Keitha Berry's List: Resources for Fluoride paper

• A scientific report five years ago said that people who consume a lifetime of too much fluoride — an amount over EPA's limit of 4 milligrams — can lead to crippling bone abnormalities and brittleness.
• Fluoride is a mineral that exists naturally in water and soil.
• Portland, Ore., is one of the largest cities that doesn't fluoridate its water.
• In March, 2006, the National Academy of Sciences released a report recommending that the EPA lower its maximum standard for fluoride in drinking water to below 4 milligrams. The report warned severe fluorosis could occur at 2 milligrams. Also, a majority of the report's authors said a lifetime of drinking water with fluoride at 4 milligrams or higher could raise the risk of broken bones.
• According to the CDC, nearly 23 percent of children ages 12-15 had fluorosis in a study done in 1986 and 1987. That rose to 41 percent in the more recent study, which covered the years 1999 through 2004.

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• there was a significant association between supplemental fluoride exposure from ages 0-3 years and fluorosis.
• no association between behavior problems and dental fluorosis in this population.

• In 2000, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that 162.1 million Americans were receiving fluoridated water, which is 57.6% of the total population and includes 65.8% of those on public water systems
• In children, elevated concentrations of lead are associated with impairment of cognitive development and adverse behavioral changes
• he authors concluded that the highest likelihood of elevated PbB concentrations occurred when children were exposed to both water treated with silicofluorides and another risk factor known to be associated with high blood lead, such as old housing
• fluoridation was significantly associated with PbB concentration only for the “before 1946”
• In the before-1946 model, however, none of the individual fluoridation categories (including the silicofluorides compounds) was significantly higher than the reference no-fluoride category.
• Our analysis does not offer support for the hypothesis that silicofluorides in community water systems increase PbB concentrations in children. On the other hand, given the limitations of our data, our analyses cannot refute a possible link between water fluoridation method and lead uptake in children, particularly among those who live in older dwellings.

