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The Bioavailability of Vitamin D from Fortified Cheeses and Supplements Is Equivalent in Adults -- Wagner et al. 138 (7): 1365 -- Journal of Nutrition
The bioavailability of vitamin D from fortified cheeses and supplements is equivalent in adults.
Wagner D, Sidhom G, Whiting SJ, Rousseau D, Vieth R.
J Nutr. 2008 Jul;138(7):1365-71.
PMID: 18567762
Compared with baseline, serum parathyroid hormone decreased with both fortification (P = 0.003) and supplementation (P = 0.012). These data demonstrate that vitamin D is equally bioavailable from fortified hard cheeses and supplements, making cheese suitable for vitamin D fortification
Niacin best for raising good cholesterol | ZDNet Healthcare | ZDNet.com
"Want more of that good HDL cholesterol?
Try a timed-release niacin, and be skeptical if your doctor gives the sales pitch for Zetia or Vytorin.
The authority for this is a study dubbed ARBITER-6, which was stopped suddenly this summer, with the study’s authors insisting safety had nothing to do with it.
It was a question of efficacy.
The results, described in the New England Journal of Medicine, make clear that niacin does better at the main job, keeping arteries open"
Vitamin D may curb diabetes - Pharmacy News
A New Zealand study has found that South Asian women with insulin resistance improved markedly after taking vitamin D supplements
Nutrition researcher Pamela von Hurst of the Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health at Albany, said while diet and exercise played a major part in the onset of type-2 diabetes, her findings reinforced the importance of vitamin D from the sun and supplements to prevent type-2 diabetes.
Initial screening of 235 Auckland women from India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka aged 20 and older, revealed 47 per cent were insulin deficient and 84 per cent were vitamin D deficient. The 81 recruited for the study were split into two groups for a randomised controlled trial and given a vitamin D supplement or placebo. As well as an improvement in insulin resistance among those who took vitamin D for six months, Ms Von Hurst said post-menopausal women in the study also showed a reduced rate of bone breakdown.
Pine bark extract may boost diabetic eye health
"Supplements of French maritime pine bark extract may improve the flow of blood in the tiny blood vessels of the retina, and enhance sight in diabetics with early stage eye problems, says a new study.
Visual acuity, or the clearness of vision, was found to improve from 14/20 to 17/20 in people with early stage retina damage associated with diabetes (diabetic retinopathy) following daily supplements of the pine bark extract, Pycnogenol, for two months.
Forty-six diabetics participated in the randomised controlled study with the findings published in the Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
“Our study suggests that Pycnogenol taken in the early stages of retinopathy may enhance retinal blood circulation accompanied by a regression of oedema, which favourably improves vision of patients,” said lead researcher Dr Robert Steigerwalt. “Pycnogenol may be particularly beneficial for preventing this complication in diabetic patients, based on the large number of individuals who were diagnosed when the disease had already significantly progressed"
Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) study: a randomized trial of the effect of vitamins E and C on 3-year progression of carotid atherosclerosis - J Intern Med. 2000 Nov - Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) study: a randomized trial of the effect of vitamins E and C on 3-year progression of carotid atherosclerosis.
Salonen JT, Nyyssönen K, Salonen R, Lakka HM, Kaikkonen J, Porkkala-Sarataho E, Voutilainen S, Lakka TA, Rissanen T, Leskinen L, Tuomainen TP, Valkonen VP, Ristonmaa U, Poulsen HE.
J Intern Med. 2000 Nov;248(5):377-86.
PMID: 11123502
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00752.x
Conclusions. Our study shows that a combined supplementation with reasonable doses of both vitamin E and slow-release vitamin C can retard the progression of common carotid atherosclerosis in men. This may imply benefits with regard to other atherosclerosis-based events.
Six-Year Effect of Combined Vitamin C and E Supplementation on Atherosclerotic Progression: The Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) Study -- Salonen et al. 107 (7): 947 -- Circulation
Six-year effect of combined vitamin C and E supplementation on atherosclerotic progression: the Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) Study.
Salonen RM, Nyyssönen K, Kaikkonen J, Porkkala-Sarataho E, Voutilainen S, Rissanen TH, Tuomainen TP, Valkonen VP, Ristonmaa U, Lakka HM, Vanharanta M, Salonen JT, Poulsen HE; Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention Study.
