sarah peachey's List: nhd 2011

• philosophies
• philosophies
• philosophies
• philosophies
• writing
• Greeks
• • revolution of thought (philosophically)
    ancient greece differed dramatically from other nations because more people were allowed to write so more information spread throughtout the nation
    also greece had to trade because it could not soully provide for itself
    trading allowed greeks to experions different religions Philosophies and sciences (reaction to other cultures)
    small city states do to geography lead to many internal battles in greece each city state had its own culture
    wen finally united intellectualy activity slowed
• philosophies
• philosophies
• philosophies
• writing
• writing
• writing was more a tool of the merchant class
• to keep track of trade,
• Greece, at least in certain city-states, reading and writing was something  “everyone” did.
• mean upper class males
• everyone,
• Women, peasants, and slaves were discouraged from picking up the skill,
• trading
• seafaring
• religions
• sea trading gives you is contact with a great variety of civilizations
• philosophies and sciences.
• Greeks, on the other hand, were divided into many small city-states
• unique,
• fiercely independent
• bickering and often fighting. 
• Greece was
• united under Macedonian rule
• • diiferent categories of Philosophy
    Metaphysic
    materialism
    idealism
    epistemology
    empiricism
    rationalism
    ethics
    hedonism
    cynicism
• metaphysics
• basic categories of philosophy
• materialism
• idealism
• epistemology.
• empiricism
• rationalism
• ethics
• cynicism
• hedonism
• • Ionians tried to figure out wat earth is made of (solid liquid gas)
    and mapped the mediterean
• • italy greeks created school to studies (women treated equally to men)
    geometry - pathagreum therum
    doubted greek gods (only one god )
• Women were treated as equals
• 300 years
• • abderan -everything had a sole
    democritus did not beleive in god

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• evolution
• existed since the
• evolution-like ideas
• evolution
• evolution
• Greeks,
• Greeks did not specifically refer to their concepts as "evolution",
• did have a philosophical notion of descent with modification
• all things originated from water or air
• all things descended from one central, guiding principle
• finally becoming the divine
• medieval times
• Christian theory of special creation
• evolution was quite out of fashion
• all living things came into existence in unchanging forms due to divine will,  was notably in opposition to the concept of evolution.
• German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) developed a concept of descent that  is relatively close to modern thinking
• Based on similarities between organisms
• Carolus Linnaeus
• (1707-1778
• work in hierarchical classification of various organisms
• considered the father of modern taxonomy
• fixed nature of species
• maintained his belief in special creation in the Garden of Eden, consistent with  the Christian doctrine
• hybridization to have been part of God's plan
• distinguished naturalist
• grandfather Erasmus Darwin
• argue that all life could a have a single common ancestor
• never thought of natural selection
• discussed the effects of competition and sexual selection
• adaptation.
• theory stating that the use or disuse of parts could in itself  make them grow or shrink
• (1744-1829
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's
• inheritance of acquired characteristics
• Thomas Malthus' (1766-1834
• theory of population growth
• populations produce many more offspring than can possibly survive on the limited  resources generally available
• poverty, famine, and disease were natural outcomes that resulted from  overpopulation

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