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25 Jun 08

Ethics Newsline » Commentary » Ethics and Earthquakes

  • Those who think ethics is merely an option — one of life’s electives, rather than an essential for survival — need to look closely at a photograph from last week’s news. It shows a pile of post-earthquake rubble in China’s Sichuan Province. Taken by a New York Times photographer, it captures all that is left of Xinjian Primary School, once a four-story building in the city of Dujiangyan. According to the accompanying story, several hundred children died in its May 12 collapse.
  • What makes the photograph remarkable, however, is not the rubble. It’s the two buildings flanking the pile. One is a kindergarten some 20 feet away. The other, a 10-story hotel, stands behind the site. Neither was seriously damaged. Nor was the Beijie Primary School, a five-minute walk away. Beijie, however, is for the children of the elite. Xinjian was for poorer children.
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Ethics Newsline » Commentary » Humanity’s Worst Threat: Poor Decision Making

  • To chart public priorities among these and other global issues, we recently did a small pilot survey of members of the Institute for Global Ethics. Given our mission, we wanted to know which issues raised the greatest ethical challenges to our global future.
  • we asked one of the report’s co-authors, Theodore J. Gordon, to join us for a follow-up conference call with our survey participants. Gordon, who was a founding board member of our Institute, conceived of the Millennium Project in the 1980s and remains one of the world’s most highly respected futurists. He’s been studying future issues and trends since well before 1971, when he founded his own consulting firm, The Futures Group. So we were eager to share with him our results.


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Ethics Newsline » Commentary » In Praise of Moral Nuance

  • Yet that very commonality poses a threat to ethical discourse. It can turn too easily into unwarranted certainty, smug self-confidence, and prickly assertiveness. The startling superficialities that pass for opinions on cable television and in today’s blogosphere remind us what happens when a culture of glib obduracy replaces a culture of reasoned questioning.


23 Jun 08

J. Budziszewski -- The Problem With Conservatism

  • Christians, of course, are not the only ones to have criticized mammonism. Warnings against the love of wealth were a staple even of ancient pagan conservatism. The idea was that virtue makes republics prosper, but prosperity leads to love of wealth, love of wealth leads to loss of virtue, and loss of virtue makes republics fall.
  • A more temperate but still objectionable form of mammonism is found in Toward the Future, a "lay letter" published in 1984 by a committee of prominent Catholic conservatives. Jesus told the story of a master who entrusts his servants with the care of his money while he is traveling to a distant place to receive a kingship. Upon his return, he finds that one servant has buried his share while the other two have made investments. The timid servant he scolds and dismisses, but the bold ones he praises and rewards with yet greater responsibilities. Traditionally the Church has understood this parable to mean that just as a king in this world expects his agents to take risks, not burying his money but investing it to earn a return, so God expects his people to take risks, not burying their gifts but using them to build up the Kingdom of Heaven. By contrast, the lay letter understands it to mean simply that God expects his people to invest their money to earn a return. "Preserving capital is not enough," the authors teach; "it must be made to grow." The use of gifts for the sake of the Kingdom becomes the growth of wealth for the sake of wealth.
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11 May 08

Debunking Popper: A Critique of Karl Popper's Critical Rationalism, by Nicholas Dykes

  • It is thus surprising to discover that Popper himself hardly lived
    up to this ideal of non contradiction. When one examines Critical
    Rationalism, for example, one soon notices that it is based on
    questionable premises; that its internal logic is seriously flawed;
    that it is inconsistent with other elements of Popper's thought;
    and that it leads to conflicts with his own publicly stated
    convictions.



  • Popper refused to grant any philosophical value to
    definitions: "Definitions do not play any very
    important part in science.... Our 'scientific knowledge'...
    remains entirely unaffected if we eliminate all definitions"
    [OSE2 14]. "Definitions never give any factual knowledge about
    'nature' or about the 'nature of things'"
    [C&R 20-21]. "Definitions.... are never really needed, and
    rarely of any use" [RASC xxxvi].
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The Sources and Influence of the Kant-Friesian School

  • The chart shows the cascade of Friesian influence after the Neo-Friesian revival by Leonard Nelson, together with Kantian and Scottish formative influences for Jakob Fries and for the more peripheral figures. The "Scottish Philosophy" of Hume and Smith is indicated, both for the inspiration provided for Kant, who was awakened from his "dogmatic slumber" by Hume, but also for the enduring foundation of sound economics provided by Smith.
  • Down the line, F.A. Hayek, C.G. Jung, and Mircea Eliade were probably unaware of the specifically Friesian influence on them.