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• fluoride's toxicity is rated higher than lead, the US Environmental   Protection Agency's (EPA) maximum contaminant level for lead in water   is 15 ppb (parts per billion) whereas the level allowed for fluoride is   4,000 ppb. The recommended level for artificial fluoridation of the drinking   water of 1 part per million (1 ppm = 1,000 ppb) was established in 1945,   and it hasn't been changed since, even though today we (and our children)   are getting fluoride from many other additional sources, including toothpaste,   other dental products, mouthwashes, processed food, some vitamin tablets,   and beverages.
• The key initial studies which   purported to show that fluoride was a benefit to teeth, conducted in Grand   Rapids, Michigan (1945), Newburgh, New York (1945), Evanston, Illinois   (1947), and Brantford, Ontario, Canada (1945), were of a very dubious   scientific quality.
• Dr. Philip   Sutton in his book, "The Greatest Fraud: Fluoridation"
• • Studies and experiments conducted poorly and inacurately.
• considerable evidence has accumulated   that the state of children's permanent teeth in non-fluoridated communities,   as measured by their DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) values,   is just as good as (if not better than) those in fluoridated communities.
• in 1995 the teeth of the children in fluoridated Newburgh   were again compared to those in still unfluoridated Kingston (this study   started in 1945) and there was little difference in the DMFT values across   the 7-14 years age range.
• • Even the argument that dental fluorosis was caused by accessive amounts of fluoride from other sources strengthens the need to remove fluoride from the water because we can get a suffecient amount through these other sources.
• the average levels of dental fluorosis was about twice as high in fluoridated   Newburgh as it was in unfluoridated Kingston (7).
• The only known cause of dental fluorosis is exposure to fluoride and the   rates are increasing.
• In 1986-87 a survey was conducted by the National   Institute for Dental Research (NIDR) at a cost of $3.6 million to the   US taxpayer.
• The raw data from this study had to be pried out of this   institution by Dr. John Yiamouyiannis using the Freedom of Information   Act.
• From this data he was able to show that there was little difference   in the DMFT values for approximately 40,000 children, whether they grew   up in fluoridated, non-fluoridated or partially fluoridated communities   (8)
• Pro-fluoridationists have argued that this data (or a sub-set of   it) indicates 25% lower DMFT in fluoridated communities. Even if we take   this argument at face value, with current DMFT values (about 2.0 or less)   this represents less than half a tooth
• According to Dr. Hardy Limeback, the Head of Preventive Dentistry at the   University of Toronto, fluoridation of water, "has contributed to   the birth of a multi-billion dollar industry of tooth bleaching and cosmetic   dentistry. More money is being spent now on the treatment of dental fluorosis   than what would be spent on dental decay if water fluoridation were halted"   (9).
• 9. Another large and important   study was carried out in New Zealand. What makes this work important is   that under the New Zealand National Health Service plan every child between   the ages of 12 and 13 years has his or her teeth examined, so here we   are looking at a complete set of data, not a selected sample. Again, it   was found that the teeth of children in non-fluoridated cities were slightly   better than those in the fluoridated cities, and again the levels of dental   fluorosis was much higher in the fluoridated cities (10).
• In Europe, where nearly all the countries   remain unfluoridated, the average DMFTs for the children are actually   lower (i.e. better) than those for children in the US. Moreover, Ireland,   the only country in Europe with significant fluoridation (about 73% of   the population drink fluoridated water), rates sixth in a table of national   average DMFTs in Europe (11).
• What emerges from impartial study is that the quality   of children's teeth in industrialized countries has been steadily improving   from the 1930s to the 1990s, independent of whether fluoride has been   added to the water supply or not. Thus, unless a control community was   chosen extremely carefully–which they were not–improvements   were erroneously assigned to fluoride addition rather than to the overall   improvement that was taking place in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated   communities.
• John Colquhoun's
• "Why I Changed My Mind   on Fluoridation"
• "New Evidence on Fluoridation"
• Some of the reasons offered for the decline   in tooth decay have included: a) a better standard of living; b) better   education; c) better dental hygiene; d) more refrigeration; e) more fresh   fruits and vegetables in diet; f) more cheese in diet; g) exposure to   antibiotics in processed food; and h) less exposure to environmental lead.
• The theory behind fluoride's purported benefit   to teeth is that the fluoride ion displaces the hydroxide ion from the   calcium hydroxyapatite in the tooth enamel, forming the substance calcium   fluorapatite, which is more resistant to acid attack. A second suggestion   is that fluoride kills some of the decay causing bacteria in the mouth   by poisoning their enzymes
• Can you poison the enzymes in   the oral bacteria, without poisoning some of the enzymes in the rest   of the body?
• Nearly every single chemical reaction in the body is steered   by enzymes (enzymes are biological catalysts).
• As far as the tooth is concerned, can you strengthen the enamel on   the outside of the tooth without damaging the tooth cells on the inside?   In other words, will chemical intervention with the enamel on the surface   of the tooth be accompanied by biological interference with the enzymes   which lay down that enamel?
• What will this constant exposure to fluoride do to our bones? They,   too, contain calcium hydroxyapatite. Will the formation of calcium fluorapatite   in our bones make them more or less vulnerable to fracture? Does fluoride   poison the enzymes involved in bone growth and turnover? Are there any   other ways fluoride could damage bone growth and structure?
• The large increase in dental fluorosis in   both fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities testifies to the fact   that an unacceptably high number of children are now being overdosed on   fluoride.

• In a NIDR study of nearly 40,000 children in the US it was found   that the incidence of dental fluorosis increased in a dose-related fashion   with the level of fluoride in the drinking water. It was found that

   
           
  at less than 0.3 ppm, 13.5% of the   children had dental fluorosis,   between 0.3 to 0.7 ppm, 21.7% had   fluorosis,   between 0.7 to 1.2 ppm, 29.9 % had   fluorosis,   and above 1.2 ppm, 41.4 % had fluorosis.
     
   

  It was also found that each   category of severity (based on Dean's classification) increased in a similar   dose related fashion (17). Putting these numbers into perspective, it   means that for every three children who might have their tooth enamel   strengthened by the addition of fluoride to drinking water at 0.7 to 1.2   ppm, approximately one child will have its tooth enamel damaged by dental   fluorosis.
• To argue that dental fluorosis is merely   a "cosmetic effect," as some US government agencies do, is a   blatant example of "linguistic detoxification" (19). In actual   fact, dental fluorosis indicates that fluoride has interfered with the   enzymes laying down the tooth enamel. Thus dental fluorosis is the visible   flag of fluoride's toxicity.
• This observation should raise the question,   what other enzymes and processes in the body are being affected by fluoride   for which we do not have a visible flag?

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• "Under the conditions of these 2-year dosed water studies, there was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity of sodium fluoride in male F344/N rats,
• no evidence of carcinogenic activity in female F344/N rats receiving sodium fluoride at concentrations of 25, 100, or 175 ppm (0, 11, 45, 79 ppm fluoride) in drinking water for 2 years.

