• Copyright law is the engine of free expression in our society and a major building block of the U.S. economy. Our national system of copyright law, which the Office administers, plays an essential role in the creation, promotion, and dissemination of American works of authorship throughout the world, and sustains businesses large and small in the information, entertainment, and technology sectors. The Office’s legal and policy functions help shape the future of copyright on a global scale, while the Office’s copyright registration system provides an authoritative record of American creativity.  The Office oversees statutory licensing programs for certain types of copyrighted works, and enriches the Library of Congress’s collections by ensuring that authors provide copies of their works to the Library in connection with the Copyright Act’s mandatory deposit provisions.

• Plagiarism is using someone else's work without giving proper credit - a failure to cite adequately.  
  
   Copyright infringement is using someone else's creative work, which can include a song, a video, a movie clip, a piece of visual art, a photograph, and other creative works, without authorization or compensation, if compensation is appropriate. 
  

• Plagiarism

   

   Plagiarism is using someone else's work without giving proper credit. Schools deal with plagiarism by giving the cheaters academic consequences. Most teachers will give F grades for plagiarized work, and some will do more. When I was a teaching assistant at Stanford University, some students were suspended for copying answers during a test. 

   

   Plagiarism doesn't have to include copyright infringement. For example, William Shakespeare's plays are not copyrighted because they're too old. Even though it would technically be legal to copy from one of those plays for an English assignment, it would still be plagiarism if you didn't give credit to Shakespeare. Your teacher may not be able to take you to court over it, but she can certainly give you an F. You might even get suspended or expelled from school. Even though copying one sentence from a Web site is legal according to United States copyright laws, that may still count as plagiarism in your teacher's book.

• . Rights and responsibilities is a key area of internet safety, with out it you leave your self upon to many different online attacks from fraud, to online bullying. The three main areas of rights and responsibilities are AUP, Use online material ethically, Report cyberbullies and threats.
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• “Independent learning is a process, a method and a philosophy of education whereby a learner acquires knowledge by his or her own efforts and develops the ability for enquiry and critical evaluation”

• Ethics 

   
   
  1. The decisions, choices, and actions (behaviors) we make that reflect and enact our values.
   
  2. The study of what we understand to be good and right behavior and how people make those judgments. (From "What is the Difference Between Ethics, Morals and Values?", Frank Navran)
   
  3. A set of standards of conduct that guide decisions and actions based on duties derived from core values. (From "The Ethics of Non-profit Management," Stephen D. Potts)
   
  4. There are many definitions as to what ethics encompasses:
       * The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation;
       * Decisions, choices, and actions we make that reflect and enact our values;
       * A set of moral principles or values;
       * A theory or system of moral values; and/or
       * A guiding philosophy.
       (From "Creating a Workable Company Code of Conduct," 2003, Ethics Resource Center)

• Academic integrity is the term used to refer to some of the most important values of the university community.
• high standards and expectations for the quality and honesty of our own work, and for the work of other members of the academic community.

• Academic work is like building blocks as the work of one academic builds upon another, therefore, it is imperative that we acknowledge and properly document the sources of information that we are using. This will also ensure that others can locate the original information if they want to know more.

    

• n practical terms, demonstrating academic integrity means:

     
   
  • doing our academic work well and with honesty, and
   
  • giving credit to other people′s work by indicating when we are using their ideas by citing (referencing) the original source.
   
     
• As a student, to have academic integrity means that you have adopted principles or standards that consistently govern how you pursue your school work. A student with academic integrity earns a degree with honest effort, and knows that this degree is a true accomplishment reflecting years of hard work and genuine learning. Academic integrity requires you to develop essential skills including research, writing, and documenting.

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• Like most new technologies, the blogosphere (blogging world) is full of new words, terms, and slang used to describe blogs and the act of blogging. To get you started on knowing the lingo, here are some of the many blog-related terms you'll find written online today.
• blog: Short for Web log, a blog is a Web page that serves as a publicly accessible personal journal for an individual. Typically updated daily, blogs often reflect the personality of the author.
• blogging: The act of writing or updating your blog.

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• Networked Life looks at how our world is connected -- socially, strategically and technologically -- and why it matters.

   

  The answers to the questions above are related. They have been the subject of a fascinating intersection of disciplines, including computer science, physics, psychology, sociology, mathematics, economics and finance. Researchers from these areas all strive to quantify and explain the growing complexity and connectivity of the world around us, and they have begun to develop a rich new science along the way.