    Nelson inadvisedly repudiated Rudolf Otto's philosophy of religion. Nelson's students and their associates, Grete Henry-Hermann, Paul Bernays, Gustav Heckmann, Stephan Körner, etc., although heroically perpetuating his memory, editing and publishing the great Gesammelte Schriften [Felix Meiner Verlag, 1949-74], maintaining his Philosophisch- Politische Akademie, and pursuing Nelson's practice of Socratic Method, sometimes, seeking to accommodate themselves to trends in more recent, sceptical philosophy, abandoned fundamental Friesian principles, especially in repudiating the unique Friesian doctrine of non-intuitive immediate knowledge. Nelson himself foretold this:

On Popper’s Understanding of Whitehead

  • While John Locke’s admonition against the "blind precipitancy" of passion should always guide the serious philosopher, an excess of zeal may well be forgiven when it involves the kind of innocent fallout that inevitably accompanies genius -- as is the case with Karl Popper. Sir Karl’s The Open Society and Its Enemies has become by now a classic argument for rationalism, as eloquent a defense of scientific tolerance as most believers in the law of noncontradiction are likely to want. Some exegetes, however, may take exception to Popper’s interpretation of what he calls Whitehead’s "wander[ing] off to such questions as the (Platonic) collectivist theory of morality" (OSE 248). I propose to show that Popper leapt to this conclusion a bit too hastily; for the passage he quotes by way of illustration does not permit an unequivocal reading. The contrary interpretation that I suggest has the added advantage of consistency with a rather straightforward 1939 article by Whitehead entitled, quite simply, "An Appeal to Sanity," whose message leaves uncharacteristically little room for confusion.1
08 May 08

An honest proposal

  • It’s easy to wax righteous after the fact. But often during the demands
    of decision making, the options don’t seem so clear cut as they do once their
    consequences are played out. The fact is, a lot of ethical questions in business
    don’t start out with an obvious right-versus-wrong kind of choice. Many times,
    ethical dilemmas seem to have valid arguments on both sides of the question.
    Then what do you do?
26 Apr 08

Lessons on integrity in politics

  • When you’re appointed to a position at higher levels of government,
    the document that represents your commission opens with this statement: “Reposing
    special trust in your integrity, prudence, ability, I do appoint you ...”—and
    then goes on to describe the position to which one is appointed.
  • My own integrity
    was tested in the White House while I was Deputy Counsel to then-President
    Nixon, and appointed to co-chair the “Plumbers,” a team tasked with discrediting
    Dr. Daniel Ellsberg. He was an antiwar activist who released classified documents
    about the US Vietnam War strategy to two major newspapers. We were also supposed
    to track down any other “leaks” of classified documents. But in carrying out
    our assignment, we broke the law.
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25 Apr 08

Sean Stannard-Stockton | Tactical Philanthropy

  • Sean Stannard-Stockton is a principal and director of Tactical Philanthropy at Ensemble Capital Management in Burlingame, CA, midway between San Francisco and Silicon Valley. Ensemble Capital provides families both traditional investment management and a unique, specialized approach to advancing their philanthropic interests.
24 Apr 08

Defeating Global Poverty: Businesses focused on the world's poorest

  • Now, I know that some people are concerned that these businesses will end up earning profits from these poor families and they feel this is morally wrong. I ask though what a better alternative is? For I think it is at least as morally wrong for us to withhold (or delay) the benefits of opportunity for these families in the name of protecting them from potential abuse.

Defeating Global Poverty: Critiquing microfinance, Part II

  • if you'd like to get a deeper understanding of the Compartamos IPO, there is an excellent case study written by Richard Rosenberg and published by CGAP (Consultative Group to Assist the Poor ... part of the World Bank) called CGAP Reflections on the Compartamos IPO.
    • Here are a few [of the many!] facts surrounding the Compartamos IPO:
      • Compartamos didn't issue any new shares as this was a secondary offering. Rather, certain shareholders sold their holdings on the Mexican stock exchange.
      • At the IPO, more than 2/3's of the shares of Compartamos were held by NGO shareholders who were (and are) committed to reducing poverty.
      • $275M or about 5/8ths of the IPO sale proceeds went to NGOs to reinvest in their missions and the rest (about $150M) went to private shareholders.
      • The IPO made public (and realized in the case of the stock sellers) the investor returns which had accumulated while the company was private. That is, while there likely was some upward bump due to market conditions in the value of the shares through the IPO process, most of the investor returns were not related to the IPO itself.
      • At the IPO, the market valuation of Compartamos was approximately $1.5B which represents a roughly 100% per year compounded return for investors over 8 years.
      • The interest rates charged by Compartamos in terms of yield in 2005 was 86.3% (when you add required VAT, the rate to borrowers is about 100%.)
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23 Apr 08