• The greater the fluoride exposure during tooth development, the greater the likelihood of dental fluorosis. In the 1940's and 1950's, the major sources of fluoride were from drinking water and food. Since then, numerous sources of fluoride have become available, including dental products containing fluoride (e.g., toothpastes and mouth rinses) and fluoride dietary supplements. The inappropriate use of these products can contribute significantly to total fluoride intake.

• By Paul Connett, PhD and other members of the Fluoride Action Network (including James Beck, MD, PhD, Michael Connett, JD, Hardy Limeback, DDS, PhD, David McRae and Spedding Micklem, D.Phil.)
• Fluoridation is the practice of adding a fluoride compound to the public drinking water supply ostensibly for the purpose of fighting tooth decay
• The practice began in the U.S. in 1945 and was endorsed by the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) in 1950.
• Only eight countries in the world have more than 50% of their populations drinking artificially fluoridated water (Australia, Colombia, Ireland, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the U.S.).
• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies fluoride as a drug when used to prevent or mitigate disease (FDA 2000).
• Fluoride is the only chemical added to water for the purpose of medical treatment.
• adding fluoride to water for the sole purpose of preventing tooth decay (a non-waterborne disease) is a form of medical treatment.
• Informed consent is standard practice for all medication, and one of the key reasons why most of Western Europe has ruled against fluoridation.
• Fluoridation is unethical.
• we are allowing governments to do to whole communities (forcing people to take a medicine irrespective of their consent) what individual doctors cannot do to individual patients.
• The dose cannot be controlled
• it is impossible to control the dose each individual receives because people drink different amounts of water.
• The fluoride goes to everyone regardless of age, health or vulnerability
• People now receive fluoride from many other sources besides water
• Fluoride is not an essential nutrient
• No disease has ever been linked to a fluoride deficiency.
• It has never been shown that ingested fluoride is needed to produce decay-free teeth.
• Not a single biological process has been shown to require fluoride.
• extensive evidence that fluoride can interfere with many important biological processes.
• interferes with numerous enzymes
• Such interactions give aluminum-fluoride complexes the potential to interfere with signals from growth factors, hormones and neurotransmitters
• In combination with aluminum, fluoride interferes with G-proteins
• . More and more studies are indicating that fluoride can interfere with biochemistry in fundamental ways
• The level in mothers' milk is very low
• a bottle-fed baby consuming fluoridated water (0.6 – 1.2 ppm) can get up to 300 times more fluoride than a breast-fed baby.
• susceptibility to environmental toxins is particularly high
• Healthy adult kidneys excrete 50 to 60% of the fluoride they ingest each day (Marier & Rose 1971). The remainder accumulates in the body, largely in calcifying tissues such as the bones and pineal gland
• Infants and children excrete less fluoride from their kidneys and take up to 80% of ingested fluoride into their bones
• The fluoride concentration in bone steadily increases over a lifetime
• No regular measurements are being made of the levels of fluoride in urine, blood, bones, hair, or nails of either the general population or sensitive subparts of the population (e.g., individuals with kidney disease).
• "there have been no randomized trials of water fluoridation" (Cheng 2007). Randomized studies are the standard method for determining the safety and effectiveness of any purportedly beneficial medical treatment.
• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continues to classify fluoride as an "unapproved new drug."
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 1999, 2001) has now acknowledged that the mechanism of fluoride's benefits are mainly topical, not systemic.
• Most western, industrialized countries have rejected water fluoridation, but have nevertheless experienced the same decline in childhood dental decay as fluoridated countries.
• The largest survey ever conducted in the US (over 39,000 children from 84 communities) by the National Institute of Dental Research showed little difference in tooth decay among children in fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities
• A multi-million dollar, U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) -funded study (Warren 2009) found no relation between tooth decay and the amount of fluoride ingested by children.
• water fluoridation cannot prevent the oral health crises that result from rampant poverty, inadequate nutrition, and lack of access to dental care.
• severe dental crises in low-income neighborhoods of US cities that have been fluoridated for over 20 years
• Where fluoridation has been discontinued in communities from Canada, the former East Germany, Cuba and Finland, dental decay has not increased but has generally continued to decrease
• infant exposure to fluoridated water has been repeatedly found to be a major risk factor for developing dental fluorosis later in life
• Even the American Dental Association (ADA), the most ardent institutional proponent of fluoridation, distributed a November 6, 2006 email alert to its members recommending that parents be advised that formula should be made with "low or no-fluoride water." Unfortunately, the ADA has done little to get this information into the hands of parents. As a result, many parents remain unaware of the fluorosis risk from infant exposure to fluoridated water.
• it is rash to assume that fluoride is not impacting other developing tissues when it is visibly damaging the teeth by some biochemical mechanism
• According to the National Research Council (2006), "it is apparent that fluorides have the ability to interfere with the functions of the brain."
• the literature commissioned by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), fluoride has been listed among about 100 chemicals for which there is "substantial evidence of developmental neurotoxicity." 
• Animal experiments show that fluoride accumulates in the brain and alters mental behavior in a manner consistent with a neurotoxic agent
• been over 100 animal experiments showing that fluoride can damage the brain and impact learning and behavior.
• had morphological changes to their kidneys and brains, an increased uptake of aluminum in the brain, and the formation of beta-amyloid deposits which are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
• just moderate levels of fluoride exposure
• can exacerbate the neurological defects of iodine deficiency
• At least three human studies have reported an association between fluoride exposure and impaired visual-spatial organization
• three other studies have found an association between prenatal fluoride exposure and fetal brain damage
• show that fluoride accumulates in the human pineal gland to very high levels.
• fluoride reduces melatonin production and leads to an earlier onset of puberty
• fluoridation trials in the U.S.
• reported that on average young girls in the fluoridated community reached menstruation 5 months earlier than girls in the non-fluoridated community.
• According to the U.S. National Research Council (2006), "several lines of information indicate an effect of fluoride exposure on thyroid function."
• According to a clinical study by Galletti and Joyet (1958), the thyroid function of hyperthyroid patients was effectively reduced at just 2.3 to 4.5 mg/day of fluoride ion. To put this finding in perspective, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS, 1991) has estimated that total fluoride exposure in fluoridated communities ranges from 1.6 to 6.6 mg/day. This is a remarkable fact, particularly considering the rampant and increasing problem of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in the United States and other fluoridated countries.
