Matti Narkia's Library tagged wikipedia →  View Popular

"The "Selfish Brain" theory describes the characteristic of the human brain to cover its own, comparably high energy requirements with the utmost of priorities when regulating energy fluxes in the organism. The brain behaves selfishly in this respect. The "Selfish brain" theory amongst other things provides a novel explanation for the origin of obesity, the severe and pathological form of overweight. The Luebeck obesity and diabetes specialist Achim Peters developed the fundamentals of this theory between 1998 and 2004. The interdisciplinary "Selfish Brain: brain glucose and metabolic syndrome" research group headed by Peters and supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) at the University of Luebeck has in the meantime been able to reinforce the basics of the theory through experimental research. Scientists the world over now consider this work as pioneering for the study of the causes of pathological eating disorders and the development of innovative therapies."

en.wikipedia.org/...Selfish_Brain_Theory - Preview

Selfish Brain Theory wikipedia reference info obesity eating disorders glucose metabolic syndrome metabolic_syndrome nutrition

"Uffe Ravnskov (born 1934) is a Danish independent researcher, a member of various international scientific organisations, and a former private medical practitioner in Sweden. In recent years he has gained international recognition for his research into numerous scientific studies, leading to the publication of a book which stated that the widely popularised Lipid Hypothesis is scientifically invalid."

en.wikipedia.org/...Uffe_Ravnskov - Preview

Dr. Uffe Ravnskov wikipedia info reference cholesterol CVD CHD nutrition

"PPAR modulators are drugs which act upon the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor."

en.wikipedia.org/...PPAR_modulator - Preview

PPAR modulator modulators wikipedia info reference PPARs PPAR-alpha PPAR-delta PPAR-gamma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor receptors drugs medicine medical nutrition

In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes.[1] PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis[2] of higher organism.

en.wikipedia.org/...roliferator-activated_receptor - Preview

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor receptors PPARs PPAR molecular biology wikipedia info reference nutrition

"Coenzyme Q10 (also known as ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, and abbreviated at times to CoQ10 – pronounced like "ko-cue-ten" –, CoQ, Q10, or simply Q) is a 1,4-benzoquinone, where Q refers to the quinone chemical group, and 10 refers to the isoprenyl chemical subunits.

This oil-soluble vitamin-like substance is present in most eukaryotic cells, primarily in the mitochondria. It is a component of the electron transport chain and participates in aerobic cellular respiration, generating energy in the form of ATP. Ninety-five percent of the human body’s energy is generated this way.[1][2] Therefore, those o

en.wikipedia.org/...Coenzyme_Q10 - Preview

Coenzyme Q10 Coenzyme_Q10 ubiquinone ubidecarenone coq10 wikipedia reference statins statin beta blockers beta_blockers nutrition info CVD

"Thorium (pronounced /ˈθɔəriəm/, THOHR-ee-əm) is a chemical element with the symbol Th and atomic number 90. It is a naturally occurring, slightly radioactive metal. Thorium is estimated to be about three to four times more abundant than uranium in the Earth's crust. Thorium was successfully used as an alternative nuclear fuel to uranium in the molten-salt reactor experiment (MSR) from 1964-1969 to produce thermal energy, as well as in several light-water reactors using Th232-U233 fuel including the Shippingport Atomic Power Station (operation commenced 1977, decommissioned in 1982). Currently, officials in the Republic of India are advocating a thorium-based nuclear program, and a seed-and-blanket fuel utilizing thorium is undergoing irradiation testing at the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow.[2][3] Advocates of the use of thorium as the fuel source for nuclear reactor state that they can be built to operate significantly cleaner than uranium based power plants as the waste products are much easier to handle.[4]"

en.wikipedia.org/Thorium - Preview

Thorium Wikipedia info reference nuclear reactor power plant fuel

"Lectins are sugar-binding proteins which are highly specific for their sugar moieties. They typically play a role in biological recognition phenomena involving cells and proteins. For example, some viruses use lectins to attach themselves to the cells of the host organism during infection"

en.wikipedia.org/Lectin - Preview

lectin lectins wikipedia info reference nutrition

"In biology, phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms (for example, species, populations), which is discovered through molecular sequencing data and morphological data matrices. The term phylogenetics is of Greek origin from the terms phyle/phylon (φυλή/φῦλον), meaning "tribe, race," and genetikos (γενετικός), meaning "relative to birth" from genesis (γένεσις, "birth"). Taxonomy, the classification, identification, and naming of organisms, has been richly informed by phylogenetics but remains methodologically and logically distinct.[1] The fields overlap however in the science of phylogenetic systematics – colloquially often called "cladism" or "cladistics" –, where only phylogenetic trees are used to delimit taxa, which represent groups of lineage-connected individuals.[2] In biological systematics as a whole, phylogenetic analyses have become essential in researching the evolutionary tree of life."

