Christina Thorpe's List: Digital Law Resources

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    =81.25 (Good)
    
    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.
• • "We created the nine elements of digital citizenship to help bring some clarity to this
    situation, not only in our schools but in our society as well."
• • "Digital Law: the legal rights and restrictions governing technology use"

  • CHAPTER 1: The Basics of Digital Citizenship. (2007). Digital Citizenship in Schools (pp. 7-12). International Society for Technology in Education
• It presents the nine elements of digital citizenship including digital access, digital commerce, digital communication, digital etiquette, digital law, digital rights and responsibilities, digital health and wellness and digital security.

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    =90
    
    Source's website scores excellence in credibility, only lacking a post of revision frequency and found no apparent awards for the site.
• Not only should teaching digital citizenship be required, it should become the primary lens through which our children view the world. Our prosperity, humanity, and even survival may depend on it.

• • Villano, M. (2008). Text unto Others... As You Would Have Them Text unto You. T.H.E. Journal, 35(9), 47-51.
• • This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.

  • EVALUATION:
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    =81.25 (Good)
• "Digital citizenship isn't just about recognizing and dealing with online hazards," the site reads. "It's about building safe spaces and communities, [having students] understand how to manage personal information, and about being internet savvy--using your online presence to grow and shape your world in a safe, creative way, and inspiring others to do the same."
• "Creating good digital citizens involves making students aware of all the things that can happen once you put anything out there on the web," says Cheryl Elzy, dean of university libraries, who runs the project.

• 9 Steps to Building a Good Digital Citizen 

  ACCORDING TO MIKE RIBBLE, director of technology at Manhattan-Ogden Unified School District 383 in Manhattan, KS, nine elements combine to constitute good digital citizenship. Ribble has published his recipe at his website, Digital Citizenship: Using Technology Appropriately (www.digitalcitizenship.net). Here he comments on the role of each of the nine themes.
• 6) Law. According to Ribble, educators must teach students about online ethics: that hacking information, downloading illegal music, plagiarizing, or causing damage to other people's work, identity, or property online is a crime. "Students need to understand that there are laws out there, and that their use of technology can affect them in legal realms."

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    Source's website score is in the excellent range, only defaulting by on posting the frequency of revisions and website award winnings were not found.
• This chat discusses best practices in teaching Digital Citizenship and Literacy on the second and fourth Wednesdays of the month from 7 to 8 pm ET. Find out more information at gonevirtual.org/digcit.html.  

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    This websites scores a good on credibility due to missing update status and frequency, received no apparent awards and does not contain its own search engine within site.

  • Ribble, M. (2013). Nine Themes of Digital Citizenship [website]. Retrieved from http://digitalcitizenship.net/Nine_Elements.html
• 6.   Digital Law:   electronic responsibility for actions and deeds
   Digital law deals with the ethics of technology within a society. Unethical use manifests itself in form of theft and/or crime. Ethical use manifests itself in the form of abiding by the laws of society. Users need to understand that stealing or causing damage to other people’s work, identity, or property online is a crime. There are certain rules of society that users need to be aware in a ethical society. These laws apply to anyone who works or plays online. Hacking into others information, downloading illegal music, plagiarizing, creating destructive worms, viruses or creating Trojan Horses, sending spam, or stealing anyone’s identify or property is unethical.
   
   

• • The law in place regarding digital media is currently too rigid and unfair to abiding digital citizens who legally purchase their media and who want to create multiples copies, etc. for personal use.
• • Jonathan, K. (n.d). Show Business Pleads to Keep Digital Law. Washington Post, The.
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    =81.25 (Good)
    
    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.
• Other witnesses said that the ban on copying is making it harder for libraries and other educational institutions to make selected use of digital works for long-distance learning.
• Swift said the law treats most U.S. consumers as pirates, which they are not.

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• • EVALUATION:
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    Source's website scores a perfect excellent in credentials.

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    =81.25 (Good)
    
    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.

  • Coffee, P. (1998). Digital Law Is Stranger Than Any Fiction. PC Week, 15(43), 58.
• I get ill just thinking about ridiculous laws such as this one that penalize entire classes of legitimate use of a technology while clearly failing to contain the systematic abuse of that technology by those who make their living that way.
• It's shocking that users should be burdened by a 3 percent tax on DAT recording media merely because one use of those media is the making of pirate copies of copyrighted musical performances.
• The Audio Home Recording Act applies to "any machine or device ... the digital recording function of which is designed or marketed for the primary purpose of ... making a digital-audio-copied recording for private use." What is the "primary purpose" of, for example, an Iomega Zip drive? If Iomega advertises this unit to musicians as a backup storage unit for their digital studios, will Iomega have to start paying royalties under the act? Or will it only surcharge those buyers who admit to being musicians? This is nonsense.
• Once upon a time, writing was a rare skill; you could make a living as a scribe. Then we invented typewriters and later copying machines. Imagine if you still had to contribute to a fund for the support of displaced scribes. Silly, right?

  • I agree with the author that the Audio Home Recording Act is a bit ridiculous. Great analogy comparing a scribe to digital technology.