• Symptoms of hypothyroidism include depression, fatigue, weight gain, muscle and joint pains, increased cholesterol levels, and heart disease.
• In 2010, the second most prescribed drug of the year was Synthroid (sodium levothyroxine) which is a hormone replacement drug used to treat an underactive thyroid.
• Some of the early symptoms of skeletal fluorosis (a fluoride-induced bone and joint disease that impacts millions of people in India, China, and Africa), mimic the symptoms of arthritis
• Few, if any, studies have been done to determine the extent of this misdiagnosis, and whether the high prevalence of arthritis in America (1 in 3 Americans have some form of arthritis - CDC, 2002) and other fluoridated countries is related to growing fluoride exposure, which is highly plausible.
• An early fluoridation trial (Newburgh-Kingston 1945-55) found a significant two-fold increase in cortical bone defects among children in the fluoridated community (Schlesinger 1956).
• The cortical bone is the outside layer of the bone and is important to protect against fracture.
• prompt questions about a possible link to osteosarcoma
• When high doses of fluoride (average 26 mg per day) were used in trials to treat patients with osteoporosis in an effort to harden their bones and reduce fracture rates, it actually led to a higher number of fractures, particularly hip fractures
• from the University of Toronto found that (as with animal studies) the strength of bone declined with increasing fluoride content
• Finally, a recent study from Iowa (Levy 2009), published data suggesting that low-level fluoride exposure may have a detrimental effect on cortical bone density in girls (an effect that has been repeatedly documented in clinical trials and which has been posited as an important mechanism by which fluoride may increase bone fracture rates).
• Because of their inability to effectively excrete fluoride, people with kidney disease are prone to accumulating high levels of fluoride in their bone and blood.
• kidney patients have an elevated risk for developing skeletal fluorosis.
• A U.S. government-funded animal study found a dose-dependent increase in bone cancer (osteosarcoma) in fluoride-treated, male rats (NTP 1990).
• ollowing the results of this study, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) reviewed national cancer data in the U.S. and found a significantly higher rate of osteosarcoma (a bone cancer) in young men in fluoridated versus unfluoridated areas
• While the NCI concluded (based on an analysis lacking statistical power) that fluoridation was not the cause (Hoover et al 1991b), no explanation was provided to explain the higher rates in the fluoridated areas.
• A smaller study from New Jersey (Cohn 1992) found osteosarcoma rates to be up to 6 times higher in young men living in fluoridated versus unfluoridated areas.
• three reasons why a fluoride-osteosarcoma connection is plausible: First, fluoride accumulates to a high level in bone. Second, fluoride stimulates bone growth. And, third, fluoride can interfere with the genetic apparatus of bone cells in several ways; it has been shown to be mutagenic, cause chromosome damage, and interfere with the enzymes involved with DNA repair in both cell and tissue studies
• cell and tissue studies, a correlation between fluoride exposure and chromosome damage in humans has also been reported
• Elise Bassin, a dentist, successfully defended her doctoral thesis at Harvard in which she found that young boys had a five-to-seven fold increased risk of getting osteosarcoma by the age of 20 if they drank fluoridated water during their mid-childhood growth spurt (age 6 to 8).
• The study was published in 2006 (Bassin 2006) but has been largely discounted by fluoridating countries because her thesis adviser Professor Chester Douglass (a promoter of fluoridation and a consultant for Colgate) promised a larger study that he claimed would discount her thesis (Douglass and Joshipura, 2006).
• by the authors' own admission, the study had no capacity to assess the risk of osteosarcoma among children and adolescents (the precise population of concern).
• did not even attempt to assess the age-specific window of risk that Bassin identified.
• Fluoride administered to animals at high doses wreaks havoc on the male reproductive system - it damages sperm and increases the rate of infertility in a number of different species
• In addition, an epidemiological study from the US found increased rates of infertility among couples living in areas with 3 ppm or more fluoride in the water
• two studies have found reduced level of circulating testosterone in males living in high fluoride areas
• While animal studies by FDA researchers have failed to find evidence of reproductive toxicity in fluoride-exposed rats (Sprando 1996, 1997, 1998), the National Research Council (2006) has recommended that, "the relationship between fluoride and fertility requires additional study."
• symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, rashes and stomach and gastro intestinal tract problems,
• No fluoridating government has conducted scientific studies to take this issue beyond these anecdotal reports.
• Without the willingness of governments to investigate these reports scientifically, should we as a society be forcing these people to ingest fluoride?
• According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR 1993) these include: infants, the elderly and diabetics.
• those who suffer from malnutrition (e.g., calcium, magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin D and iodine deficiencies and protein-poor diets
• Millions of people in India and China have had their health compromised by fluoride.
• no margin of safety for dental fluorosis
• for lowered IQ
• lowered thyroid function
• hip fractures in the elderly
• bone fractures in children
• Those most likely to suffer from poor nutrition, and thus more likely to be more vulnerable to fluoride's toxic effects, are the poor, who unfortunately, are the very people being targeted by new fluoridation programs.
• According to the CDC's national survey of dental fluorosis, black and Mexican-American children have significantly higher rates of dental fluorosis than white children
• The recognition that minority children appear to be more vulnerable to toxic effects of fluoride, combined with the fact that low-income families are less able to avoid drinking fluoridated water, has prompted prominent leaders in the environmental-justice movement to oppose mandatory fluoridation in Georgia
• "I am most deeply concerned for poor families who have babies: if they cannot afford unfluoridated water for their babies' milk formula, do their babies not count? Of course they do. This is an issue of fairness, civil rights, and compassion. We must find better ways to prevent cavities, such as helping those most at risk for cavities obtain access to the services of a dentist…My father was a dentist. I formerly was a strong believer in the benefits of water fluoridation for preventing cavities. But many things that we began to do 50 or more years ago we now no longer do, because we have learned further information that changes our practices and policies. So it is with fluoridation."
• Black Americans have higher rates of lactose intolerance, kidney problems and diabetes, all of which may exacerbate fluoride's toxicity.
• The Surgeon General has estimated that 80% of dentists in the US do not treat children on Medicaid.
• Recent testing by the National Sanitation Foundation suggest that the levels of arsenic in these silicon fluorides are relatively high (up to 1.6 ppb after dilution into public water) and of potential concern (NSF 2000 and Wang 2000). Arsenic is a known human carcinogen for which there is no safe level. This one contaminant alone could be increasing cancer rates – and unnecessarily so.
• Proponents use very dubious tactics to promote fluoridation.

