Danielle Gonzalez's List: Digital Literacy Vocabulary

• Digital literacy is the ability to effectively and critically navigate, evaluate and create information using a range of digital technologies. It requires one "to recognize and use that power, to manipulate and transform digital media, to distribute pervasively, and to easily adapt them to new forms".^[1] Digital literacy does not replace traditional forms of literacy, it builds upon the foundation of traditional forms of literacy.^[2] Digital literacy is the marrying of the two terms digital and literacy, however, it is much more than a combination of the two terms. Digital information is a symbolic representation of data, and literacy refers to the ability to read for knowledge, write coherently, and think critically about the written word.
• Research around digital literacy is concerned with wider aspects associated with learning how to effectively find, use, summarize, evaluate, create, and communicate information while using digital technologies; not just being literate at using a computer.
• Digital literacy encompasses all digital devices, such as computer hardware, software, the Internet, and cell phones. A person using these skills to interact with society may be called a digital citizen.

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• Digital literacy is the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information requiring both cognitive and technical skills.

• Nine Themes of Digital Citizenship
• Digital citizenship can be defined as the norms of appropriate, responsible behavior with regard to technology use.
• Digital Access:   full electronic participation in society.
• Technology users need to be aware that not everyone has the same opportunities when it comes to technology.  Working toward equal digital rights and supporting electronic access is the starting point of Digital Citizenship
• Users need to keep in mind that there are some that may have limited access, so other resources may need to be provided.  To become productive citizens, we need to be committed to make sure that no one is denied digital access.
• Digital Commerce:   electronic buying and selling of goods.
• Technology users need to understand that a large share of market economy is being done electronically.
• At the same time, an equal amount of goods and services which are in conflict with the laws or morals of some countries are surfacing (which might include activities such as illegal downloading, pornography, and gambling). Users need to learn about how to be effective consumers in a new digital economy. 
• Digital Communication:   electronic exchange of information.
• wide variety of choices (e.g., e-mail, cellular phones, instant messaging).  The expanding digital communication options have changed everything because people are able to keep in constant communication with anyone else. Now everyone has the opportunity to communicate and collaborate with anyone from anywhere and anytime.
• Digital Literacy:   process of teaching and learning about technology and the use of technology.
• A renewed focus must be made on what technologies must be taught as well as how it should be used. New technologies are finding their way into the work place that are not being used in schools (e.g., videoconferencing, online sharing spaces such as wikis).
• In other words, learners must be taught to learn anything, anytime, anywhere.
• As new technologies emerge, learners need to learn how to use that technology quickly and appropriately. Digital Citizenship involves educating people in a new way— these individuals need a high degree of information literacy skills.
  
• Digital Etiquette:   electronic standards of conduct or procedure.
• We recognize inappropriate behavior when we see it, but before people use technology they do not learn digital etiquette (i.e., appropriate conduct).
• It is not enough to create rules and policy, we must teach everyone to become responsible digital citizens in this new society.
  
• Digital Law:   electronic responsibility for actions and deeds
• Digital law deals with the ethics of technology within a society. Unethical use manifests itself in form of theft and/or crime. Ethical use manifests itself in the form of abiding by the laws of society.
• These laws apply to anyone who works or plays online. Hacking into others information, downloading illegal music, plagiarizing, creating destructive worms, viruses or creating Trojan Horses, sending spam, or stealing anyone’s identify or property is unethical.
• Digital Rights & Responsibilities:   those freedoms extended to everyone in a digital world.
• Digital citizens have the right to privacy, free speech, etc. Basic digital rights must be addressed, discussed, and understood in the digital world.  With these rights also come responsibilities as well.  Users must help define how the technology is to be used in an appropriate manner.
• Digital Health & Wellness:   physical and psychological well-being in a digital technology world.
• Eye safety, repetitive stress syndrome, and sound ergonomic practices are issues that need to be addressed in a new technological world.  Beyond the physical issues are those of the psychological issues that are becoming more prevalent such as Internet addiction.  Users need to be taught that there inherent dangers of technology. Digital Citizenship includes a culture where technology users are taught how to protect themselves through education and training.
• Digital Security (self-protection):   electronic precautions to guarantee safety.
• It is not enough to trust other members in the community for our own safety.
• We need to have virus protection, backups of data, and surge control of our equipment. As responsible citizens, we must protect our information from outside forces that might cause disruption or harm.
  

• Respect, Educate and Protect (REPs) 

   

  The concept of REPs is a way to explain as well as teach the themes of digital citizenship.
• Each area encompasses three topics which should be taught beginning at the kindergarten level. 