   

  Networked Life will explore recent scientific efforts to explain social, economic and technological structures -- and the way these structures interact -- on many different scales, from the behavior of individuals or small groups to that of complex networks such as the Internet and the global economy.

• A social networking service is an online service, platform, or site that focuses on facilitating the building of social networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections. A social network service consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered as a social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service usually means an individual-centered service whereas online community services are group-centered. Social networking sites allow users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests within their individual networks.

•   

  Viral Videos are online videos which gain mass popularity through Internet Sharing, such as entertainment websites, e-mail messages or suggesting a friend watch it. Heavy.com and Youtube.com are two well-known examples of media sharing websites which contain viral videos. 
• The term "viral video" refers to video clip content which gains widespread popularity through the process of Internet sharing, typically through email or instant messages, blogs, and other media-sharing websites, such as YouTube. Viral videos are often humorous in nature and may range from televised comedy sketches such as Saturday Night Live's Lazy Sunday to unintentionally-released amateur video clips like Star Wars Kid. 
  

• Wiki is a piece of server software that allows users to freely create and edit Web page content using any Web browser. Wiki supports hyperlinks and has a simple text syntax for creating new pages and crosslinks between internal pages on the fly.

  Wiki is unusual among group communication mechanisms in that it allows the organization of contributions to be edited in addition to the content itself.

  Like many simple concepts, "open editing" has some profound and subtle effects on Wiki usage. Allowing everyday users to create and edit any page in a Web site is exciting in that it encourages democratic use of the Web and promotes content composition by nontechnical users.

• Every year new phrases, words and terms pop up that we've never seen or heard before and become a part of our collective vocabulary. Some of them become so popular they instantly attain "meme" status.

• The biggest web community for informal mutual support - P2P as in people-to-people.

• ‘The term ‘multimodality’ describes approaches to representation that assume communication and meaning-making are about more than just language. Multimodality takes into account the many different modes in printed and on-screen texts (such as image, layout, colour and language) and also the different modes that people use as they engage in face-to-face interaction (such as gesture, gaze, artefacts and language), and considers how these modes work together to create meanings in a ‘multimodal ensemble’.

• The importance of the distinction is this: As Digital Immigrants learn – like all immigrants, some better than others – to adapt to their environment, they always retain, to some degree, their “accent,” that is, their foot in the past. The “digital immigrant accent” can be seen in such things as turning to the Internet for information second rather than first, or in reading the manual for a program rather than assuming that the program itself will teach us to use it. Today’s older folk were “socialized” differently from their kids, and are now in the process of learning a new language. And a language learned later in life, scientists tell us, goes into a different part of the brain.

   

  There are hundreds of examples of the digital immigrant accent. They include printing out your email (or having your secretary print it out for you – an even “thicker” accent); needing to print out a document written on the computer in order to edit it (rather than just editing on the screen); and bringing people physically into your office to see an interesting web site (rather than just sending them the URL). I’m sure you can think of one or two examples of your own without much effort. My own favorite example is the “Did you get my email?” phone call. Those of us who are Digital Immigrants can, and should, laugh at ourselves and our “accent.”

• "Digital native" is a term for people born in the digital era, i.e., Generation X and younger. This group is also referred to as the "iGeneration" or is described as having been born with "digital DNA." In contrast, the term "digital immigrant" refers to those born before about 1964 and who grew up in a pre-computer world. The terms "digital immigrants" and "digital natives" were popularized and elaborated upon by Dr. Mark Prensky (2001) and critiqued for their validity and usefulness by Harding (2010) among others. In the most general terms, digital natives speak and breathe the language of computers and the culture of the web into which they were born, while digital immigrants will never deal with technology as naturally as those who grew up with it.

• Information that seems truthful, relevant and based on unbiased facts, but has been concocted to mislead the recipient in order to attain fraudulent monetary, military, political, or religious objectives. The information explosion has been continuously shadowed by an almost equally powerful disinformation explosion, especially on the internet.

• ocial Literacy as (i) the power of identity in groups, and (ii) the process of defining and expanding social groupings to further our aims (p. 93). Although the recent emergence of online social networking tools has reminded us of the need for librarians to facilitate social literacy, it is an issue that has been present and in need of attention in libraries much longer than Facebook has been around.

• Definition: “Collaborative media” is the term we use to refer to digital media that enables broad-range participation where the distinctions between production, consumption and design are dissolving.

• Definition of privacy
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  noun

  [mass noun]

  • a state in which one is not observed or disturbed by other people: she returned to the privacy of her own home
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  • the state of being free from public attention: a law to restrict newspapers' freedom to invade people’s privacy