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• Fluorides are cumulative toxins. The fact that fluorides accumulate in the body is the reason that U.S. law requires the Surgeon General to set a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for fluoride content in public water supplies as determined by the EPA
• Crippling Skeletal Fluorosis (CSF)
• progresses through three stages.
• It is total fluoride intake from all sources which must be considered for any adverse health effect evaluation, including intake by ingestion, inhalation and absorption through the skin
• elemental fluorine, which is a gas and the most reactive element in the periodic table
• reacts with every other element except three of the noble gases
• Free fluorine is not produced in nature. Fluorine is not put in our drinking water! Fluorine is found in the form of hydrogen fluoride, another gas. It etches glass. It dissolves in water to form a weak acid. It is a pollutant emitted by metal smelters, the oil industry, ceramic and brick industries, coal fired power stations, incinerators, and a number of other industries. It's responsible for many deaths in air pollution incidents.
• fluoride ion
• cannot be placed in a bottle by itself. It is a negative ion; it must be accompanied by positive ions
• Negative ions are formed when metals react with non-metals (fluorine is a non-metal)
• When this happens, the metal transfers one or more of its electrons (negative particles) to the non-metal. The result is a positively charged metal ion and a negatively charged ion. In the solid form, these positive ions and negative ions appear in a tidy three-dimensional arrangement. This internal arrangement gives rise to the crystalline shape of these substances. For example, table salt (sodium chloride) has crystals in the shape of a cube. When these substances (salts) are dissolved in water the positive ions and negative ions separate.
• Sodium chloride is very soluble in water; calcium fluoride is far less soluble. Ten percent of the water fluoridated in the U.S. is fluoridated with sodium fluoride.
• organofluoride
• compounds which have fluorine covalently bonded to carbon atoms
• poly tetra fluoro ethylene
• non-stick frying pans
• plastic PTFE
• Fluorine is frequently added to pharmaceuticals
• The net result is that these drugs carry fluoride into very sensitive places, like the brain, where it can cause problems.
• Independent scientific evidence repeatedly showing up over the past 50 years reveals that fluoride allegedly shortens our life span, promotes cancer and various mental disturbances, accelerates osteoporosis and broken hips in old folks, and makes us stupid, docile, and subservient, all in one package. There are reports of aluminum in the brain possibly being a causative factor in Alzheimer`s Disease, and evidence points towards fluoride`s strong affinity for aluminum and also its ability to "trick" the blood-brain barrier by looking like the hydrogen ion, and thus allowing chemical access to brain tissue.
• the term "Fluorosis" describes a state of toxicity of the trace element,