Edge: BREAKING THE GALILEAN SPELL By Stuart A. Kauffman

  • Dr. Kauffman
    is also an emeritus professor of biochemistry at the University of
    Pennsylvania, a MacArthur Fellow and an external professor at the
    Santa Fe Institute. He is
    the author of The Origins of Order, At
    Home in the Universe: The Search for the Laws of Self-Organization, Investigations
    and Reinventing the Sacred: A New View of Science, Reason, and Religion (Basic Books, forthcoming, May 5th).
  • The fourth injury is that all of us, whether we are secular or of faith, lack a global ethic. In part this is a result of the split, fostered by reductionism, between the world of fact and the world of values. We lack a shared worldwide framework of values that spans our traditions and our responsibilities to all of life, one another, and the planet. Secular humanists believe in fairness and the love of family and friends, and we place our faith in democracy. Our diverse religions have their diverse beliefs. But in the industrialized world all of us are largely reduced to consumers.
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21 Apr 08

Religion is ‘the new social evil’ - Times Literary Supplement

An unsophisticated analysis that reflects public opinion. There is a failure to acknowledge that subjectivism is a more serious threat to tolerance than is religion. If there is no objective standard ("my opinion is as good as yours"), then there is no reason (beyond civility) not to force one's moral opinions on others.

entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/...article3779988.ece - Preview

moral realism ethics religion society tolerance subjectivism

  • A CHARITY set up by an ardent Christian to fight slavery and the opium trade
    has identified a new social evil of the 21st century - religion.
  • Pollsters asked 3,500 people what they considered to be the worst blights on
    modern society, updating a list drawn up by Rowntree, a Quaker, 104 years
    ago.
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19 Apr 08

In Web World of 24/7 Stress, Writers Blog Till They Drop - New York Times

  • A growing work force of home-office laborers and entrepreneurs, armed with computers and smartphones and wired to the hilt, are toiling under great physical and emotional stress created by the around-the-clock Internet economy that demands a constant stream of news and comment.
  • Of course, the bloggers can work elsewhere, and they profess a love of the nonstop action and perhaps the chance to create a global media outlet without a major up-front investment. At the same time, some are starting to wonder if something has gone very wrong. In the last few months, two among their ranks have died suddenly.
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13 Apr 08

Jerusalem banned by politically correct clergy - Telegraph

  • The pseudo-scholarly clergy don't like that line because they deny the Glastonbury legend about Jesus coming to England with Joseph of Arimathea. This shows a numbskull literal-mindedness.

    When I preach the Resurrection on Easter Day, I try to evoke the Lord's appearances around Galilee, and on the walk to Emmaus, as if they had happened in my beloved Yorkshire Dales.

    Blake didn't think Jesus came to England, either. He was a poet and his lines are the stuff of imaginative allusion. But imagination is a bit beyond the reach of the polite mechanicals among the modern clergy.

  • Christians in England are redeemed by Christ, as surely as the first disciples were redeemed by him in Galilee. Blake's magnificent poem is a way of bringing this home to us, building the truth of the experience into our hearts and minds by using homely, national imagery.

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LRB · Jeremy Waldron: Reality Check

  • The One Per Cent Doctrine: it’s a striking methodology and a liberating one, and many people think it’s the only way to respond to the threat of low-probability, high-impact events. With it, the endless evidence-gathering and analysis that characterises traditional intelligence policy gives way to clarity. Nothing any longer needs to be conditional. We no longer say, ‘If X has happened, then we need to do Y,’ with all our effort being devoted to finding out whether X has in fact happened or (in an uncertain world) what its probability is. Instead we say, ‘If there is the smallest significant chance that X has happened, then we have no choice but to do Y.’ If X may lead to a catastrophe that must be avoided at all costs (like a nuclear attack on an American city), then we need to swing into action immediately and do Y. No further questions.
12 Apr 08

When our devious ministers inhale their own exhaust - Telegraph

  • As the skies darken, it would be nice to think that the Government was doing its best to mitigate looming damage. It would be comforting to believe that the country's economic storm shelters were in good shape.

    Unfortunately, those in charge have left the windows open and the shutters up. At a time when the country needs competent management, the Prime Minister is presiding over unimaginable state-sponsored profligacy.

  • The scale of lost resources is set out in impressive, albeit depressing, detail by David Craig in his latest book, Squandered - How Gordon Brown is wasting over one trillion pounds of our money*.
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BP and its bosses sued over alleged bribery of officials - Telegraph

The suit has been filed by Grynberg Production Corporation, a Denver-based oil company owned and run by chairman Jack Grynberg.

www.telegraph.co.uk/...main.jhtml - Preview

business ethics bribery ethics business:ethics corruption

  • The suit has been filed by Grynberg Production Corporation, a Denver-based oil company owned and run by chairman Jack Grynberg.
  • The core allegation is that the defendants, without Grynberg's knowledge, bribed officials in Kazakhstan to win oil rights from joint ventures in which Grynberg had an interest.
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01 Apr 08

Who's that selling at your (online) door? | csmonitor.com

Viral marketing continues to rise, spurring efforts to demand disclosure on the origin of content.

www.csmonitor.com/...p13s02-wmgn.html - Preview

astroturfing csmonitor ethics marketing viralmarketing womm word-of-mouth-marketing

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