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    Source's website scores good in credentials. Site does not post update frequency, does not offer a way to contact authors by phone or email, site a bit on the slow side to load and no awards for the website found.
• For a journalist, working for PC WEEK in 1984 was like landing in San Francisco in 1849 to cover the California gold rush. Starting on Feb. 28, 1984, PC WEEK followed the introduction of the early PCs produced by IBM, Compaq, Apple and a host of other manufacturers. Today eWEEK chronicles the personal computing revolution that continues to this day with the Internet and cloud computing.

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    +90 (Excellent)
    
    This website scores excellence in credibility, despite not revealing update frequency, the referenced press release not bearing an author's name, nor author(s) of site not clearly noted and no apparent awards for the site.

  • Federal Agent (2011). Department of Justice Disrupts International Cyber Crime Rings Distributing Scareware [website]. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/department-of-justice-disrupts-international-cybercrime-rings-distributing-scareware
• The global reach of the Internet makes every computer user in the world a potential victim of cyber crime,” said U.S. Attorney B. Todd Jones of the District of Minnesota. “Addressing cybercrime requires international cooperation; and in this case, the FBI, collaborating with our international law enforcement and prosecution partners, have worked tirelessly to disrupt two significant cybercriminal networks. Their efforts demonstrate that no matter the country, Internet criminals will be pursued, caught and prosecuted.

• • Marks, S. (2004, July 31). Time To Revisit Digital Laws. Billboard. p. 10.
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    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.
• we are at a critical juncture in ensuring that sound recording creators are protected so that services performing sound recordings do not become the equivalent of unauthorized distribution systems that are the next platform for piracy.

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• • EVALUATION:
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    Source's website scores average in credibility, but I believe this is due to the site still being in the clearly labeled format of BETA. Links are not working properly and virtually nothing has any sort of time stamp. There were contacts with email and phone and visually, the site looks interesting enough—just needs better overall functionality.

• • Pornwasin, A. (September 27, 2011 Tuesday ). Rewriting digital laws. The Nation (Thailand), Retrieved from www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic
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    This website scores good in credibility despite not clearly marked as being recently updated, update frequency is not posted, page is not available through search engines and site has associated costs to the general public.

• Moreover, the government should revise the real objectives of the Act and make it clearer in terms of definition and law enforcement. It should not give too much power to law enforcers and regulators to interpret the meaning of the Act.

  "We want the government to balance law enforcement and people's rights," she said.

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    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.

  • Ayoub, N. C. (2007). 'Cybercrime: Digital Cops in a Networked Environment'. Chronicle Of Higher Education, 53(36), 21.
• When a crime scene is in cyberspace, forget the yellow tape. Boundaries, along with evidence and procedure, need to be re-envisioned. Or, as Daniel E. Geer Jr. puts it: "'Digital law' is and must be counterintuitive" because our intuitions about the physical world can be misleading when applied to the digital realm.

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    Source's website scores good in credibility. No posting of revisions frequency, no way to directly contact authors and no apparent awards for website.

• • This source scores excellence in credibility, despite not having update frequency posted and no apparent awards for the site.

  • EVALUATION:
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    This website scores excellence in credibilbty, despite not having update frequency posted and no apparant awards for the site.
• • Dachis, D. (2012). How you break digital law daily (and what to do about it) [website]. Retroeved from http://www.today.com/tech/how-you-break-digital-law-daily-what-do-about-it-313390

• Tolerated action: Mix "tapes"

  The idea of the mix tape has been around for many years. It came with the invention of the compact cassette tape and the ability to record songs from the radio or other sources. This made it possible for us to create our first "playlists" of songs we liked and share them with others. With tapes, this required time and effort. Now that we have digital music files, we can throw together a mix "tape" in a matter of seconds. Initially this was a big problem because it removed the barrier of effort from sharing copyrighted music with others.

• Illegal action: Downloading TV shows and movies

  It's unlikely that anyone who's spent a moment online is unaware of the illegality associated with downloading unlicensed TV shows and movies from file sharing services. Nonetheless, it's extremely common, but the cause varies. While some are undoubtedly stealing television and film content because they simply do not want to pay, many are employing piracy because the barrier to entry is unrealistic for most consumers.

• Tolerated action: Mashups and other derivative works

  Creating derivative works — the process of using copyrighted material to create something new — is illegal if you do not obtain permission from the rights holders. Nonetheless, this action is often tolerated because it often serves as a unique marketing tool for the content in use. Whether a derivative work will be tolerated or not is entirely unknown as rights holders have reacted both positively and negatively in many circumstances.

• Illegal action: Removing copy protection

  In general, the Digital Millenium Copyright Act (DMCA) prevents the removal of any copy protection methods employed by a media publisher. In July 2010, a few exceptions were made for various forms of media in specific circumstances. Many people took these new rules to mean you could now break copy protection schemes on legally obtained media and software. For example, many cheered on the right to rip a DVD for use on their portable media players and smartphones. The problem is that ripping a DVD for personal use still isn't permissible by law.

