Ed Skerry's List: Diigo Assignment

This book analyses foreign aid and determines how successful it is. This will supplement my research as I try to get to the bottom of are we obliged to help people because of globalisation? This book touches on aspects of the aid, putting globalisation in the background. From a brief overvue he touches such aspects of the morality of giving aid, the challanges arisen from supplying aid and how successful are countries efforts and are their contributions just. This source will help me greatly in writing my essay as I try to find answers as to if different nations approaches to aid is worthwhile and what the motives behind the donors are.

This book cites the intergration of economic growth. It suggests that poorer countries cannot play amongst wealthier countries because their "closed" markets can not evolve into the open markets/economies because they have been shut off. Trade liberalisation programs are trying to prevent this (pg 3). Brainard also goes onto discuss evidence on the success of trade liberalisation and has this freeing up actually helped developing countries. This book also looks at the history of intergration of economic markets and the effects it has had on countries. This scholary text will compliment my research as it spins the obligation to help people into the realms of the economy (which is part of globalisation), what are the financial benefits? etc. Has trying to give developing nations an equal right in world trade actually caused more damage? The use of references makes this a reliable source, however it may be slightly dated due its publication in 1995.

This speech from former Labour Foreign Secretary, David Miliband, from reading of week 8, gives a plain arguement that democracy is the key to helping people in other countries, which is a key theme I wish to relate back to in my essay (for example it explains the Marshall Aid given to democratic states by the USA in post-WWII Europe). We must not impose democracy but we must support it in aid and economic influence. Although this speech does not directly compat with globalisation it offers substanital idea's and logic to the principle of what help to other countries should look like. Miliband is correct a democracy, by giving power to the people and abiding by justice and laws is what a country needs to make it a moral entity. \nMiliband is perhaps suggesting that if we give this democratic support to developing nations, they can flourish economically and play a more dominant role in globalisation and world trade. This would inherently better the nations living conditions and disable poverty. This speech is not a direct reference to my study question, yet I shall reference to the idea of democracy is essential in the world. Milibands opinions on the "civilian surge" and support for democracy has put into context what we need to do help others, that developed nations can help others not through obligation but through a morality that the ideal of democracy is needed for a prospering nation. Thus we should aim to spread it. When using this source I will retain caution due to any political spin it may have embedded within it.

Chapter 10 of this book gives great relation to my area of study regarding obligation to help others. Michael Pugh points out examples of the failures of the UN's prorogative, eg the redundance of intervention in Rwanda in 1994... He also explains the intergration of Humanitarianism and Humanitarian Intervention. "the limits of the current forms of peacekeeping and humanitarianism lie in the inherent contradictions of an unstable interstate capitalist system attempting to govern its instability". Pugh suggests that this gives evidence that there is abuse of people by the state and substate organisations. The books is also good for gaining a much larger idea of the globalised world and what causes it gives to help others in other countries. Capital markets will create unfairness and inequality but we have organisations such as the UN and humanitarians to try and fight for the rights of nations in need of help.

Andrew Dobson investigates the idea of Cosmopolitanism and the "weak or thin connections between human communites". He goes into the question of Thomas Pogge asking if we live in such an advanced and "moral" western world, why do large parts of the world still suffer from poverty. Dobson looks at the motivation that causes an obligation to help people in other countries and calls it "thick or thin cosmopolitanism". He goes on to pose such analogies that maybe we are only more obliged to help if we can see the actual causes or are directly affected ourselves here in the Western world. This academic writing is supurb for my investigation in to does globalisation make us more obliged to help people in other countries because it directly links the technological and economic aspects of globalisation to causes of poverty and inequality and the Western worlds reaction to it.

This article from Goliath Business News offers a firm basis as to how and why globalisation hurts the poor. This is good for my research because I can then build in to why these reasons may make us more obliged to help other people. The article offers some empirical evidence to support its opinions and references, making it a sound and coherent means for my investigation.

This academic paper also points out a basis for my investigation. It offers many examples of capital trade causeing an unfair and unequal world. It draws upon many references and sources for Nissanke's investigation. It also explains why we may not be so obliged to help people in other countries, as pro-poverty globalisation causes slower economic growth rates and less capital. This goes to show how inmoral many corporations are and the defiencies of a capital market. This is once again a reliable source for my investigation as it sits neatly in creating a more rounded view for the basis of my research and essay.

This blog from www.movingtheworld.org suffers from lack of academic reference which will give me caution whilst extracting information from it. However it offers some refecltive thought into why we feel obliged to help people in other countries. It says many of these may be negative reasons, but we need to find positive reasons- this ties into the cosmopolitanist idealogy of we are all human beings-isn't that enough to help people. It also suggests how poverty-world hunger is never in the forefront of news as our natural disasters, which receive great aid from people all over the developed and undeveloped world. Is world hunger put to the back bench of world media because it is something we-in the western world are creating via globalisation and capital economies?

This blog has offered me great food for thought into my research and widened my idea storming for my essay.

