Erik Schemonia's List: DGL Vocabulary

• Digital immigrants are also clearly a highly diverse group in terms of their attitudes and capacities in regard to digital technologies.
• Avoiders: We have all met avoiders among the digital immigrants. They prefer a lifestyle that leaves them relatively technology-free or with minimal-technology. They tend to have landlines, no cell phone and no email account. They do not Tweet or Facebook, and what is highly illustrative for this group is that they do not see much value in these activities.
• Reluctant adopters realize technology is a part of today's world and they try to engage with it, but it feels alien and unintuitive. This group is widely diverse and probably includes most of the digital immigrant group. While they may have a basic cell phone, they do not text if they can help it. They may use Google occasionally, do not have a Facebook account, check their emails intermittently and perhaps have surrendered to online banking. This group is defined more by its cautious and tentative attitude towards digital technology rather than by its willingness to use these technologies.
• Enthusiastic adopters are the digital immigrants who have the potential to keep up with natives, due to their ease, capacity, and interest in using technology. They may be high-tech executives, programmers, businesspeople and others who embrace technology and immerse themselves in the Internet culture. This group sees the value of technology and does their best to make use of it. Some members of this group - very few - are of the Bill Gates variety, and have a knack for these things despite their status as digital immigrants. Members of this group text, use Skype, have and use a Facebook account (recognizing that this is the best way to interact with their kids in a favored medium and connect with old friends), check email regularly, and are excited about new gadgets and tech developments. They may also keep a blog, and they have a website if they are in business.

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• The Oxford English Dictionary (1989) defines the term “native” as something innate, inherent, belonging. In contrast, the term “immigrant” describes something that arrives at a new place to settle. As these definitions suggest, the native (i.e., student) belongs and the immigrant (i.e., instructor) does not. Stated another way, the position of the student is privileged and viewed as superior in this technology–driven society.

• In contrast, the instructor and others who lack these “superior” skills are marginalized, which is dangerous (e.g., Sandford, 2006). The digital native–digital immigrant metaphor segregates the individuals who are assigned these labels and results in an unequal power structure. It also implies that the immigrant can never become a native, which may serve to excuse individuals without tech skills (e.g., I don’t know how to fix the computer, because I’m a digital immigrant.).

    
• The field of education has readily accepted the distinction that is accomplished through the native–immigrant metaphor (e.g., Bayne and Ross, 2007). Moreover, this rhetoric is often used to fuel proposals to radically change education. Through this one–size fits all characterization (Krause, 2007), students are viewed as a similar group of customers whose needs must be fulfilled. Bayne and Ross (2007) argued that the needs of these students become a “proxy for market needs.” [4] Instructors, in turn, are informed that they must modify their teaching practices to accommodate the learning styles and practices of their customers — these young, tech–savvy individuals. What is overlooked is the simplicity of these labels and their inability to address the complexity of the students who enter the physical and the digital classroo

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• The digital natives of today have been born into an always-on culture. For many children that are growing up with early adopters for parents, they have never known a time without cell phones, they have never known a time without wireless internet buzzing through the walls of their home.

• A digital native is an individual who was born after the widespread adoption of digital technology. The term digital native doesn't refer to a particular generation. Instead, it is a catch-all category for children who have grown up using technology like the Internet, computers and mobile devices. This exposure to technology in the early years is believed to give digital natives a greater familiarity withand understanding of technology than people who were born before it was widespread.

• A growing body of research on digital natives is started to emerge. A digital native can be defined as a person who was born after the introduction of digital technology. Digital Natives use online services like Facebook, YouTube, Hulu, and Twitter on various digital technologies, such as smart phones or a tablet device. Digital Natives have blended their online life with their offline life.

• having more than one mode.

• : having or involving several modes, modalities, or maxima <multimodal distributions> <multimodal therapy>
• relating to, having, or utilizing more than one mode or modality (as of stimulation or treatment) <multimodal cancer therapy involving surgery, immunotherapy, and radiation>

• A society, or a human society, is a group of people involved with each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or social territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. Human societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions; a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent members. In the social sciences, a larger society often evinces stratification and/or dominance patterns in subgroups.

• 1 : an idea, belief or belief system, or pattern of behavior that spreads throughout a culture either vertically by cultural inheritance (as by parents to children) or horizontally by cultural acquisition (as by peers, information media, and entertainment media)  
   
  2 : a pervasive thought or thought pattern that replicates itself via cultural means; a parasitic code, a virus of the mind especially contagious to children and the impressionable
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  Used to give a bit of pseudo-academic gravitas to stupid viral shit.
  