• Illegal action: Using commercial software you didn't pay for

  Pirated software is illegal, and that's something most of us know and wouldn't refute. That said, there are circumstances where you may have a legitimate reason for pirating an app or two.

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• • EVALUATION:
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    This website scores good in credibility despite not posting recently or advising update frequency. The content is ALL referenced material in which citation is given properly and licensed through CreativeCommons, but a little digging would be needed to contact authors of original material.
• • Consequences of pirating software. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.siia.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=345:consequences-of-software-piracy&catid=162:anti-piracy-articles&Itemid=373
    
    Copyright infringement penalties. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.lib.purdue.edu/uco/CopyrightBasics/penalties.html
    
    Copyright law. (1999, Janurary 01). Retrieved from http://library.findlaw.com/1999/Jan/1/241476.html
    
    Creative commons liscense . (2009, October 20). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pvoie4ydSw
    
    Digital law. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://digiteen.wikispaces.com/Digital Law
    
    Filesharing. (2005). Retrieved from http://old.saferinternet.org/ww/en/pub/insafe/safety_issues/faqs/filesharing.htm
    
    How to get maximum protection. (2009, January 11). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1KU_oz9u7Y
    
    Identity theft. (2006, July 08). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBheC5afBfc
    
    Illegal downloading and corporate thinking. (2010, September 9). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5a3DTGqruG8
    
    Recording industry association of america. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.riaa.com/aboutus.php?content_selector=about-who-we-are-riaa
    
    Ribble, M., & Bailey, G. (2007). Digital citizenship in schools. (1st ed.). Washington: Internation Society for Technology in Education.
    
    Types of computer viruses. (2012). Retrieved from http://antivirus-software.topchoicereviews.com/types-of-viruses.html
    
    Virus:a retrospective. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://antivirus-software.topchoicereviews.com/types-of-viruses.html
    
    What are the effects of computer hacking?. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-are-the-effects-of-computer-hacking.html
    
    What is hacking?. (2011, August 31). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzC6BONJgsQ
    
    What is pirated software. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-pirated-software.htm
• Types of Violations and their Consequences
• Illegal File Sharing - The sharing of files between people using computers connected to the internet. The term covers both the making available of the file (uploading), for instance on a file sharing service such as the YouTube to MP3 Website, and the downloading of that file from the internet to a computer.
• Pirating Software - When software which has been duplicated and distributed without authorization.
• Creating Viruses - A software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer.
• Hacking - Unauthorized use of computer and network resources.
• Stealing Someones Identity - When someone pretends to be someone else in order to access their personal information such as social security number, credit card, etc. in order to obtain resources or benefits.
• Copyright Infringement - The act of violating any of a copyright's exclusive rights given to them by the federal Copyright Act.

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• • EVALUATION:
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    =81.25 (Good)
    
    This website scores good in credibility despite not being updated recently, not available through search engines and site does have associated costs to the general public.

  • Marks, P. (2005). Media empires gang up on internet file sharers. New Scientist, 186(2499), 23.
• Twenty-eight entertainment firms, led by MGM and supported by the Motion Picture Association of America and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), have filed a lawsuit that seeks to shut down three dominant peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing networks and make their owners financially liable for the "massive and rampant" movie and music piracy that the plaintiffs say these networks are responsible for.

• The P2P protagonists, however, have some powerful support in the form of 17 professors of computer science across the US. While they do not condone illegal file sharing, the academics say they fear that if the MGM case succeeds, people like themselves — who develop new networking and internet technologies that might be capable of unlawful use — may face legal action in future, and that this would hinder innovation. The Supreme Court's decision is expected in July.

  "If you want a vibrant technology sector, you let innovators invent without forcing them to beg permission from media moguls"

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• • EVALUATION:
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    =88.75
    
    Source's website score is good, easy to navigate with authors clearly identified, but not provided contact info on, no awards and no indication on frequency of revision to site.

• • "What is Online Piracy?" (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.riaa.com/physicalpiracy.php?content_selector=What-is-Online-Piracy

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    This website scores average on credibility in that it lacks in recent postings, clear advisory of postings or frequency thereof. Authors are unclear as is the "authorities of their field" and there are no apparent awards for the site.

• Common Examples of Online Copyright Infringement:

   
   
  • You make an MP3 copy of a song because the CD you bought expressly permits you to do so. But then you put your MP3 copy on the Internet, using a file-sharing network, so that millions of other people can download it.
   
  • Even if you don’t illegally offer recordings to others, you join a file-sharing network and download unauthorized copies of all the copyrighted music you want for free from the computers of other network members.
   
  • In order to gain access to copyrighted music on the computers of other network members, you pay a fee to join a file-sharing network that isn’t authorized to distribute or make copies of copyrighted music. Then you download unauthorized copies of all the music you want.
   
  • You transfer copyrighted music using an instant messenging service.
   
  • You have a computer with a CD burner, which you use to burn copies of music you have downloaded onto writable CDs for all of your friends.
   
  • Somebody you don’t even know e-mails you a copy of a copyrighted song and then you turn around and e-mail copies to all of your friends.