Sakshi Shah's List: Justice Project - Economic Inequality

• highest number of women suffer discrimination.
• impact of religion
• status of women
• Polygamy
• free to move in the villages of the North and suffer severe restriction of their  movement in the South
• 80% to 85% of women do not have any freedom
• several laws guarantee that women have access to property, including land. In  the North, however, these laws are not respected

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• The literacy rate in India per 2001 census was 65.38%

  • Compare this to more recent figures and details, to see if it has improved. Why are female literacy rates MUCH lower than male literacy rates?
• • Male literacy rate 75.85%
   
  • Female literacy rate 54.16%

• Non-Governmental Organizations
• strengthening the community, to identify and address the gaps in the delivery of education services, and to bring about systemic changes through advocacy.
• • Legislation on education rights(e.g. RTE)
• • Repository of information on literacy and education

• • Education for children (0 to 14)

   

  • Life skills for youth ( 14 to 18)

   

  • Adult literacy with skills training
• • Actively promote information sharing across NGOs and people

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• Boys are encouraged to be tough and outgoing; girls are encouraged to be  homebound and shy.
• Many developing countries including India have displayed gender inequality in  education, employment and health. It is common to find girls and women suffering  from high mortality rates. There are vast differences in education level of two  sexes. India has witnessed gender inequality from its early history due to its  socio-economic and religious practices that resulted in a wide gap between the  position of men and women in the society.
• by a young girl, by a young woman, or even by an aged one, nothing must be done independently, even in her own house".
• he sex ratio according to 2001 census report stands at 933 per 1000 males
• From a global perspective India accounts for 19% of all live births and 27% of  all maternal deaths. The deaths of young girls in India exceed those of young  boys by over 300,000 each year and every 6th infant death is specifically due to  gender discrimination.
• Adult women consume approximately 1,000 fewer calories per day than men  according to one estimate. Nutritional deprivation has two major consequences  for women: they never reach their full growth potential, and suffer from anemia,  which are risk factors in pregnancy.
• The Constitution of India ensures gender equality

  • Research on this
• empowers the state to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favor of women
• India has also ratified various international conventions and human rights forums to secure equal rights of women, such as ratification of Convention on elimination of all forms of discrimination against women in 1993
• 1/3 rd of the elected seats to the local governing bodies be reserved for women.
• Pre-natal Diagnostic Tech Act in 1994

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• survey in America and other western countries have proved this wage difference.  Studies in India have resulted in the same outcome. N. Padmini a CEO of a  private company in Mysore says, "This disparity is existing in the industry for  long period. I have worked very hard to come to this position and have gone  through this discrimination."
  

  • Other countries
• An International Labor Organisation (ILO) survey conducted among the IT professionals in the software industires in India has revealed the prevalence of gender inequality in its various forms.
• MNCs had announced that they would be recruiting more women employees
• cutting economic costs recently. Is this the reason they want to recruit more women employees?
• 
   "Engendering Workplaces: Framework for a Gender Policy"
• Som Mittal, President, Nasscom
• "The software industry in India, like in other countries, is highly male dominated, with about 86 per cent of the labour force being men. In terms of remuneration, women are paid at an equal pay-scale. It is also a very young labour force, with a median age of 29.3 years. As the workforce is largely made up of professionals, unionisation is very low."

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• Under the Equal Pay Act or 1963, any  employee, whether male or female, must be given substantially equal work that  requires equal skill, effort and responsibility and are carried out under  similar working conditions, and the compensation must be substantially equal as  well.

  • This law isn't actually followed in many places in India.
• The law was formulated and brought into effect as a result of years of outcries  and proposals from different labor and women's rights groups seeking for fair  treatment and compensation in the workplace.
• progresses of women's advocacy towards gender equality in the society
• how people get work that requires more effort and more responsibility but is  paid the same as the work that requires less.
• issues regarding pay inequality between men and women
• domestic politics, culture and religious  differences play a big role in pay disparity between both sexes.
• women still earn only 81% of what men earn in 2005.

  • where?
• Figures and statistics show that in the coming decades, there is a clear  possibility of a reversal on gender wage gap,

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• Charlotte Perkins

  • Femist activist from outside India. Could be mentioned in project as 'other countries' topic.
• Gilman
• natality inequality keeps rising.
  
• the city's police commissioner, richest women entrepreneur, manager...
• We've iconised her as a super achiever. But on the oversized social billboard,  the woman still plays a supporting role. Her job by the hearth is deemed  "sedentary activity
• To be fair, more and more women in power suits are striding the corridors of  administration and management. To be fair, women are driving taxis, trains and  trucks too.
• To be fair, women have a right to ownership of property. To be fair, we want to  be on even terms with them. To be fair, we want to be fair... Just that we can't  get on with the task of getting a third of the parliamentary seats for them.

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• BJP vice-president Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi has come under a severe attack from women  parliamentarians
• Some women wearing lipstick and powder have taken to streets in Mumbai and are  abusing politicians, thus spreading dissatisfaction against democracy. This is  what terrorists are doing in Jammu and Kashmir,”
• Many women in responsible positions in India and across the world wear lipstick  and make-up. What’s the big deal about it? It only shows that most of the BJP  leaders are mentally bankrupt and that they cannot think of anything better,”
• Women leaders in the BJP — that claimed  to become the first party reserving one-third of party posts for women a few  months ago
• The BJP also believes that the protests only show that the present Government  has not been able to come up with concrete anti-terror measures,”
• journalist-turned-activist

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• 1,028,610,328

• Population First is an NGO working on population and health issues within the  framework of women's rights and social development.

• Population First is a communications and advocacy initative for a balanced,  planned and stable population. Reducing gender imbalances, investing for the  current and future population and reaching the goal of family size of two  children per couple are our key communication objectives.