Ajakubiak's List: DGL- Vocabulary

• Digital literacy is more than knowing how to send a text or watch a music video. It means having the knowledge and ability to use a range of technology tools for varied purposes.
• A digitally literate person can use technology strategically to find and evaluate information, connect and collaborate with others, produce and share original content, and use the Internet and technology tools to achieve many academic, professional, and personal goals.

• University Library of The University of Illinois defines digital literacy as:

   

  The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information.
• The ability to understand and use information in multiple formats from a wide range of sources when it is presented via computers.
• A person’s ability to perform tasks effectively in a digital environment… Literacy includes the ability to read and interpret media, to reproduce data and images through digital manipulation, and to evaluate and apply new knowledge gained from digital environments.
• Pamela Ann Kirst states in a November 2013 Zanesville Times Recorder article “Accessing information takes a nanosecond; the assimilation of that information, the interpretation and application of it, are the skills we need today. Anyone with Internet skills can find the data; it’s the finder who can tell us why it’s important that gets recognized.”

2 more annotations...

• When we think of digital literacy, we usually think of research–finding, evaluating, and properly crediting digital sources.
• But we are living in a world where the internet is disappearing, replaced by sheer connectivity.
• Take the idea of “literacy,” for example. Literacy can be reduced to the ability to make sense of ideas. This often means reading, but also viewing, observing, writing, creating, designing–each a kind of literacy, and each with nuanced fluencies of their own.
• A literate person is aware of multiple information sources, the pros and cons of media forms, and the value and credibility of information. A literate person can process diverse data sources, and suggest macro relevance and micro application of seemingly disparate ideas.
• Cornell University offers a definition that works, but seems a bit limited, and dated as well: “Digital literacy is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet.”
• This isn’t wrong so much as it focuses too much on technology and “the internet.” Literacy can’t be about the forms unless we’re talking about form literacy. Digital tools exist for access–finding information. Then finding better information. Socializing thinking. Connecting and contributing to digital communities you care about.
• “Digital literacy is the ability to interpret and design nuanced communication across fluid digital forms.”

5 more annotations...

• definitions keep changing because the digital and cultural environment keeps changing
• ‘inherent squishiness’ of digital literacy

• Digital literacy, they suggest, means:

   

  knowing how technology and media affect the ways in which we go about
   finding things out, communicating with one another, and gaining knowledge and understanding. And it also means understanding how technologies and media can
   shape and influence the ways in which school subjects can be taught and learnt.
• JISC (the Joint Information Systems Committee) understands digital literacy as  ‘those capabilities which fit an individual for living, learning and working in a digital society’

2 more annotations...

• But citizenship means more than behaving responsibly, it also means that we should be civically engaged: voting, keeping current and having our voice in political matters, and contributing to society. To this end, we need to get accurate information, and decide the verity of political messages that surround us. This same pro-active attitude and behavior also applies to the digital environment. Technology enables us to research significant social issues and to voice our opinions to a global audience.
• In short, digital citizenship means the ability to use technology safely, responsibly, critically, and pro-actively to contribute to society.

• This involves using technology effectively and not misusing it to disadvantage others. Digital Citizenship consists of numerous themes including appropriate online etiquette, literacy in how digital technology works and how to use it, an understanding of ethics and the law as it relates to technology, knowing how to stay safe online, and advice on health issues relating to the use of technology.

• Digital citizenship is a broad topic relating to the safe and ethical use of digital tools. In the past, the focus has been on Internet or Cybersafety for teaching kids how to be safe online. But moving beyond safety, there is a measure of skills required to be part of a global citizenship extending into our daily use of online collaboration and communication tools. Obvious examples of digital citizenship include not plagiarizing information you find on the web, not bullying others online, and using proper etiquette in email messages you send to your contacts. But as digital resources become more accessible on a global scale, digital citizenship reaches beyond lessons on being safe online and more into how to navigate the digital world.
• Merriam-Webster defines citizenship as “the quality of an individual’s response to membership in a community.” Adding the element of “digital” to this definition gives is a displacement from the physical community around us and into the computerized and interactive global community. It is the ability to act responsibly on the Web. And all citizenship is characterized as having both rights and responsibilities.
• Digital citizenship is a term encompassing the ability to be a safe and productive citizen online while also contributing to the global interconnection of the programmable and social Web. It can be defined as the ability to think critically, behave safely, and participate responsibly in the digital world.
• “Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior.”
• • Advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology
   
  • Exhibit a positive attitude toward using technology that supports collaboration, learning, and productivity
   
  • Demonstrate personal responsibility for lifelong learning
   
  • Exhibit leadership for digital citizenship

3 more annotations...

