Danielle Stamp's List: WRI1200 Reasearch

• Candidate Wilson's platform called for limits on campaign contributions by corporations, tariff reductions, new and stronger antitrust laws, banking and currency reform, a federal income tax, direct election of senators, a single term presidency, and the independence of the Philippines.
• reduce the power of corporate wealth in the nation.
• program "New Freedom," in contrast to Roosevelt's "New Nationalism,"
• Roosevelt believed the federal government should act as a "trustee" for the American people, controlling and supervising the economy in the public interest.
• Wilson argued that if big business was deprived of artificial advantages, such as the protective tariff, the government's role could be minimal because natural forces of competition would assure everyone of an equal chance at success.
• Wilson had emerged as a powerful champion of the progressive agenda
• The platform called for military preparedness, a world association of nations to maintain peace after the war in Europe had ended, Pan-American unity, a ban on child labor, women's suffrage, and prison reform.

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• That the 1912 election registered, and inspired, fundamental changes in American politics suggests the historical significance of the Progressive Party. Not only was it the driving force of this election, but it remains the most important third party to appear on the American political landscape in the 20th century.
• The party was deeply divided over civil right
• embraced a "New Freedom" version of progressivism, which prescribed antitrust measures and state regulations as an alternative to the expansion of national administrative power.

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• Polls show that Americans don't trust government and still don't want big government. They do, however, want what government delivers, like health care and national defense and, now, protections from banking and housing failure.
• In the short run, since neither consumers nor business is likely to do it, the government will have to stimulate the economy.
• in the long run, an aging population and global warming and higher energy costs will demand more government taxing and spending.
• more government intrusion in the economy will almost surely limit growth (as it has in Europe, where a big welfare state has caused chronic high unemployment).

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• The president was given the executive power to not only approve the code — essentially giving the President the authority to make laws, which is the job of the Congress
• but also he could impose his own conditions on those codes, make additions or deletions to them prior to approving them, and was free to write codes himself where none existed.
• The Brain Trust was a group of academics put together to carve out the policies of the New Deal prior to Roosevelt's inauguration.
• The NRA was part of President Roosevelt's first 99 days, which produced 16 pieces of relief legislation in 1933, including the following:
• The Supreme Court found that the provisions in the code were not a valid exercise of federal power. The court argued that Congress had given too much control to the presidency to issue whatever edicts it chose.

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• he exaltation of big business at the expense of the citizen was a central characteristic of government policy in Germany and Italy in the years before those countries were chewed to bits and spat out by fascism.

• The American Heritage Dictionary defines the word fascism as "a philosophy or system of government that is marked by stringent social and economic control, a strong centralized government usually headed by a dictator, and often a policy of belligerent nationalism."

• n this work he confessed, “I cannot imagine power as a thing negative and not positive.”
• “No doubt a lot of nonsense has been talked about the inalienable rights of the individual, and a great deal that was mere sentiment and pleasing speculation has been put forward as fundamental principle,” wrote Wilson, attacking the very individual rights that have made America great.
• He rejected the principles of “separation of powers” and “checks and balances” that are the foundation of American government: “Government does now whatever experience permits or the times demand….” wrote Wilson in The State.
• Indeed, in a disturbing 1890 essay entitled Leaders of Men, Wilson said that a “true leader” uses the masses of people like “tools.” He writes, “The competent leader of men cares little for the internal niceties of other people’s characters: he cares much–everything–for the external uses to which they may be put…. He supplies the power; others supply only the materials upon which that power operates…. It is the power which dictates, dominates; the materials yield. Men are as clay in the hands of the consummate leader.” So much for the dignity of each person!
• “Woe be to the man or group of men that seeks to stand in our way,” said Wilson in June 1917 to counter protests to the fascist regime that he created upon entering WW I.
• Wilson rejects the Jeffersonian individualism that has defined the Founding and American conservatism: “While we are followers of Jefferson, there is one principle of Jefferson’s which no longer can obtain in the practical politics of America. You know that it was Jefferson who said that the best government is that which does as little governing as possible…. But that time is passed. America is not now and cannot in the future be a place for unrestricted individual enterprise.” Follower of Jefferson? Yeah right!
• “I am an advocate of peace, but there are some splendid things that come to a nation through the discipline of war,”
• At Wilson’s urging, a Sedition Act (not unlike the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 ) forbade Americans from criticizing their own government in a time of war. Citizens could not “utter, print, write or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language” about the government or the military. The Postmaster General was given the authority to revoke the mailing privileges of those who disobeyed. About 75 periodicals were were shut down by the government in this way and many others were given warnings.