• Respect Your Self/Respect Others

    

  - Etiquette

   

  - Access

   

  - Law

• Educate Your Self/Connect with Others

   

  - Communication

   

  - Literacy

   

  - Commerce

• Protect Your Self/Protect Others

   

  -Rights and Responsibility

   

  - Safety (Security)

   

  - Health and Welfare

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• Digital citizenship is the norms of appropriate, responsible technology use.
• Whether the it is called digital citizenship, digital wellness or digital ethics the issues are the same; how should we act when we are online, and what should be taught to the next generation.

• The digital society is here, so what is digital citizenship? Just as we are citizens of a physical country, so are we citizens of the digital world. Just as we need to obey the laws, and not harm anyone, that same spirit exists in the digital world – and it impacts the physical world as well. The mean words and pictures that are posted online, can hurt people in their daily lives at school and in their community.

  
   

  But citizenship means more than behaving responsibly, it also means that we should be civically engaged: voting, keeping current and having our voice in political matters, and contributing to society. To this end, we need to get accurate information, and decide the verity of political messages that surround us. This same pro-active attitude and behavior also applies to the digital environment. Technology enables us to research significant social issues and to voice our opinions to a global audience.
   
   In short, digital citizenship means the ability to use technology safely, responsibly, critically, and pro-actively to contribute to society.

• Digital identity is a psychological identity that prevails in the domains of cyberspace, and is defined as a set of data that uniquely describes a person or a thing (sometimes referred to as subject or entity) and contains information about the subject's relationships to other entities.^[1] The social identity that an internet user establishes through digital identities in cyberspace is referred to as online identity.

• Digital Identity and Reputation Management consists of the ongoing monitoring and analysis of the online reputation for a brand or individual as represented by all media types across the Social Web.

    

  Your reputation reflects how trustworthy your brand is. Managing your online reputation starts with a transparent Digital Identity that enables you to earn trust and build connections.    Anonymity is no longer an option for those trying to create Social Capital in the networked world.

• Digital identity is all the online information and data specifically about an individual.

   

  Digital identity is made up of elements that fall into four categories (source: Lionel Maurel / Fadhila Brahimi):

   
   
  • Authentication elements: identification number, IP address, email address, user name, password, last name, first name, alias, etc.
   
  • Data: personal, administrative, banking, occupational, social data, etc.
   
  • Identifiers: photograph, avatar, logo, image, etc.
   
  • Digital traces: contributions to blogs and other content management systems, links, etc.

• Digital Security means to protect information. It deals with the prevention and detection of unauthorized actions by users of a computer.This definition by nature, implies the necessity to clearly understand the true value of an organizations proprietary information. It also means that all employees, managers and executives must understand how information might be compromised.
• Confidentiality
• Integrity
• Availability
• Authentication
• Authorization

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• The full definition of Digital Security (self-protection) is: taking necessary precautions to guarantee electronic digital safety. Any digital product can be hacked and stolen, hence the hacker or the theif may and can get personal information of the digital product; comprimising you since amoug the things they can steal is your credit card number, or even your social security number (only in the US). In any society, there are individuals who steal, deface, or disrupt other people. The same is true for the digital community. It is not enough to trust other members in the community for our own safety. In our own homes, we put locks on our doors and fire alarms in our houses to provide some level of protection. The same must be true for the digital security. We need to have virus protection, backups of data, and surge control of our equipment. As responsible citizens, we must protect our information from outside forces that might cause disruption or harm.

• Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness.

• "Critical thinking is the identification  and evaluation of evidence to guide  decision making. A critical thinker  uses broad in-depth analysis of evidence  to make decisions and communicate  his/her beliefs clearly and accurately."
• "Critical thinking is reasonable, reflective thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe and do."

• The term critical thinking refers to the thought processes used to evaluate information and the practice of using such conclusions to guide behavior. The process of critical thinking is associated with accuracy, logic, depth, fairness, credibility, and intellectual clarity. The word “critical” is not used to imply negativity or pessimism, however. Critical thinking merely means that one must not automatically accept the validity of the information he or she is given.

• : the exclusive legal right to reproduce, publish, sell, or distribute the matter and form of something (as a literary, musical, or artistic work)

• Copyright is a legal means of protecting an author's work. It is a type of intellectual property that provides exclusive publication, distribution, and usage rights for the author.

• Copyright refers to laws that regulate the use of the work of a creator, such as an artist or author. This includes copying, distributing, altering and displaying creative, literary and other types of work. Unless otherwise stated in a contract, the author or creator of a work retains the copyright.

• • to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
  • to use (another's production) without crediting the source
  • to commit literary theft
  • to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

  In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

• Plagiarism is when you use someone else's words or ideas and pass them off as your own.

• Plagiarism is using others’   ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information.