en.wikipedia.org/...Phylogenetics - Preview

Phylogenetics info reference wikipedia biology

Life expectancy is the expected (in the statistical sense) number of years of life remaining at a given age.[1] It is denoted by ex, which means the average number of subsequent years of life for someone now aged x, according to a particular mortality experience. (In technical literature, this symbol means the average number of complete years of life remaining, ie excluding fractions of a year. The corresponding statistic including fractions of a year, ie the normal meaning of life expectancy, has a symbol with a small circle over the e.)

en.wikipedia.org/...Life_expectancy - Preview

Life expectancy Life_expectancy Wikipedia info reference

Kliini on biologiassa lajin sisäistä maantieteellistä erilaistumista kuvaava käsite, joka tarkoittaa vähittäistä (liukuvaa) muutosta eri alueilla vallitsevien fenotyyppien välillä. Erityisesti eri alueilla esiintyvien alalajien välillä voi olla vaihettumisvyöhyke, kliini, jossa populaation koostumus vähittäin muuttuu. Populaatiogenetiikassa kliinillä viitataan useimmiten yhden tietyn geenin taajuudessa esiintyvään maantieteelliseen muutokseen.

Kliini voi heijastaa luonnonvalinnan vaikutusta tai se voi johtua maantieteellistä eristyneisyyttä seuranneesta populaatioiden uudelleen kohtaamisesta.

Kliinin käsitteen otti käyttöön Sir Julian Huxley.

Ihmisrotujaottelua koskevassa keskustelussa kliiniteoria on esitetty vaihtoehtona kategoriselle rotuluokittelulle.

fi.wikipedia.org/Kliini - Preview

Kliini Wikipedia fenotyyppi alalaji rotu ihmisrotu biologia maantieteellinen erilaistuminen

fi.wikipedia.org/Ihmisrotu - Preview

Ihmisrotu Wikipedia info

D-vitamiini on yksi ihmisen tarvitsemista rasvaliukoisista vitamiineista. D-vitamiinin muotoja ovat kolekalsiferoli (D3) ja ergokalsiferoli (D2). Ihminen pystyy itsekin tuottamaan D-vitamiinia riittävässä auringonvalossa UVB-säteilyn vaikutuksesta.

D-vitamiini on steroidihormoni, jonka esimuotoa muodostuu ihossa tai saadaan ruoasta. D-vitamiinin vaikutukset välittyvät vitamiinireseptorin (VDR) kautta. Reseptoreita on kaikissa soluissa keskushermosto mukaan lukien. Useat kliiniset ja kokeelliset tulokset osoittavat D-vitamiinin vaikuttavan aivojen toimintaan.
D-vitamiini voi vähentää riskiä sairastua tyypin 2 diabetekseen[6]. Kansanterveyslaitoksen tutkijat seurasivat 17 vuotta noin 4000 suomalaisen naisen ja miehen terveydentilaa. Niillä henkilöillä, joiden veressä oli eniten D-vitamiinia, oli 40 % pienempi sairastumisriski verrattuna niihin, joiden veressä vitamiinia oli vähiten.

Maailman terveysjärjestön (WHO:n) syöväntutkimuslaitos IARC Lyonissa analysoi 18 suurta D-vitamiinitutkimusta, joihin oli osallistunut 57 311 ihmistä[7]. Heidän terveydentilaansa oli seurattu lähes kuusi vuotta. Sinä aikana 4 777 heistä kuoli. D-vitamiinia ravintolisänä käyttäneiden kuolleisuus oli kahdeksan prosenttia pienempi kuin muiden. D-vitamiinilisän päiväannos vaihteli 7,5:stä 50 µg:aan; keskimäärin se oli 14 µg. D-vitamiinilisää käyttävien ihmisten veressä oli 1,5–5,2 kertaa enemmän tätä vitamiinia kuin muilla[8].

