Cade and three of his colleagues began researching the problem, speculating that the loss of electrolytes--mainly sodium and potassium--through perspiration was lowering the energy and endurance of the athletes. They then monitored the freshmen football team and discovered their idea was correct. The electrolytes were out of balance and blood sugar was too low. The doctors devised a
drink made simply of water with some salt and sugar added, a lousy-tasting liquid that nobody could stand to imbibe. Cade's wife suggested adding lemon juice and that did the trick. Gatorade was born.