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Addiction, free will and self control (Podcast)
Heard the one about the psychiatrist, the Supreme Court judge and the philosopher who walked in to a radio studio...? Join Natasha Mitchell and guests in a roundtable interrogation of how the brain sciences are changing our understanding of addiction, and the powerful consequences for notions of free will, responsibility and culpability. All In The Mind - 24 October 2009 -
Close Call Counts: Neuroscience of Gambling Addictions
Scientific American
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In our head, near misses, such as a lottery ticket just one number away from the jackpot, are interpreted as wins.
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activity in the striatum and the insula, areas involved in reinforcing behavior with positive feedback.
Gambling and Compulsion: Play at Your Own Risk
This post will look more closely at casino’s techniques to draw gamblers back to the slot chairs and the tables, focusing on both physiological aspects and engaged decision making. Ultimately, these observations will demonstrate that casinos create more than entertainment; they develop an entire compulsive experience.
Gambling Near-Misses Enhance Motivation to Gamble and Recruit Win-Related Brain Circuitry
“Near-miss” events, where unsuccessful outcomes are proximal to the jackpot, increase gambling propensity and may be associated with the addictiveness of gambling, but little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie their potency. Using a simplified slot machine task, we measured behavioral and neural responses to gambling outcomes.
Numbers up for dopamine myth
because of reward expectancy the dopamine system is most active when we think we can control the outcome and modify our strategy next time, even if that sense of control is completely false. (Mind Hacks)
Rehab, neuroscience, and religion
Jim Schnabel offers a brief essay in NatureNews on neuroscientists who are suggesting that is effectiveness of drug intervention programs is related to their strengthening of executive frontal lobe functions. (Deric Bownds' MindBlog)
Losers With Winners' Brains
One of the mysteries of gambling is that even when we should know we're going to lose, we somehow think we're going to win. Dr. Luke Clark, from the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Cambridge, may have discovered one of the reasons why. Using MRI, he studied brain activity in people gambling, looking particularly at "near misses" in which a loss seems close to a win. He found that the brain activated the same reward system that is activated in a real win, despite the fact that people report that these near misses are unpleasant. (CBC Radio | Quirks & Quarks | February 21, 2009)
Lies Addiction Experts Tell, #1 -- addiction is an equal-opportunity despoiler | Psychology Today Blogs
there is no typical alcoholic and, by extension, everyone is equally susceptible to alcoholism and addiction. Unfortunately, the science of epidemiology knocks this idea for a loop.
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If you had a strong motivation to pursue something as a kid, you were the opposite of high risk. This is why any good school administration will encourage whatever positive predilections kids exhibit, even if they're not the kind that lead to careers in medicine, law, or nuclear physics.
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