BBC News Middle East. Obstacles to Arab-Israeli Peace: Jerusalem. n.d. Web. 30 April
Hasan Ismail's List: 1967 Six Day War - 4th Quarter
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Apr 29, 12
In 1948 Israel declared itself as a state, causing chaos throughout the Arab world. Immediately after doing so, it was attacked by six neighboring Arab nations. However, these Arab nations fell short of defeating Israel, thus marking the beginning of the infamous Arab-Israeli conflict. Nineteen years later, the conflict did not cease to exist, causing possibly the biggest (for lack of a better word) war between the two: the Six Day War. The war led to the ultimate expansion of Israel, earning Israel the right to believe that they were no longer a state without power. Not only did the Six Day War increase Israeli identity, but also “brought the plight of the Palestinians firmly before the eyes of the world,” as “widespread of sympathy for the hundreds of thousands of refugees crammed into squalid camps grew” (Stewart 46). The 1967 Arab-Israeli War proved to be a tipping point in modern world history.
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Apr 29, 12
**Knowledge from books, articles, and discussions - all from Mrs. Kapner.
1967 Arab-Israeli War:
- Takes place over 6 day in June.
- Israel makes pre-emptive strike because they believe Egypt is going to attack.
Lands annexed/occupied:
- Golan Heights - annexed
- East Jerusalem - annexed **Western Wall is located here
- West Bank - occupied
- Gaza Strip - occupied
- Sinai Peninsula - Traded for peace
Causes:
- American aid to Israel
- Fatah attacking Israeli villages since they were based in Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon, all bordering Israel.
- Israel was afraid of what happened in 1948, so they made a pre-emptive strike.
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Apr 29, 12
Print Source (Wagner):
(Pg. 48)
- Syria was compelled to take in 100,000 refugees from the Golan Heights.
- Jordan was not the only country who dealt with refugees. However, it lost two major cities-Jerusalem and Bethlehem-damaging the economy greatly.
- Israel now had four times the land it had following the War of Independence (1948).
(Pg. 48-49)
- Several Israelis now went to East Jerusalem for pilgrimage since it had not been open to them for the past twenty years.
Wagner, Heather L. Israel and the Arab world. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2002. Print.
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Apr 30, 12
Print Source (Harper)
(Pg.50)
- Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) formed in 1964
- Fatah (victory) was the group of Palestinians in the PLO
- Led by Yasser Arafat
- All Arab nations bordering Israel tried suppressing the PLO actions except Syria
(Pg.51-52)
- "Israel's parliament, the Knesset, passed a law incorporating the predominantly Arab Old City of Jerusalem, into one city under Israeli rule, an annexation unanimously declared to be illegal by the UN General Assembly on July 4, 1967."
- "As with the territory it had captured in 1948, it again seized land, exiled inhabitants, destroyed Arab villages, and began to establish Jewish settlements. But unlike the 1948 war, despite the second Palestinian exodus, the territories acquired in 1967 still contained a large Arab population. (around 1 million).
Harper, Paul. The Arab-Israeli issue. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Enterprises, 1987. Print.
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Apr 29, 12
**Taken from books, articles, and discussions - all from Mrs. Kapner.
- Israel now gained 5 new territories:
- They occupied the Gaza Strip and West Bank
- They annexed the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem (where the Western Wall is located)
- They later traded Sinai for peace
- This is important because now the Israelis are starting to become a nation that has the ability to occupy territories, expanding their geography, rather than keeping what they had.
- By gaining the Sinai, Israel was able to later make peace with Egypt.
- Both Palestinian and Jewish identity now increased, because before this war, Palestinians were considered 'Arabs', until Yassir Arafat stepped up to be the spokesman for the PLO.
- The Israeli Jews now had access to the Western Wall by annexing East Jerusalem (Jordan had control over it before).
- Jewish Settlements would also later form.
- The three issues stopping peace:
- Future of Jerusalem
- Jewish Settlements in the occupied territories.
- The Palestinian right to return
- Where would the Palestinian refugees go?
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Apr 30, 12
Print Source (Ross)
(Pg.44-45)
- After the Six Day War, The Israelis felt much more secure behind the Suez Canal, Jordan River, and the Golan Heights.
- They were finally in a strong position against their Arab nations - it took nineteen years.
(Pg. 46)
- After the war, many Arab nations realized that they were probably never going to defeat their enemy. Therefore, some began to start towards negotiating a peace settlement with Israel.
- The war made the world realize the Palestinian case.
- The fact that there were several Palestinian Arabs in Israel damaged Israel's public image.
- International sympathy for the Palestinians.
Ross, Stewart. The Arab-Israeli conflict. Austin, TX: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1996. Print.
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The victory of 1967 and the capture of East Jerusalem was an exhilarating time for Jews, both religious and secular.
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The Israeli Jews finally captured their 'holy' land.
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The Cold War Museum. Six Day War. The Cold War Museum. n.d. Web. 30 April 2012.
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On the first day of war, over 90% of Egyptian aircraft were destroyed and Egyptian units in the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula were defeated.
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- Israel's army was already so strong to the point that after the first day of war, they had already almost defeated Egypt's entire air force as well as their units in the WB and GS.
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Apr 29, 12
In 1967, a pivotal point in both Palestinian and Israeli history occurred, as the two belligerent peoples fought for what they believed was right. The Israelis finally established themselves as a force not to be dealt with by concurring and occupying land that was believed to be there’s. However, by doing so, they increased the international sympathy towards the Palestinian cause, forming over a million Palestinian refugees throughout the Arab world. The Six Day War will remain a significant event due to its impact on the Arab-Israeli conflict, as well as the world today, causing mayhem throughout the Arab-Israeli world.
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Apr 30, 12
BBC News Middle East. Obstacles to Arab-Israeli Peace: Jerusalem. n.d. Web. 30 April 2012.
The Cold War Museum. Six Day War. The Cold War Museum. n.d. Web. 30 April 2012.
Harper, Paul. The Arab-Israeli issue. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Enterprises, 1987. Print.
Ross, Stewart. The Arab-Israeli conflict. Austin, TX: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1996. Print.
Wagner, Heather L. Israel and the Arab world. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2002. Print.
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