Circulation. 2003 Feb 25;107(7):947-53.
PMID: 12600905
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000050626.25057.51
Conclusions— These data replicate our 3-year findings confirming that the supplementation with combination of vitamin E and slow-release vitamin C slows down atherosclerotic progression in hypercholesterolemic persons.
Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial : The Lancet
Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico.
[No authors listed]
Lancet. 1999 Aug 7;354(9177):447-55. Erratum in: Lancet 2001 Feb 24;357(9256):642. Lancet. 2007 Jan 13;369(9556):106.
PMID: 10465168
Interpretation
Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA led to a clinically important and satistically significant benefit. Vitamin E had no benefit. Its effects on fatal cardiovascular events require further exploration
Therapeutic applications of whey protein - 136.pdf (application/pdf Object)
Marshall K.
Therapeutic applications of whey protein.
Altern Med Rev. 2004 Jun;9(2):136-56. Review.
PMID: 15253675
Soy compounds may not prevent bone loss: MedlinePlus
"Wednesday, December 9, 2009
By Amy Norton
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Supplements containing soy isoflavones may do little to preserve women's bone mass after menopause.
In a study of more than 200 women ages 46 to 65, researchers found that the soy supplement did not appear to ward off bone-density loss over 3 years. In general, women on the supplement showed the same degree of bone loss as those given a placebo -- though there was some evidence that a higher dose helped protect bone density in the hip.
The findings, reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, add to a conflicting body of research on soy and postmenopausal bone health.
Some studies have suggested that soy-based foods, isolated soy protein or isoflavone-containing supplements may be beneficial, while others have found no advantage.
Isoflavones are natural chemicals found in soybeans and certain other plant foods that are structurally similar to estrogen, and may have certain estrogen-like effects in the human body. Since declining estrogen levels after menopause spur bone-density loss, isoflavone supplements could theoretically protect women's bone mass.
The current findings, however, do not support that theory."
Vitamin-D supplements benefit diabetic Indian women
"Women from India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka with insulin resistance showed marked improvement after taking vitamin D supplements, says a study.
Von Hurst, nutrition lecturer at the Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health at Albany, conducted the study for her doctoral thesis.
Insulin resistance is largely symptom-free and sufferers are unaware of their condition. 'Once it has fully developed into type-2 diabetes, it can be treated, but not cured,' says Von Hurst.
Von Hurst says that while diet and exercise play a major part in the onset of type-2 diabetes, her findings reinforce the importance of vitamin D from the sun and supplements to prevent type-2 diabetes. She also found evidence of vitamin D increasing bone strength in older women.
"
A preliminary study of the safety, feasibility and cognitive efficacy of soy isoflavone supplements in older men and women -- Gleason et al. 38 (1): 86 -- Age and Ageing
A preliminary study of the safety, feasibility and cognitive efficacy of soy isoflavone supplements in older men and women.
Gleason CE, Carlsson CM, Barnet JH, Meade SA, Setchell KD, Atwood CS, Johnson SC, Ries ML, Asthana S.
Age Ageing. 2009 Jan;38(1):86-93. Epub 2008 Dec 2.
PMID: 19054783
doi:10.1093/ageing/afn227
Conclusions: these data suggest that administration of 100 mg/day of isoflavones was well tolerated. Plasma genistein and daidzein levels, but not equol, increased with isoflavone administration. Finally, data support the potential cognitive effects of soy isoflavones in older adults.
Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity -- Wortsman et al. 72 (3): 690 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity.
Wortsman J, Matsuoka LY, Chen TC, Lu Z, Holick MF.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Sep;72(3):690-3. Erratum in: Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1342.
PMID: 10966885
Conclusions: Obesity-associated vitamin D insufficiency is likely due to the decreased bioavailability of vitamin D3 from cutaneous and dietary sources because of its deposition in body fat compartments.
Vitamin D can save half million babies each year: study - foodconsumer.org
"Friday Oct 16, 2009 (foodconsumer.org) -- Results of a new trial presented at an international research conference in Bruges suggest that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of premature births and boost the health of newborn babies, the Times reported Oct 10.
