The story centres on
Charles Marlow, who narrates most of the book. He is an Englishman who takes a foreign assignment from a Belgian trading company as a river-boat captain in Africa.
Heart of Darkness exposes the dark side of Belgian colonization while exploring the three levels of darkness that the protagonist, Marlow, encounters: the darkness of the Congo wilderness, the darkness of the Belgians' cruel treatment of the natives, and the unfathomable darkness within every human being for committing heinous acts of evil.
[2] Although Conrad does not give the name of the river, at the time of writing the
Congo Free State, the location of the large and important
Congo River, was a private colony of Belgium's
King Leopold II. In the story, Marlow is employed to transport
ivory downriver. However, his more pressing assignment is to return
Kurtz, another ivory trader, to civilization, in a cover-up. Kurtz has a reputation throughout the region.