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29 Sep 09
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- Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Kurt Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to identify different styles of leadership. This early study has been very influential and established three major leadership styles. The three major styles of leadership are
- Authoritarian or autocratic
- Participative or democratic
- Delegative or Free Reign
(U.S. Army Handbook, 1973):
Although good leaders use all three styles, with one of them normally dominant, bad leaders tend to stick with one style. - Authoritarian or autocratic
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This style is used when leaders tell their employees what they want done and how they want it accompished, without getting the advice of their followers
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This style involves the leader including one or more employees in the decision making process (determining what to do and how to do it). However, the leader maintains the final decision making authority. Using this style is not a sign of weakness, rather it is a sign of strength that your employees will respect.
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In this style, the leader allows the employees to make the decisions. However, the leader is still responsible for the decisions that are made. This is used when employees are able to analyze the situation and determine what needs to be done and how to do it. You cannot do everything!
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- Forces that influence the style to be used included:
- How much time is available.
- Are relationships based on respect and trust or on disrespect?
- Who has the information - you, your employees, or both?
- How well your employees are trained and how well you know the task.
- Internal conflicts.
- Stress levels.
- Type of task. Is it structured, unstructured, complicated, or simple?
- Laws or established procedures such as OSHA or training plans.
- How much time is available.
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Consideration (employee orientation) - Leaders are concerned about the human needs of their employees. They build teamwork, help employees with their problems, and provide psychological support.
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There is evidence that leaders who are considerate in their leadership style are higher performers and are more satisfied with their job (Schriesheim, 1982).
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05 Oct 08
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30 Jun 07
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03 Aug 06
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