Lontoon King’s Collegessa tehdyn tutkimuksen mukaan D-vitamiini lisää keuhkoissa tulehdusta vaimentavan tulehdussytokiinin, interleukiini 10:n (IL10:n) tuotantoa. Silloin astman oireet vähenevät, jopa sellaisilla potilailla, joihin kortisoni (deksametasoni) ei ole tehonnut[

fi.wikipedia.org/D-vitamiini - Preview

D-vitamiini Wikipedia info terveys ravitsemus D2 D3 D3-vitamiini D-2vitamiini VDR 25ohd SVT syöpä MS fibromyalgia reuma metabolinen oireyhtymä diabetes tyyppi_2 aivot

The calcitriol receptor, also known as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and also known as NR1I1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 1), is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors.[1] Upon activation by vitamin D, the VDR forms a heterodimer with the retinoid-X receptor and binds to hormone response elements on DNA resulting in expression or transrepression of specific geneproducts. In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene.[2]

en.wikipedia.org/...Calcitriol_receptor - Preview

Calcitriol receptor vitamin_D Calcitriol_receptor vitamin_D_receptor VDR info reference wikipedia

Jack Handey (born 25 February 1949) is an American humorist. He is best known for his Deep Thoughts, a large body of surrealistic one-liner jokes, as well as his "Fuzzy Memories" and "My Big Thick Novel" shorts. Although many people assume otherwise,[1][2] Handey is a real person, not a pen name or a character.

en.wikipedia.org/Jack_Handey - Preview

Jack Handey Jack Handey Jack_Handey Deep Thoughts Deep Thoughts Deep_Thoughts info reference wikipedia

Pattern recognition is "the act of taking in raw data and taking an action based on the category of the data".[citation needed] Most research in pattern recognition is about methods for supervised learning and unsupervised learning.

Pattern recognition aims to classify data (patterns) based either on a priori knowledge or on statistical information extracted from the patterns. The patterns to be classified are usually groups of measurements or observations, defining points in an appropriate multidimensional space. This is in contrast to pattern matching, where the pattern is rigidly specified.

en.wikipedia.org/...Pattern_recognition - Preview

Pattern recognition wikipedia info reference computing computer science tech patterns

In computer science, pattern matching is the act of checking for the presence of the constituents of a given pattern. In contrast to pattern recognition, the pattern is rigidly specified. Such a pattern concerns conventionally either sequences or tree structures. Pattern matching is used to test whether things have a desired structure, to find relevant structure, to retrieve the aligning parts, and to substitute the matching part with something else.

en.wikipedia.org/...Pattern_matching - Preview

Pattern matching wikipedia info reference computing computer science patterns tech

In the natural sciences, abiogenesis, or "chemical evolution", is the study of how life on Earth could have arisen from inanimate matter. It should not be confused with evolution, which is the study of how groups of living things change over time. Amino acids, often called "the building blocks of life", can form via natural chemical reactions unrelated to life, as demonstrated in the Miller-Urey experiment, which involved simulating the conditions of the early Earth. In all living things, these amino acids are organized into proteins, and the construction of these proteins is mediated by nucleic acids. Thus the question of how life on Earth originated is a question of how the first nucleic acids arose.

en.wikipedia.org/Abiogenesis - Preview

abiogenesis wikipedia biology evolution life origin info reference

fi.wikipedia.org/...El%C3%A4m%C3%A4n_alkuper%C3%A4 - Preview

Elämän synty alkuperä elämä abiogeneesi wikipedia info evoluutio biologia

The Bible is the central religious text of Judaism and Christianity.[1]

Modern Judaism generally recognizes a single set of canonical books known as the Tanakh, or Hebrew or Jewish Bible.[2] It comprises three parts: the Torah ("Teaching", also known as the Pentateuch or "Five Books of Moses"), the Prophets, and the Writings. It was primarily written in Hebrew with some small portions in Aramaic.[3]

Most of Protestant Christianity uses the books of the Tanakh, in a different order, as the Old Testament. Other Christian groups, such and the Catholics and Orthodox, include additional books in their Old Testament, called the Deuterocanonical Books, or the Apocrypha. The Christian Bible includes both the Old Testament and a collection of newer canonical books known as the New Testament.

en.wikipedia.org/Bible - Preview

Bible wikipedia info reference religion christianity judaism

The Flying Spaghetti Monster (or FSM) is the deity of the parody religion[1][2] the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Pastafarianism.[3] It was created in 2005 by Bobby Henderson as a satirical protest to the decision by the Kansas State Board of Education to require the teaching of intelligent design as an alternative to biological evolution in public schools. Since the intelligent design movement used ambiguous references to an unspecified "Intelligent Designer" to avoid court rulings prohibiting the teaching of creationism as a science, this presumably left open the possibility that any imaginable thing could fill that role.

In an open letter sent to the education board, Henderson parodies the concept of intelligent design by professing belief in a supernatural creator, which closely resembles spaghetti and meatballs.[4] He furthermore calls for the "Pastafarian" (a play on Rastafarian) theory of creation to be taught in science classrooms.

en.wikipedia.org/...Flying_Spaghetti_Monster - Preview

religion evolution humor funny science wikipedia info reference politics flying spaghetti monster ID intelligent_design creationism popular