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• The United States, of course, started out with a democratic revolution

• term totalitarianism was invented by Mussolini
• • Find other sources supporting these claims. Does washington really get its names, buildings and ideas from Ancient Athens? Was it Pericles who led to the downfall of democracy in Athens? How so, what did he do to cause the "cumble of democracy?" Did Aristotle not like democracy? How about Socrates or Plato? If I recall, they supported it, making fun of powerful leaders in their works. Actually, Socrates in the book I read made fun of the jury system. I guess that is a form of democratic society. Interesting. Why didn't he like Democracy? Did he think the philosophers should run the contry, since they were the great thinkers of the time?
• Pericles and his imperialist foreign policies led Athens into  such a national catastrophe that democracy was largely discredited in the  ancient Greek world.
• Athens was never a major world  power like Persia.
• Alexander the Great who made Greece a world power
• he despised Athenian democracy.   (Aristotle was Alexander's  tutor.
• The Roman Republic was  one of the most brutal imperialist regimes ever seen
• the Roman Republic did become a major  world power.
• After Augustus  established the Empire in 40 B.C., parliamentary democracy had so little  credibility that it largely disappeared for almost 1,700 years as a serious  political force in the wes
• China  where the state of Chin (considered the Sparta of ancient China) created the  first Chinese Empire.  This state was based on some of the most ruthless  political theories of totalitarian political control that the world has ever  seen, the theory of legalism.
• the first major empire in India was being created by  Emperor Chandrgupta I.
• The political master plan for this society is outlined in a very  detailed book by Kautilya, the Emperor's Prime Minister called the  Arthashastra
• the racial caste  system described in the ancient Book of Manu
• Parliamentary democracy was reborn in the late eighteenth  century and nineteenth century in Europe, being based on  idealized versions of  ancient Greece and Rome.
• • A lot of the ancient societies were led by single rulers. Egypt, Mya, Rome, Athens for a time, China, India, Japan, Russia...Why were they so successful? Why did they fall? Is it a cycle societies must go through? Rise of socialism, rise of democracy once socialism fails, fall of democracy because it is failing, and so on. Just like the typical sports fan, when the team is winning they totally support it, when they are losing they lose faith in their favorite team and start to dispise them.
• Power can be a double-edged sword.  The current "triumph" of parliamentary  democracy could well become its funeral wreath if it cannot reform itself.
• Ideas  from the past will be used to control the future
• Hitler gained power because he promised  to end the gridlock of the Weimar Republic.  The huge popularity of people such  as Hitler and Napoleon (as well as Augustus Caesar) shows that the people will  welcome leaders who promise to sweep away democracy in order to deal with  crises.
• Or could we replay such events as the Holocaust, Stalin's  Gulag Archipelago or Mao's "Great Leap Forward", which we now know killed over  40 million Chinese citizens under appalling circumstances?  We have already had  recent holocausts such as the mass murder of one million people in Rwanda and  the mayhem in that took place in the former Yugoslavia as democracy unleashed  the forces of racism and violence that had been kept in check by the  dictatorship of Tito.
• Technology will increase the hypnotic power of charismatic  leaders and will also enable levels of political control virtually unprecedented  in history. There is a lot of truth to Albert Speer's observation that a  key difference of Hitler's regime to those of the past was the role of  technology.
• Not since Augustus Caesar had there been such a total  orchestration of technology, media,  art and music for political purposes.

  • Was it Nero, I know it was some Roman emporer who made the horible use of technology in the making of the brass bull. A torture/murder devise used to burn victum alive while making music for a parties enjoyment. Also, the callisim, PEOPLE ENJOYED watching others be tortured and killed! WHY?!

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• it is rather a war  of two opposing worlds.

• individual trust
• concealed
• 5. A member of the organization immediately forms in his turn a second-degree cell around himself, in relation to which the previously formed cell assumes the role of a central cell, which all the members of the organization (or, in relation to the second-degree cells, the organizers) supply with the sum total of information obtained through their own cells; this is submitted to the next cell upwards.

  • Network!
• not to cultivate but to consolidate those forces which are already in existence
• general principle
• The total frankness of members with the organizer is the basis for the successful progress of the cause.
• The purpose of the sections is to achieve the independence and autonomy of the organization's work and their use as an extra guarantee of the security of the common cause.
• A section may send its members to inspect subordinate cells and dispatch them to fresh places in order to found new organizations.
  
