 Apr 07
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18 Apr 07
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Vannevar Bush
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01 Apr 07
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15 Mar 07
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14 Nov 06
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07 Oct 06
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05 Sep 06
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03 Sep 06
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02 Sep 06
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29 Aug 06
-
There is a growing mountain of research. But there is increased evidence that
we are being bogged down today as specialization extends. The investigator is
staggered by the findings and conclusions of thousands of other
workers—conclusions which he cannot find time to grasp, much less to remember, as they appear. Yet specialization becomes increasingly necessary for progress, and the effort to bridge between disciplines is correspondingly superficial. -
The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and
the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily
important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships. - 5 more annotations...
-
-
A record if it is to be useful to science, must be continuously extended, it
must be stored, and above all it must be consulted. -
As the scientist of the future moves about the
laboratory or the field, every time he looks at something worthy of the record,
he trips the shutter and in it goes, without even an audible click. Is this all
fantastic? -
Let us project this trend
ahead to a logical, if not inevitable, outcome. -
But there are signs of a change as new and powerful instrumentalities come into
use. -
Will there be dry photography?
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08 Jul 06
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06 Jul 06
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18 Jun 06
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31 May 06
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25 May 06
robert e"Prophets of the Computer Age" (October 1997) In light of new breakthroughs, two prescient Atlantic articles—Vannevar Bush's "As We May Think" and Martin Greenberger's "The Computers of Tomorrow"—seem all the more remarkable.
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07 Apr 06
xose 33Appeared in the Atlantic Monthy in 1945, a call to drop arms and encourage scientists to pursue projects that extended the powers of the mind instead of the powers of the body.
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22 Mar 06
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29 Oct 05
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10 Oct 05
OITC-RichReprint at the 60th anniversary of the original article that predicted and influenced so much of the computing environment in which we know live.
Technology IT in Culture Media business Education Interactive Community Online How Things Work Weblogs tips & tricks Continuous Management Knowledge Worker Predicting the Future
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06 Oct 05
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30 Jul 05
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24 Jul 05
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