Problem based learning has several distinct characteristics which may be identified and utilized in designing such curriculum. These are:
- Use of real world problems - problems are relevant and contextual. It is in the process of struggling with actual problems that students learn content and critical thinking skills.
- Reliance on problems to drive the curriculum - the problems do not test skills; they assist in development of the skills themselves.
- The problems are truly ill-structured - there is not meant to be one solution, and as new information is gathered in a reiterative process, perception of the problem, and thus the solution, changes.