  A 'meme' doesn't have to be funny, provocative or even make sense. Most memes fall into one of three categories:
  
  - 'Quirky' stuff that isn't funny. 
  - Pathetic stuff that fills you with vicarious despair. 
  - Revolting pictures that could be presented to some alien jury as evidence that humanity is cancer.

• The dictionary definition, and Dawkins's (1976) original conception of the meme, both include the idea that memes are copied from one person to another by imitation.
• There are many ways of defining the meme but there are two that we should perhaps take particularly seriously. First, Dawkins, who coined the term meme, described memes as units of cultural transmission which "propagate themselves in the meme pool by ... a process which, in the broad sense, can be called imitation" (Dawkins, 1976 p 192). Second, the Oxford English Dictionary defines a meme as follows: "meme (mi:m), n. Biol. (shortened from mimeme ... that which is imitated, after GENE n.). An element of a culture that may be considered to be passed on by non-genetic means, esp. imitation". Both these definitions include the critical point that memes are cultural information that is copied, and that it is copied by imitation. The OED is arguably the most important dictionary of the English language and is, as far as I know, the first to include the word `meme'. It would be unfortunate if memeticists began to use definitions of the meme that were incompatible with the dictionary definition, unless there were good reasons for doing so.
• Some technical definitions are quite unlike the dictionary one, but are nonetheless perfectly compatible with it. A good example is Wilkins's: "A meme is the least unit of sociocultural information relative to a selection process that has favourable or unfavourable selection bias that exceeds its endogenous tendency to change.

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• An Internet meme is a cultural phenomenon that spreads from one person to another online.

   

  A meme spread online could be just about anything that is voluntarily shared, including phrases, images, rumors and audio or video files. An Internet meme might originate and stay online. However, frequently memes cross over and may spread from the offline world to online or vice-versa.

• 
    

  The word Wiki is derived from Hawaiian word "wiki-wiki" which means "Quick". It started in 1995 by Ward Cunningham who wanted to develop an easy authoring tool that would help people publish on the web.

  
    

  Wikis are a collaborative online tool. Wikis can be viewed and modified by anyone or a group of people. As each member of a group edits and creates new pages, wiki software track changes so that users can see all revisions made to a document and by whom.

• Wiki is in Ward's original description:

  The simplest online database that could possibly work.

  Wiki is a piece of server software that allows users to freely create and edit Web page content using any Web browser. Wiki supports hyperlinks and has a simple text syntax for creating new pages and crosslinks between internal pages on the fly.

  Wiki is unusual among group communication mechanisms in that it allows the organization of contributions to be edited in addition to the content itself.

• Ward Cunningham, the man behind the very first wiki, described it as "the simplest online database that could possibly work." But, while this sounds good rolling off the tongue, it is not very descriptive, and to be honest, not entirely accurate.

    

  A better description would be a wiki is the simplest collaborative content management system that could possibly work. Sounds complicated, huh? That might be why Ward Cunningham chose not to describe it that way, but it really is a more accurate description because it pinpoints that special something that have caused wikis to burn through the web like a wildfire.

• That is what makes a wiki tick. It pools together the knowledge of a group of people to create the best possible resource. So, in effect, an article becomes the sum of knowledge of the people who worked on the article. And, just like in Trivial Pursuit when we can do better when we are on a team, an article becomes better when it is created by a team.

• A social networking service is an online service, platform, or site that focuses on facilitating the building of social networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections. A social network service consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered as a social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service usually means an individual-centered service whereas online community services are group-centered. Social networking sites allow users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests within their individual networks.

• Alternatively referred to as a virtual community or profile site, a social network is a web site on the Internet that brings people together in a central location to talk, share ideas, share interests, make new friends, etc. This type of collaboration and sharing of data is often referred to as social media. Unlike traditional media that is often created by no more than 10 people, social media sites contain content that has been created by hundreds or even millions of different people.

• Social networking is the grouping of individuals into specific groups, like small rural communities or a neighborhood subdivision, if you will.  Although social networking is possible in person, especially in the workplace, universities, and high schools, it is most popular online.
• This is because unlike most high schools, colleges, or workplaces, the internet is  filled with millions of individuals who are looking to meet other people, to gather and share first-hand  information and experiences about cooking, golfing, gardening, developing friendships professional alliances,  finding employment, business-to-business marketing and even groups sharing information about baking cookies to  the Thrive Movement.  The topics and interests are as varied and rich as the story of our  universe.