individuals and groups by law enforcement officials, even partially, on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, or religion, except when there is trustworthy information, relevant to the locality and timeframe, that links persons belonging to one of the aforementioned groups to an identified criminal incident or scheme. As documented in the AIUSA report
Threat and Humiliation: Racial Profiling, National Security, and Human Rights in the United States, the U.S. continues to use race, color, ethnicity, national origin and religion as a proxy for criminal suspicion, in violation of international treaties to which it is party. The clear alternative is for law enforcement to focus on actual criminal behavior rather than characteristics such as race, religion, ethnicity, or nationality.