• Dental Fluorosis: the most obvious and easily diagnosed form of Fluorosis by a characteristic bilateral white mottling of the dentition. Dental Fluorosis is usually caused by over-exposure to Fluoride when the dental enamel is actively mineralizing during early childhood.

   

   

   

  Skeletal Fluorosis: involves abnormal mineralization of bone and soft tissues and/or the disruption of normal activity of the osteocytes. For this reason, Skeletal Fluorosis often mimics "generic" osteoarthritis and/or osteoporosis in relatively young adults.

   

   

   

  Systemic Fluorosis: due to the chemical nature of Fluoride and its action(s) within mammalian systems which are not limited to teeth and bone, Fluoride toxicity may potentially be linked to every major multiple cause ailment of the 20th century from cancer to Attention Deficit Disorder.

• 1. Learning Disorders/Difficulty Concentrating/Incoherence/Memory Loss/Confusion

   

  2. Body Temperature Disturbances/Cold Shivers

   

  3. Chest Pains

   

  4. Heart Palpitations

   

  5. Depression

   

  6. Dizziness/Vertigo

   

  7. Dyspepsia

   

  8. Excessive Sleepiness/Fatigue

   

  9. Headaches/Migraines

   

  10. Joint Pains

   

  11. Nausea

   

  12. Restlessness

   

  13. Sensitivity to Light

   

  14. Shortness of Breath

   

  15. Difficulties Swallowing

   

  16. Thirst

   

  17. Tinnitus

   

  18. Visual Disturbances

• Following are a list of the symptoms of both fluoride poisoning and thyroid dysfunction: Abnormal Sweating:  

   