This website shows evidence of the most generous nations in the developed world. The USA's government is proven to be the most stingiest and succumbed to an ideal of national interest. It also offers opinions from Davies and Sardars' "Why do People Hate America?" and also Heater and Berridges' "Introduction to International Politics". The evidence shows that some nations will offer aid to others because they have to, and by tieing aid, manage to look and feel an important actor in offering global aid. It is a good source for my research because it shows stats as to which countries do help the most and what are there motives ie "are they obliged" or "they realise the effects of capital world markets therefore see it just that something has to be done about those it effects negatively"

Donna Shalala: Former US Secretary of Health and Human services shows evidence that organisations do believe in a fairer world for developing nations. This video centres on Health Aid and suggests how younger generations need to be encouraged to take in interest in service around the world. This video shows not an obligation to help others from the consequences of globalisation but a want and desire.

This is good primary evidence for my research because it shows the views of humanitarian and peace activists which goes to show that we are not merely obliged to help, but must help people in other countries in order to keep human rights justified.

Video explaining how unfair and unjust the World Bank and WTO are. Why people have no decision in their lives? In favour of demolishing WB and WB. Why can't we abolish debt of third world countries. This is evidence to show that capitilism is not a cause for helping other people and that corporate organisations don't care due to profit interests, this is against neo liberalism because the video suggests why can't we have a cap on organisations?! It is suggesting that we need to help people in other countries, and this is solidified via images of mass activism etc..This is a good resource for my investigation as it explains the effect large corporations such as the IMF and WB have on the world. Globalisation can seen as the spread of capitalism-thus effecting the poorer people of whom we need to help.

This acedemic writing points out a number of issues relating to the obligation of helping people in other countries due to globalisation. Trachtman argues that there is a fear that extreme poverty has a link to terrorism, something of which the western world should sincerly fear and amend. He also comments that the economic law will change in time to better extreme poverty and that this has been thought of since the founding of GATT in 1947. Trachtman also explains the Doha Development Agenda and the 2002 Johannesburg Summit, showing that there actions being taken and we do feel obliged to help people in other countries. This article will aid me in supplying evidence of examples that we are obliged on moral grounds of human rights to help people in other countries by referencing Foreign Aid, Acts and Treaties from accross the globe.

This Journal by Jon Mandle from "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science" on Globalisation and Justice suggests that we have an obligation to "ensure that the basic terms of {these} interactions are just". Interactions refering to globalisation. He also argues that two proposals would help to carry out these justifications; A global resource dividend and a Tobin Tax, of which these would work within markets. Mandle states that the paths of globalistion are unpredictable. There are also chapters on Ethical Theory, Politcal Legitimacy, Justice and Realism, Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism. This text should assist me in discoverying what are the moral implications of Global Justice, what is the correct way to look at our world and the effects globalisation has upon developing nations.

This news article from September 2010 displays ex labour PM Gordon Brown exclaiming that rich countries are not doing enough in the global arena in aiding poor countries-the UK was the only country to meet its UN proposed targets of international development aid. This article gives me an example of world leaders compainging for more to be do regarding the obligation to helping people in other worlds. This article however does not give much reference to globalisation yet it will still come in useful when discussing morality of obligation to help people in other countries and what is being done and other countries excuses as to why it's not being done.

This video looks at the IMF and its "secretive" actions. This documentary, which is highly negative towards the IMF and World Bank, suggests that the IMF could have defected the 1998 Financial collapse. It also comments that it is holding back the development of poor countries by not dispersing wealth around the globe. Although this documentary is not directly linked to my essay it offers an analysis on why economic globalisation is forcing us(individuals) to aid developing countries.

This text is an advised reading for the module, it displays a broad range of matters relating to why globalisation makes us feel obligated to help people in other countries. It also sets out the responsibilty to protect and the just causes of military interception. The authors pay special attention to Humanitarian Intervention, non-intervention and principles of sovereignty. This text will be a good point of reference for my essay because it has a broad history and analysis of subjects relating to my specific area of study.

This book by the late twentieth centure's liberal political philospher offers the theory from which globalisation should retain itself to. That being "Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot overide. Therefore, in a just society the rights secured by justice are not sunject to politcal bargaining or to the calculus of social interests". John Rawls will be a good philospher to reference as the basis of why we have an obligation to help people in other countries.

This empirical data displays information on which countries offer the most aid to poorer countries. The UK and most of western Europe excel in foriegn aid. The USA often bonds its aid to financial ties so that in reality its aid is not as effective as it ought to be for such a wealthy nation. This will be possibly be useful to reference in my essay showing evidence to who are the most generous nations and why they are so.

This University research paper by Professor Bardhan analyses whether globalisation is helping or hindering the worlds poor by looking at economic evidence and examples. He goes onto to use first hand case studies from Indians and explains why poverty is decreasing in India and China. This will be a very good resource for my essay as I try to link the impact globalisation has on poor individuals of the world.

This Declaration of Responsibilities and Human Duties was published on the 50th Anniversery of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was orginally set out by the UN in 1948. This will help my investigation as it is primary evidence of what is "believed" to be our moral obligation to helping people in other countries. Has globalisation allowed us to carry out aspects of this declaration? I will be able to reference back to examples for my essay for what is our obligation to help others. I shall also be able to argue and investigave whether or not articles of the declaration are abided by. If they are not, then why is this?