• Digital citizenship is usually defined as the "norms of behavior with regard to technology use." It encompasses digital literacy, ethics, etiquette, online safety, norms, rights, culture and more.
• • Digital Citizenship doesn't necessarily mean GOOD behavior!
• Managing your online behavior and monitoring your reputation are important elements of good digital citizenship.

1 more annotation...

• Digital identity can be defined as all the online information and data specifically about an individual.

• Your digital identity is made up of four categories of information / data:

   
   
  • Authentication elements: email address, user name, password, last name, first name, alias, IP address, etc.
   
  • Data: personal, administrative, occupational, banking, social data, etc.
   
  • Identifiers: photograph, logo, image, avatar, etc.
   
  • Digital traces: contributions to public content management systems such as Twitter, YouTube, Wikipedia, etc.

• At its core is the idea that individuals can express their identity in digital format.
• A digital identity is the result of digital codification of characteristics and attributes in a way that is suitable for processing by computer systems.^Footnote
• It represents a particular persona when engaging in online activities, which can be accessed by electronic or technical means. Unlike real-life identity, digital identities can range from a simple username/password combination unrelated to any specific  attribute or characteristic of the person to one that relies on sensitive and personally identifiable information from official credentials.
• First, an individual may have more than one valid digital identity, the characteristics of which may vary according to the context^{Footnote 16}, application, or service in which it is used.
• Secondly, digital identity in the networked world is not fixed but fluid; it changes over time and typically needs to be updated.

• From these we define Digital Identity as:

    

   

  …an identity developed in the online environment that can be accessed, used, stored, transferred or processed by means of electronic or computer devices or systems.

4 more annotations...

• Digital identity is the online representation of an individual within a community, as adopted by that individual and/or projected by others.  An individual may have multiple digital identities in multiple communities.
• • digital identities are performed across a variety of electronic spaces
   

• Security is more than just secrecy, it tends to function in one or more of the following four key areas.

   
   
  •   Secrecy - the goal is to keep confidential information private.
   
  •   Accuracy - the information received can be relied on.
   
  •   Availability - the system(s) will function when and how expected.
   
  •   Non-repudiation - the system guarantees transactional integrity.
   
   

• Digital security refers to ensuring the ability to use digital information and information systems without interference, disruption, unauthorised access or data collection. That is to say, having control over the storage, communication, use and access of our digital information. Sometimes, we may want to share information publicly in order to stay safe: for example, you may share your location with your friends and support network via text message or a social network if you find yourself being followed. Other times, we may want to keep information secret in order to stay safe: for example, we may encrypt our email conversations with our colleagues when organising a meeting, so that the location isn't discovered.

• The full definition of Digital Security (self-protection) is: taking necessary precautions to guarantee electronic digital safety.
• Digital Security is simply about being secure about everthing that is electronic.

• "Critical thinking is the identification and evaluation of evidence to guide decision making. A critical thinker uses broad in-depth analysis of evidence to make decisions and communicate his/her beliefs clearly and accurately."

• To think critically is, among other  things, to be fair and open-minded while thinking carefully  about what to do or what to believe.
• Thinking critically about a claim  involves interpreting it correctly, accepting or rejecting  it only for good reasons, and drawing reasonable conclusions  from it.
• Critical thinking is the ability  to engage in reasoned discourse with intellectual  standards such as clarity, accuracy, precision, and  logic, and to use analytic skills with a fundamental  value orientation that emphasizes intellectual humility,  intellectual integrity, and fair-mindedness.

1 more annotation...

• Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally. It includes the ability to engage in reflective and independent thinking.
• A critical thinker is able to deduce consequences from what he knows, and he knows how to make use of information to solve problems, and to seek relevant sources of information to inform himself.
• critical thinking can also play an important role in cooperative reasoning and constructive tasks. Critical thinking can help us acquire knowledge, improve our theories, and strengthen arguments. We can use critical thinking to enhance work processes and improve social institutions.
• f anything, critical thinking is an essential part of creativity because we need critical thinking to evaluate and improve our creative ideas.

2 more annotations...

• Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process  of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing,  synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or  generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or  communication, as a guide to belief and action"
• Most formal definitions characterize critical thinking as  the intentional application of rational, higher order thinking  skills, such as analysis, synthesis, problem recognition and problem  solving, inference, and evaluation
• Critical thinking is the ability to think about one's  thinking in such a way as 1. To recognize its strengths and  weaknesses and, as a result, 2. To recast the thinking in improved  form
• Critical thinking... means making reasoned  judgments

2 more annotations...

• • to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
  • to use (another's production) without crediting the source
  • to commit literary theft
  • to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source
• In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.