Tero Toivanen's List: invisiblelearning

• Our nation and our schools and universities should invest in distributed and collaborative learning experiences­—curricula emphasizing the interconnectedness of life and geochemical processes in the biosphere, empathy courses that promote social behavior, cyberspace classes connecting students around the globe, service-learning programs in communities, sharing knowledge in peer groups, and interdisciplinary and multicultural studies—with the objective of nurturing students’ empathic nature. “

• Writers
   
  • Jane Austen, novelist. She left school at the age of 11.
   
  • William Shakespeare, playwright, poet. Only a few years of formal schooling.
   
  • Mark Twain, printer, riverboat pilot, prospector, newspaper reporter, humorist, author of the first great American novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Left school in fifth grade.
   
• Writers
   
  • Jane Austen, novelist. She left school at the age of 11.
   
  • William Shakespeare, playwright, poet. Only a few years of formal schooling.
   
  • Mark Twain, printer, riverboat pilot, prospector, newspaper reporter, humorist, author of the first great American novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Left school in fifth grade.
   
• Presidents
   
  • Abraham Lincoln, lawyer, U.S. president. Finished barely a year of formal schooling. He self-taught himself trigonometry (for his work as a surveyor) and read Blackstone on his own to become a lawyer.
   
  • Martin Van Buren, U.S. president. Little formal education. Began studying law at the age of 14 while apprenticing at a law firm.
   
  • George Washington, U.S. president, general, plantation owner. Ended his education after a few years of elementary school.
   
  • Andrew Jackson U.S. President, lawyer. Little formal education;
   
  • Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, Brazilian president. With a fifth grade education only, he shined shoes on the streets of Sao Paulo as a kid but later became a steelworker union leader.
   
  
   Scientists
   
  • Albert Einstein, Nobel prize-winning physicist, discoverer of the General and Special Theories of Relativity. He left school at 15.
   

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• A know­mad is what I term a no­madic knowl­edge worker –that is, a cre­ative, imag­i­na­tive, and in­no­v­a­tive per­son who can work with al­most any­body, any­time, and any­where
• Know­mads can in­stantly re­con­fig­ure and re­con­tex­tu­al­ize their work en­vi­ron­ments, and greater mo­bil­ity is cre­at­ing new op­por­tu­ni­ties.
• What hap­pens when the in­vest­ment banker sit­ting next to the ar­chi­tect have a con­ver­sa­tion? What new ideas, prod­ucts, and ser­vices might be cre­ated?
• The pur­po­sive use of tech­nolo­gies al­lowed stan­dard desks to be re­moved from the class­room and for stu­dents and teach­ers to in­stantly re­con­fig­ure their so­cial learn­ing en­vi­ron­ment, al­low­ing for more in­di­vid­u­al­ized in­struc­tion …and co-in­struc­tion among stu­dents and their teacher. The dif­fer­ences be­tween stu­dents, teach­ers and col­leagues are be­gin­ning to blur.

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• The phones have also helped create a teaching style that the faculty refer to as “mobile-enhanced inquiry-based learning” — combining mobile phones and a learning theory that teaches through experimentation and questioning
• In many ACU classes, one component of mobile implementation is lecture podcasts, which allow students to consume much of the information typically delivered in the classroom on their own time and in their own dorm rooms.
• The result thus far is BioBook, a device-agnostic, peer-written, node-driven text. In other words, it’s like Wikipedia on steroids.

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• Usein oppimisesta puhutaan ikäänkuin sitä tapahtuisi vain koulutusjärjestelmän puitteissa. Koulutusjärjestelmä ulottuu esikoulusta yliopistoihin. Näissä paikoissa tapahtuvaa oppimista kutsutaan formaaliksi oppimiseksi. Sujuvampi suomenkielinen ilmaus on muodollinen oppiminen.
• Työpaikkakoulutus, seurakunnan isosien koulutus ja järjestöjen koulutus ovat esimerkkejä non-formaalista eli epämuodollisesta oppimisesta. Toisinaan saatetaan puhua kansalaisoppimisesta. Tälle oppimisen lajille on luonteenomaista, että se on järjestettyä toimintaa, jossa ei useinkaan jaeta todistuksia. Opetussuunnitelma on väljä. Siinä tähdätään jonkin tietyn toiminnan oppimiseen. Usein painopiste on koululaitosta enemmän jonkin taidon oppimisessa.
• Näiden kahden järjestetyn toiminnan ulkopuolella on informaali oppiminen eli arkipäivän oppiminen. Toisinaan puhutaan myös satunnaisoppimisesta. Tällöin oppiminen tapahtuu usein huomaamattomasti, jonkin toisen toiminnan tuotteena. Tietokonepelejä pelatessa tulee oppineeksi englantia. Urheiluseurassa oppii ryhmätaitoja. Toisinaan väitetään, että nyky-yhteiskunnassa oppimista on entistä hankalampi kontrolloida. Ei voida ennaltakäsin määrittää, minkälainen oppiminen on tärkeätä. Sivutuotteena syntyneet taidot nousevatkin suureen asemaan.

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• Informal learning accounts for over 75% of the learning taking place in  organizations today
• Formal learning includes the hierarchically structured school system  that runs from primary school through the university and organized  school-like programs created in business for technical and  professional training.
• Informal learning describes a lifelong process whereby individuals  acquire attitudes, values, skills and knowledge from daily experience  and the educational influences and resources in his or her environment,  from family and neighbors, from work and play, from the market place,  the library and the mass media.
• Intentional learning is the process whereby an individual aims to  learn something and goes about achieving that objective.
• Accidental learning happens when in everyday activities an individual  learns something that he or she had not intended or expected.
• Non-formal learning.  I define it is any organized educational activity outside the  established formal system whether operating separately or as an  important feature of some broader activity intended to serve  identifiable learning objectives.
• In my experience and from the work we have done with  organizations, there are far more opportunities for informal accidental  learning than any other single type of learning.
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   List all of the informal programs going on in your organization. Post  that for others to add to and work with. <!--mstheme--><!--msthemelist-->

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   Ask for employees to share informally gathered knowledge with peers in  a formal way. <!--mstheme--><!--msthemelist-->

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   Support informal communities of practice. Create others where you  there are gaps. <!--mstheme--><!--msthemelist-->

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   Look at what your meetings really offer. <!--mstheme--><!--msthemelist-->

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   Find more opportunities for accidental learning and make it a topic of  conversation.

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