Vitamin D deficiency, which is common everywhere, has been linked in many previous studies to a variety of illnesses from heart disease, cancers, multiple sclerosis
and many others.
In the trial, Dr. Bruce Hollis and Dr. Carol Wagner of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, gave one group of pregnant women 4,000 IUs per day of vitamin D at about three months of pregnancy. They gave a second group 400 IUs per day, amounts recommended by U.S. and UK"
Vitamin D supplementation during the first year of life and risk of schizophrenia: a Finnish birth cohort study
Vitamin D supplementation during the first year of life and risk of schizophrenia: a Finnish birth cohort study.
McGrath J, Saari K, Hakko H, Jokelainen J, Jones P, Järvelin MR, Chant D, Isohanni M.
Schizophr Res. 2004 Apr 1;67(2-3):237-45.
PMID: 14984883
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation during the first year of life is associated with a reduced risk of schizophrenia in males. Preventing hypovitaminosis D during early life may reduce the incidence of schizophrenia.
Use of vitamin D in clinical practice. - Altern Med Rev. 2008 Mar
Use of vitamin D in clinical practice.
Cannell JJ, Hollis BW.
Altern Med Rev. 2008 Mar;13(1):6-20.
PMID: 18377099
The recent discovery--from a meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials--that supplemental cholecalciferol (vitamin D) significantly reduces all-cause mortality emphasizes the medical, ethical, and legal implications of promptly diagnosing and adequately treating vitamin D deficiency. Not only are such deficiencies common, and probably the rule, vitamin D deficiency is implicated in most of the diseases of civilization. Vitamin D's final metabolic product is a potent, pleiotropic, repair and maintenance, seco-steroid hormone that targets more than 200 human genes in a wide variety of tissues, meaning it has as many mechanisms of action as genes it targets. One of the most important genes vitamin D up-regulates is for cathelicidin, a naturally occurring broad-spectrum antibiotic. Natural vitamin D levels, those found in humans living in a sun-rich environment, are between 40-70 ng per ml, levels obtained by few modern humans. Assessing serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) is the only way to make the diagnosis and to assure treatment is adequate and safe. Three treatment modalities exist for vitamin D deficiency: sunlight, artificial ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, and vitamin D3 supplementation. Treatment of vitamin D deficiency in otherwise healthy patients with 2,000-7,000 IU vitamin D per day should be sufficient to maintain year-round 25(OH)D levels between 40-70 ng per mL. In those with serious illnesses associated with vitamin D deficiency, such as cancer, heart disease, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, autism, and a host of other illnesses, doses should be sufficient to maintain year-round 25(OH)D levels between 55 -70 ng per mL. Vitamin D-deficient patients with serious illness should not only be supplemented more aggressively than the well, they should have more frequent monitoring of serum 25(OH)D and serum calcium. Vitamin D should always be adjuvant treatment in patients with serious ill
Effect of low dose vitamin K2 (MK-4) supplementation on bio-indices in postmenopausal Japanese women (full text PDF)
Effect of low dose vitamin K2 (MK-4) supplementation on bio-indices in postmenopausal Japanese women.
Koitaya N, Ezaki J, Nishimuta M, Yamauchi J, Hashizume E, Morishita K, Miyachi M, Sasaki S, Ishimi Y.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2009 Feb;55(1):15-21.
PMID: 19352059
It has been reported that treatment with a pharmacological dose (45 mg/d) of menaquinone-4 (MK-4) prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women. However, it is not known whether supplementation with low dose MK-4 has beneficial effects on bone metabolism in healthy women. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the supplementation of 1.5 mg/d MK-4 for 4 wk on bone and lipid metabolism in healthy postmenopausal Japanese women. The study was performed as a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. The participants aged 53-65 y were randomly assigned to 2 groups and supplemented with 1.5 mg/d of MK-4 or a placebo for 4 wk (n=20 for each group). The most marked effects of MK-4 intake were observed on serum osteocalcin (OC) concentrations. Serum undercarboxylated OC (ucOC) concentration decreased, and the gamma-carboxylated OC (GlaOC) and GlaOC/GlaOC+ucOC ratio that indicates the degree of OC gamma-carboxylation increased significantly at 2 and 4 wk compared with that at baseline in the MK-4 group. The serum ucOC and GlaOC concentrations in the MK-4 group were significantly different from those in the placebo group at 2 wk. These results suggest that supplementation with 1.5 mg/d MK-4 accelerated the degree of OC gamma-carboxylation. The concentrations of serum lipids and other indices were not different between the groups at either intervention period. Thus, the additional intake of MK-4 might be beneficial in the maintenance of bone health in postmenopausal Japanese women.
Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation - Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons Volume 14 Number 2 - Summer 2009
Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation
Joel M. Kauffman, Ph.D.
Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons
Volume 14 Number 2 - Summer 2009
Clinical trials show that vitamin D supplementation at higher
levels than previously recommended is beneficial for many
conditions. It decreases the frequency of falls and fractures, helps
prevent cardiovascular disease, and reduces symptoms of colds or
influenza. Benefits are also seen in diabetes mellitus, multiple
sclerosis, Crohn disease, pain, depression, and possibly autism.
Sunlight does not cause an overdose of vitamin D production,
and toxicity from supplementation is rare. Dose recommendations
are increasing, but appear to be lagging the favorable trial results. A
number of common drugs deplete vitamin D levels, and others may
limit its biosynthesis from sunlight.
People with adequate levels from sun exposure will not benefit
from supplementation. While dietary intake is helpful,
supplementation is better able to raise serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ,
the major circulating metabolite, to the level now thought adequate,
30-50 ng/mL.
Where there is inadequate daily sun exposure, oral doses of
1,000-2,000 IU/d are now considered routine, with much higher
doses (up to 50,000 IU) for rapid repletion now considered safe.
Benefit-risk assessment of vitamin D supplementation. - Osteoporos Int. 2009 Dec 3. - SpringerLink - Journal Article
Benefit-risk assessment of vitamin D supplementation.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Shao A, Dawson-Hughes B, Hathcock J, Giovannucci E, Willett WC.
Osteoporos Int. 2009 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19957164
Conclusion Our analysis suggests that mean serum 25(OH)D levels of about 75 to 110 nmol/l provide optimal benefits for all investigated endpoints without increasing health risks. These levels can be best obtained with oral doses in the range of 1,800 to 4,000 IU vitamin D per day; further work is needed, including subject and environment factors, to better define the doses that will achieve optimal blood levels in the large majority of the population.
How to Optimize Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Cancer, Based on Cellular Adaptation and Hydroxylase Enzymology (full text PDF in slideshare)
How to optimize vitamin D supplementation to prevent cancer, based on cellular adaptation and hydroxylase enzymology.
Vieth R.
Anticancer Res. 2009 Sep;29(9):3675-84. Review.
PMID: 19667164
Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins. - Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12):1344-51.
Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins.
Kong W, Wei J, Abidi P, Lin M, Inaba S, Li C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Si S, Pan H, Wang S, Wu J, Wang Y, Li Z, Liu J, Jiang JD.
Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12):1344-51. Epub 2004 Nov 7.
PMID: 15531889
doi:10.1038/nm1135
We identify berberine (BBR), a compound isolated from a Chinese herb, as a new cholesterol-lowering drug. Oral administration of BBR in 32 hypercholesterolemic patients for 3 months reduced serum cholesterol by 29%, triglycerides by 35% and LDL-cholesterol by 25%. Treatment of hyperlipidemic hamsters with BBR reduced serum cholesterol by 40% and LDL-cholesterol by 42%, with a 3.5-fold increase in hepatic LDLR mRNA and a 2.6-fold increase in hepatic LDLR protein. Using human hepatoma cells, we show that BBR upregulates LDLR expression independent of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, but dependent on ERK activation. BBR elevates LDLR expression through a post-transcriptional mechanism that stabilizes the mRNA. Using a heterologous system with luciferase as a reporter, we further identify the 5' proximal section of the LDLR mRNA 3' untranslated region responsible for the regulatory effect of BBR. These findings show BBR as a new hypolipidemic drug with a mechanism of action different from that of statin drugs.
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