• 12. Amongst the conditions necessary for a section to commence its activities are:

  • Is this really saying that the section must commence its activities in these conditions? Basically spread the propoganda of the revolution to all these societies? So this work is basically how the revolution is to go about gathering more people into the revolutionary cause. How it spreads from one area to another. Pretty smart actually. These next parts should be better though, talking more about the attitudes of the revolution itself I think.
• The revolutionary is a dedicated man. He has no interests of his own, no affairs, no feelings, no attachments, no belongings, not even a name. Everything in him is absorbed by a single exclusive interest, a single thought, a single passion - the revolution.
• he has broken every tie with the civil order and the entire cultivated world
• He is an implacable enemy of this world, and if he continues to live in it, that is only to destroy it more effectively.
• He knows of only one science, the science of destruction.
• despises all doctrinairism and has rejected the mundane sciences, leaving them to future generations.
• everything is moral which assists the triumph of revolution.
• merciless towards the state and towards the whole of educated and privileged society in general

  • So this revolution was for the workers against the educated it seems. The revolutionaries were trying to wiggle their way into all the different social classes in order to destroy the high ups, the "educated and privileged" of society.
• He must discipline himself to endure torture.
  
• cold and single-minded passion for the revolutionary cause.
• Hard towards himself, he must be hard towards others also.
• In cold-blooded and tireless pursuit of this aim, he must be prepared both to die himself and to destroy with his own hands everything that stands in the way of its achievement.
• no place either for personal hatred or vengeance.
• no place for any romanticism, any sentimentality, rapture or enthusiasm.
• The extent of his friendship, devotion and other obligations towards his comrade is determined only by their degree of usefulness in the practical work of total revolutionary destruction.
• considers his friend and holds dear only a person who has shown himself
• The need for solidarity among revolutionaries is self-evident. In it lies the whole strength of revolutionary work
• each man should as far as possible rely on himself.
• When a comrade gets into trouble, the revolutionary, in deciding whether he should be rescued or not, must think not in terms of his personal feelings but only of the good of the revolutionary cause.
• 12. The admission of a new member, who has proved himself not by words but by deeds, may be decided upon only by unanimous agreement.
• lives in it only because he has faith in its speedy and total destruction.
• All the worse for him if he has family, friends and loved ones in this world;
• he is no revolutionary if he can stay his hand.
  

  • I guess whoever started this revolution had no family.
• The revolutionary must penetrate everywhere
• society must be split up into several categories: the first category comprises those to be condemned immediately to death
• order of the relative harm they may do to the successful progress of the revolutionary cause
• The guiding principle must be the measure of service the person's death will necessarily render to the revolutionary cause
• deaths will also inspire the greatest fear in the government and, by depriving it of its cleverest and most energetic figures, will shatter its strength
• wealth, connections, influence and power
• high-ranking cattle
• third category
• must be exploited
• politically ambitious
• liberals of various hues
• pretending that we are blindly following them, while in fact we are taking control of them
• doctrinaires, conspirators, revolutionaries
• given to idle peroration
• forced into making violent declarations
• The sixth, and an important category is that of women
• We should regard these women as the most valuable of our treasures, whose assistance we cannot do without.
• Our society has only one aim - the total emancipation and happiness of the people, that is, the common laborers.
• The only revolution that can save the people is one that eradicates the entire state system and exterminates all state traditions of the regime and classes in Russia.
• our society does not intend to impose on the people any organization from above
• we must ally ourselves above all with those elements of the popular life which
• since the very foundation of the state power of Muscovy, have never ceased to protest
• the nobility, against the bureaucracy, against the priests, against the world of the merchant guilds, and against the tight-fisted peasant profiteer.

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• In short, education in today's world is capitalist education.

• Yesterday's incident was important. It happened because of the shameful system of arranged marriages, because of the darkness of the social system, the negation of the individual will, and the absence of the freedom to choose one's own mate. It is to be hoped that interested persons will comment on all aspects of this affair, and that they will defend the honour of a girl who died a martyr's death for the cause of the freedom to choose her own love. ...

  • How could one of the most cruel and fascist leaders write this? Did his mind change as he got older? He is saying that it is a crime to not allow someone freedom, even if it is just the freedom to choose your own mate.
• All of us, the potential victims, must be on our guard before this dangerous thing that could inflict a fatal blow on us. We should protest loudly, warn the other human beings who are not yet dead, and condemn the countless evils of our society. ...

  • Okay, I guess this makes a little sense, maybe. He hates society, thinks it is the evil and needs to be controlled. He then seeks to control it. He is the controller so his views are right and society is evil because they are wrong and must be taught lessons. I suppose thats why he became so evil.