  Acne; ADHD/Learning Disorders; Allergies; Alopecia (Hair-loss) ; Alzheimer’s Disease; Anaphylactic Shock; Anemia; Apnea (Cessation of breath); Aorta Calcification; Asthenia (Weakness); Asthma; Atherosclerosis; Arthralgia; Arthritis; Ataxia; Autism; Back Pain; Behavioural Problems; Birth Defects; Blind Spots; Body temperature disturbances; Breast Cancer; Cachexia (wasting away); Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Cataracts; Change in blood pressure(=/-); Chest pain; Cholelithiasis (Gallstones); Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; Collagen breakdown; Cold Shivers; Coma; Concentration Inability; Constipation; Convulsions; Crying easily for no apparent reason; Death; Decrease in Testosterone; Dementia; Demyelinizing Diseases; Dental Abnormalities; Dental Arch smaller; Dentral Crowding; Dental enamel more porous; Dentral Fluorosis (Mottling of teeth); Delayed Eruption of teeth; Depression; Diabetes Insipidus; Diabetes Mellitus; Diarrhea; Dizziness; Down Syndrome; Dry Mouth; Dyspepsia; Dystrophy; Early/Delayed Onset of Puberty; Eczema; Edema(; Epilepsy; Eosinophilia; Excessive Sleepiness; Eye, ear and nose disorders; Fatigue; Fearfulness; Fever; Fibromyalgia; Fibrosarcoma; Fibrosis; Fingernails:Lines/Grooves; Fingernails:Brittle; Forgetfulness; Gastro-disturbances; Gastric Ulcers; Giant Cell Formation; Gingivitis; Goiter; Growth Disturbances; Headache; Hearing Loss; Heart Disorders; Heart Failure; Heart Palpitations; Hepatitis; Hemorrhage; Hives; Hoarseness; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypertension; Hypoplasia; Immunosuppression; Impotence; Incoherence; Infertility; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Inner Ear Disorders; Irritability; Joint Pains; Kidney Failure; Lack of Energy; Lack of Co-ordination; Loss of Appetite; Loss of Consciousness; Loss of IQ; Loss of Spermatogenesis; Low Birth Weight; Lung Cancer; Lupus; Magnesium Deficiency; Memory Loss; Mental Confusion; Migraine; Monisiliasis (Candidasis); More fluorosis/high altitudes; Mouth Sores; Myalgia (Muscle Pain); Myotrophy (Muscle wasting); Multiple Sclerosis; Muscle Cramps; Muscle Stiffness; Muscle Weakness; Muscoskeletal Disease; Nausea; Osteoarthritis; Osteoporosis; Osteosarcoma; Optic Neuritis; Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Otosclerosis ; Parkinson’s Disease; Pins & Needles; Polydipsia; Polyneuropathy; Polyurea; Pyelocystitis; Premature Delivery; Pruritis (Itchy Skin); Pulminary Edema; Recurring Colds; Respiratory Complications; Restlessness; Retinitis; Rhinitis; Schizophrenia; Sceroderma; Skin Pigmentation; Secondary teeth erupt later; Sensitive to light; Seizures; Shortness of Breath; SIDS; Sinus Infections; Skeletal Changes; Sleep Disorders; Slipped Epiphysis; Sluggishness; Skin Irritations; Spondylitis, ankylosing; Stillbirths; Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia); Swelling in Face (Angioedema); Telangiectasia; Testicular Growth/Alteration; Thirst; Thrombosis; Thyroid Cancer; Tinnitus; Tingling Sensations; Visual disturbances; Ulcerative Colitis; Urticaria; Uterine Bleeding; Uterine Cancer; Vaginal Bleeding; Vas Deferens Alterations; Vertigo; Vitiligo (white spots/skin); Weak Pulse; Weight Disturbances; Zinc Deficiency.
• In China, where entire villages are being relocated due to fluoride contamination, fluoride is being openly acknowledged as the cause of thyroid cancer,

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• Topical   fluorides strengthen teeth already present in the mouth.
• Topical fluorides include toothpaste, mouth rinses   and professionally applied fluoride gels and rinses.
• Systemic   fluorides are those that are ingested into the body and become incorporated   into forming tooth structures.

• Researchers   have observed fluoride's decay preventive effects through three specific   mechanisms:^{19, 20}

   
   
   
  1.   Fluoride reduces the solubility of enamel in acid by converting hydroxyapatite   into less soluble fluorapatite.
   
  2.   Fluoride exerts an influence directly on dental plaque by reducing   the ability of plaque organisms to produce acid.
   
