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The Problem Of Machine Intelligence
There have been many discussions relating to transhumanism and augmenting intelligence as well as just intelligence itself. However, at the heart of many of these discussions the subject of Artificial Intalligence (AI) emerges. This raises the question of whether AI is possible and what it actually means.
Darwin's Robots | h+ Magazine
This experiment in swarm robotics shows both the coordination of multi-robot systems consisting of large numbers of simple physical robots and the evolution of collective communication behaviors. The study of artificial swarm intelligence as well as the biological studies of insects, ants, and other swarms in nature provides insight into the nature of intelligence in general, and offers an interesting perspective on the nature of Darwinian selection, competition, and cooperation.
Neuroscience: Small, furry … and smart
Tsien, based at Princeton University in New Jersey at the time, named his creation Doogie after the teenage genius in the television programme Doogie Howser, MD. The work was one of the earliest examples of neuroscientists using genetic engineering to generate cognitively enhanced animals in a bid to understand memory and learning.
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neuroscientists using genetic engineering to generate cognitively enhanced animals in a bid to understand memory and learning.
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Much of the work involves making an adult brain behave more like a younger, more flexible version of itself by increasing the organ's plasticity.
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Intelligence and EEG phase reset: A two compartmental model of phase shift and lock
ScienceDirect - NeuroImage :
The Domestication of the Savage Mind
James Flynn is best known for having discovered a stubborn fact. In a series of papers culminating in the classic 1987 article “Massive IQ Gains in 14 Nations: What IQ Tests Really Measure,” he established that in every country where consistent IQ tests have been given to large numbers of people over time, scores have been rising as far back as the records go, in some cases to the early 20th century. What Is Intelligence? is Flynn’s attempt to explain this phenomenon, now known as the Flynn effect. (American Scientist)
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in every country where consistent IQ tests have been given to large numbers of people over time, scores have been rising as far back as the records go, in some cases to the early 20th century.
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He claims the Flynn effect is a consequence of changes in the way people live and the skills they cultivate—changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution.
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Neuroscientists Map Intelligence In The Brain
Neuroscientists at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have conducted the most comprehensive brain mapping to date of the cognitive abilities measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), the most widely used intelligence test in the world. The results offer new insight into how the various factors that comprise an "intelligence quotient" (IQ) score depend on particular regions of the brain.
Different aspects of human intelligence correlate with cortical thickness versus neural activation.
According to the study: gC was more strongly related to structure (cortical thickness) than function, whereas gF was more strongly related to function (blood oxygenation level-dependent signal during reasoning) than structure. |Deric Bownds' MindBlog
Test explores if robots can think
An experiment has been taking place in Berkshire to see if robots are capable of intelligent thought. BBC NEWS | UK | England | Berkshire |
'Intelligent' computers put to the test
"Can machines think? That was the question posed by the great mathematician Alan Turing. Half a century later six computers are about to converse with human interrogators in an experiment that will attempt to prove that the answer is yes."
Animal Intelligence and the Evolution of the Human Mind
Subtle refinements in brain architecture, rather than large-scale alterations, make us smarter than other animals. (Scientific American)
High-Aptitude Minds: The Neurological Roots of Genius
"Most studies show that smarter brains are typically bigger—at least in certain locations. Part of Einstein’s parietal lobe (at the top of the head, behind the ears) was 15 percent wider than the same region was in 35 men of normal cognitive ability, according to a 1999 study by researchers at McMaster University in Ontario. This area is thought to be critical for visual and mathematical thinking. It is also within the constellation of brain regions fingered as important for superior cognition. These neural territories include parts of the parietal and frontal lobes as well as a structure called the anterior cingulate." (Scientific American)
Great Apes Think Ahead: Conclusive Evidence Of Advanced Planning Capacities
Osvath et al. Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and orangutan (Pongo abelii) forethought: self-control and pre-experience in the face of future tool use. Animal Cognition, 2008 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-008-0157-0
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Apes can plan for their future needs just as we humans can – by using self-control and imagining future events. Mathias and Helena Osvath’s research, from Lunds University Cognitive Science in Sweden, is the first to provide conclusive evidence of advanced planning capacities in non-human species.
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In humans, planning for future needs relies heavily on two mental capacities: self-control or the suppression of immediate drives in favor of delayed rewards; and mental time travel or the detached mental experience of a past or future event.
Lots of Animals Learn, but Smarter Isn’t Better
"Dr. Kawecki and like-minded scientists are trying to figure out why animals learn and why some have evolved to be better at learning than others. One reason for the difference, their research finds, is that being smart can be bad for an animal’s health." (Carl Zimmer, NYT)
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