Rabbi Steven Lebow's List: Rock and Roll and Spirituality

• Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, and Deep Purple

  • Led Zeplin, Black Sabbath, Deep Purple- early 1970's Heavy Metal

• Led Zeppelin, made its  live debut. In November, Love Sculpture, with guitarist Dave Edmunds, put out  Blues Helping, featuring a pounding, aggressive version of Khachaturian's "Sabre Dance." The Beatles' so-called White  Album, which also came out that month, included "Helter  Skelter," then one of the heaviest-sounding songs ever released by a major  band.^[71] The Pretty Things'  rock opera S.F. Sorrow, released in  December, featured "proto heavy metal" songs such as "Old Man Going."^[72]

   

   

   

   

  

  Led Zeppelin performing in  June 1969 for the French TV show Tous en scène

   

  In January 1969, Led Zeppelin's self-titled debut album was released and  reached number 10 on the Billboard album chart. In July, Zeppelin  and a power trio with a Cream-inspired,

  • Early developments: Led Zepplin, Love Sculpture, Pretty Things
• Judas Priest helped spur  the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence;

  • Judas Priest and Motorhead- mid 70's Heavy Metal
• Iron Maiden

  • Iron Maiden- New Wave of British Heavy Metal
• "Summertime  Blues," from their debut album Vincebus Eruptum, that many consider the  first true heavy metal recording.^[69] The same month, Steppenwolf  released its self-titled debut album, including "Born to Be Wild," with  its "heavy metal" lyric. In July, another two epochal records came out: The  Yardbirds' "Think About It"—B-side of the band's last single—with a performance  by guitarist Jimmy Page  anticipating the metal sound he would soon make famous; and Iron Butterfly's In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida, with its  17-minute-long title track, a prime candidate for  first-ever heavy metal album. In August, The Beatles' single version of "Revolution," with  its redlined guitar and drum sound, set new standards for distortion in a  top-selling context.

  • Eddie Cochran- WHO- STEPPENWOLF/YARDBIRDS- Jeff Beck, Jimmy Page, Iron Butterfly, Beatles (Revolution)
• Mötley Crüe. Underground scenes  produced an array of more extreme, aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands  such as Metallica,

  • Glam metal- Motley Crue
    Thrash Metal- Metallica
• Metallica, Anthrax, Megadeth, and Slayer.^[106
• A central element of much heavy metal is the guitar solo, a form of cadenza. As the genre developed, more intricate solos  and riffs became an  integral part of the style. Guitarists use sweep-picking, tapping, and other advanced techniques for rapid  playing, and many styles of metal emphasize virtuosic displays.

  • Guitar techniques for Heavy Metal
• ), Blue Öyster  Cult (1972), and Kiss (1974). In Germany, the Scorpions debuted with Lonesome Crow in 1972
• Following the lead set by Jimi Hendrix, Cream and The Who, early heavy metal acts such as Blue Cheer set new benchmarks for  volume. As Blue Cheer's Dick Peterson puts it, "All we knew was we  wanted more power."^[14] Reviewing a  Motörhead

  • Blues and psychedlic rock become Heavy Metal: Hendrix, Cream, Who Blue Cheer
• Death is a predominant theme in heavy metal, routinely featuring in the lyrics  of bands as otherwise widely different as Slayer and W.A.S.P. The more extreme forms of death metal  and grindcore tend to have aggressive and gory lyrics.

  • Death Metal; SLAYER and WASP
• Some heavy metal acts such as Alice Cooper, Kiss, and Gwar  have become

  • Galm rock, into Heavy Metal: KISS and ALICE COOPER
• Iron Butterfly's  debut album, released in early 1968, was titled Heavy. The first recorded use of heavy  metal is a reference to a motorcycle in the Steppenwolf song "Born to Be Wild," also released that year:^[54] "I like smoke and  lightning/Heavy metal thunder/Racin' with the wind/And the feelin' that I'm  under." A late, and disputed, claim about the source of the term was made by "Chas" Chandler, former  manager of the

  • Early uses of the word "Heavy Metal"- STEPPENWOLF and IRON BUTTERFLY
• For example, the 1983 Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll  includes this passage: "known for its aggressive blues-based hard-rock style, Aerosmith was

  • Emergence of the early genre: HUMBLE PIE and AEROSMITH, today not considered Heavy Metal
• The Rolling  Stones and The  Yardbirds developed blues-rock by recording covers of many classic blues  songs, often speeding up the tempos. As  they experimented with the music, the UK blues-based bands—and the U.S. acts  they influenced in turn—developed what would become the hallmarks of heavy  metal, in particular, the loud, distorted guitar sound.^[14] The Kinks played a major role in  popularizing this sound with their 1964 hit "You Really Got Me."^[63] A significant  contributor to the emerging guitar sound was the feedback facilitated by the new generation of  amplifiers.

  • Early antecedents: blues rock; ROLLING STONES and YARDBIRDS, into power chords of KINKS
• dubbed Mountain—played an hour-long set at the Woodstock  Festival.^[73] Grand Funk's debut  album, On Time, also came out  that month. In the fall, Led Zeppelin II went to number 1 and the  album's single "Whole  Lotta Love" hit number 4 on the Billboard pop chart. The metal  revolution was under way.

  • MOUNTAIN and GRAND FUNK

• Uriah Heep  with Very 'eavy... Very 'umble, UFO with UFO 1, and Black Widow with  Sacrifice. Wishbone  Ash, though not commonly identified as metal, introduced a  dual-lead/rhythm-guitar style that many metal bands of the following generation  would adopt. Budgie  brought the new metal sound into a power trio context. The occult lyrics and  imagery employed by Black Sabbath, Uriah Heep, and Black Widow would prove  particularly influential; Led Zeppelin also began foregrounding such elements  with its fourth  album, released in 1971.

   

   

   

   

  

  Tony Iommi and Ozzy Osbourne of Black Sabbath onstage in  January 1973

   

  On the other side

  • WISHBONE ASH

  • Early British Heaby Metal: URIAH HEAP, UFO, BLACK WIDOW
• Based around the clubs of L.A.'s Sunset Strip, bands such as Quiet Riot, Ratt, Mötley Crüe, and W.A.S.P. were

  • la heavy metal; QUIET RIOT, motley crue, ratt,wasp

• By the mid-1980s, glam metal was a dominant presence on the U.S. charts, music television, and  the arena concert circuit. New bands such as L.A.'s Warrant  and acts from the East Coast like Poison and Cinderella became major draws, while Mötley  Crüe and Ratt remained very popular. Bridging the stylistic gap between hard  rock and glam metal, New  Jersey's Bon Jovi became  enormously successful with its third album, Slippery When Wet (1986). The similarly  styled Swedish band Europe became international stars with the The  Final Countdown (1986). Its title track hit number 1 in 25  countries.^[98] In 1987, MTV  launched a show, Headbanger's Ball, devoted exclusively  to heavy metal videos. However, the metal audience had begun to factionalize,  with those in many underground metal scenes favoring more extreme sounds and  disparaging the popular style as "lite metal" or "hair metal."^[99]

  • WARRANT, POISON, CINDERALLA

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