  3.   Fluoride promotes the remineralization or repair of tooth enamel in   areas that have been demineralized by acids.
• remineralization effect of fluoride
• Fluoride ions   in and at the enamel surface result in fortified enamel that is not only   more resistant to decay, but enamel that can repair or remineralize early   dental decay caused by acids from decay-causing bacteria
• only calcium fluoride occurs   naturally in water, and it has never been used for fluoridation.
• The   chemicals used to fluoridate 90% of public drinking water are industrial   grade hazardous wastes captured in the air pollution-control scrubber   systems of the phosphate fertilizer industry, called silicofluorides.
• ("Fluorine Recovery in the Fertilizer Industry - A Review,"   Phosphorus & Potassium, No. 103, Sept/Oct 1979.)
• These   wastes contain a number of toxic contaminants including lead, arsenic,   cadmium and even some radioactive isotopes. The phosphate rock mined in   Florida for this purpose has also been mined for its uranium content!
• If   not dumped in our public water supplies, these silicofluorides would have   to be neutralized at the highest rated hazardous waste facility at a cost   of $1.40 per gallon. The cost could increase, depending on how much cadmium,   lead, uranium, and arsenic are also present. The silicofluorides still   contain these heavy metals, and other pollutants, when they are dumped   into our water systems.
• "The   plain fact that fluorine is an insidious poison, harmful, toxic and cumulative   in its effects, even when ingested in minimal amount, will remain unchanged   no matter how many times it will be repeated in print that fluoridation   of water supply is 'safe'." (Dr. Ludwik Gross, Renowned Cancer Research   Scientist, in N. Y. Times 3/6/57.)
• Journal   of the American Medical Association, Sept. 18, 1943, states that fluorides   are general protoplasmic poisons — they inhibit enzyme systems, and   water containing 1 part per million (ppm) or more fluoride is undesirable.   This was the AMA's stand on fluoridation shortly before the U.S. Public   Health Service endorsed nationwide fluoridation. (See 1-3).
• Fluoride   was an industry's menace until Oscar Ewing, an Alcoa Aluminum lawyer,   became head of the U.S. Public Health Service in 1947. Alcoa was one of   the biggest producers of hazardous fluoride waste at that time. Today,   it is the phosphate fertilizer industries.
• Under   Ewing, the U.S. Public Health Service proceeded to conduct the fluoride   experiment on thousands of people without their consent, even though they   knew at the time that there was little or no margin of safety between   the therapeutic dose and the toxic dose necessary to cause dental fluorosis   for children and skeletal fluorosis for lifetime exposure.
• Newburgh   and Kingston were two of the original test cities.
• A recent study by the   New York State Department of Health, showed that after nearly 50 years   of fluoridation, Newburgh's children have a slightly higher number of   cavities than never-fluoridated Kingston. (See 1-5: "New Studies   cast doubt on fluoridation benefits," by Bette Hileman, Chemical   & Engineering News. Vol. 67, No. 19, May 8, 1989).
• The largest study of tooth decay in America,   by the U.S. National Institute of Dental Research in 1986-1987, showed   that there was no significant difference in the decay rates of 39,207   fluoridated, partially fluoridated, and non-fluoridated children, ages   5 to 17, surveyed in the 84-city study. The study cost the U.S. taxpayers   $3,670,000, yet very few Americans are aware the study was ever performed.   (See 1-5: "New studies cast doubt on fluoridation benefits."   Bette Hileman, Chemical & Engineering News, Vol. 67, No. 19, May   8, 1989).
• A   1992 study of dental records for 26,000 children in Tucson, Arizona found   that tooth decay increased in children as the natural level of fluoride   increased from 0.2 to 0.8 ppm. (See 1-7: An Analysis of the Causes   of Tooth Decay, Professor Cornelius Steeling, Department of Chemistry,   University of Arizona).
• Boston   has been fluoridated since 1978. About 90% of 107 Boston high school students   were found to need dental treatment, according to a 1996 unpublished study.   That report also estimated that the city's students had four times more   untreated cavities than the national average. "City to Launch Battle   Against Dental Caries," Boston Globe, p. A01, 11/27/99.
• Japan,   China, and 98% of Europe have stopped or rejected the addition of fluoride   to their public water supplies. ("Special Report," Chemical   and Engineering News, Aug.1, 1988.)
• When   the ADA claims that fluoride "prevents tooth decay systemically when   ingested during tooth development," it is out of step with most leading   dental researchers today who are now admitting that the major benefits   of fluoride are accrued topically, not systemically. These authors include:   Levine, 1976; Fejerskov, Thylstrup and Larsen, 1981; Carlos, 1983; Featherstone,   1987, 1999, 2000; Margolis and Moreno, 1990; Clark, 1993; Burt, 1994;   Shellis and Duckworth, 1994 and Limeback, 1999, 2000.
• The   CDC states: "Fluoride's caries-preventive properties initially were   attributed to changes in enamel during tooth development because of the   association between fluoride and cosmetic changes in enamel and a belief   that fluoride incorporated into enamel during tooth development would   result in a more acid-resistant mineral. However, laboratory and epidemiologic   research suggests that fluoride prevents dental caries predominately after   eruption of the tooth into the mouth, and its actions primarily are topical   for both adults and children." ("Fluoridation of Drinking Water   to Prevent Dental Caries," Achievements in Public Health,   1900-1999.)
• While   the CDC acknowledges this point, it does not draw the logical conclusion.   If fluoride provides its benefits topically, it makes more sense to apply   it in the form of toothpaste, than to put it in the drinking water, where   systemic exposure and all the accompanying risks become inevitable.
• Moreover,   by using this method of application, it not only avoids exposing tissues   in the body, which do not need fluoride, but it also avoids exposing people   who don't want this medication.
• Thus   the key question both the ADA and the CDC avoid is: Why should we run   the risks of exposure of our whole system to fluoride, if the major benefits   of fluoride come from topical application?

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