Tristan Smith's List: Animal Experimentation

• we would be on shaky ground if we were to demand equality for blacks, women, and other groups of oppressed humans while denying equal consideration to nonhumans
• humans differ as individuals, there are no differences between the races and sexes as such
• Speciesism
• equal consideration of interests

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• moral
• we are guilty of 'speciesism'
• The key question is whether the same progress would have occurred without the use of animals—a much harder question to answer.
• he key question is whether the same progress would have occurred without the use of animals—a much harder question to answer.

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• unethical
• knowledge scientists have gained
• reducing animal experiments, refining them to minimize pain and suffering, and replacing animal experiments with different techniques if possibl
• adverse reactions in humans that were not found or predicted in animal tests
• We face too many terrible health problems—like cancer, AIDS, heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, birth defects and mental illness—to eliminate the animal research that has been responsible for so many advances in medical care."

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• by relying on animal research, scientists failed to explore other methods
• 15,000 new drugs are marketed every year, while some 12,000 are withdrawn
• A further 30 per cent of all hospitalised people suffered further damage from the therapy prescribed to them
• "three Rs" reducing, refining and replacing animal testing can be convincingly argued and won through levelheaded analysis of the scientific research.

• Many of the most common life threatening side effects of drugs cannot be predicted by animal tests.

   
• Studies put the risk in humans between two and six times that of controls.
• hundreds of different strains and millions of dead animals used
• animal researchers suggested that barbiturates could protect against the effects of stroke
• barbiturates had little or no protective effect
• use of animal models to develop effective drug treatment may have delayed this discovery by as much as 100 years.
• esearchers beat the joints of animals with hammer blows, inject them with irritating liquids, subject them to ionising radiation and/or dislocate them
• in 1981, the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation in collaboration with the WHO [World Health Organisation], published a list of only 26 drugs, from the 205,000 on the market, which were considered "indispensable"

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• there are so many similarities between human and animal physiology
• Without animal research, these vaccines would not exis
• Dogs, cats, sheep, and cattle also are living longer and healthier lives thanks to vaccines
• only four of 125 countries remain endemic for polio

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• The "pro" and "con" positions on animal experimentation have proven suitable for stating extreme opinions, but unhelpful at exploring the broader ethical questions of animal based research.

• animals are not isomorphic with humans
• We differ on the cellular and molecular level, and, importantly, that is where disease occurs.
• Roughly fifteen percent of all hospital admissions are caused by adverse medication reactions. And legal drugs, which made their way to the public via animals, kill approximately 100,000 people per year
• Dr. Bayly felt as we had begun to feel—that most advances were due to clinical observations by doctors and nurses on their human patients.
• animal experimentation is a source of infinite financing
• Animal experiments continue because they have occurred for a long time.

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