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Fatty acid intake and the risk of community-acquired pneumonia in U.S. women.
Alperovich M, Neuman MI, Willett WC, Curhan GC.
Nutrition. 2007 Mar;23(3):196-202. Epub 2007 Jan 22.
PMID: 17236748
doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2006.11.007.

Conclusions
Fatty acid intake may affect the risk of community-acquired pneumonia in young and middle-aged women. Higher dietary intake of palmitic acid and possibly DHA and EPA may increase the risk of community-acquired pneumonia in women while higher oleic acid intake may decrease the risk.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2293281 - Preview

2007 March study research epidemiological humans women fatty acid acids intake omega-3 EPA DHA fish_oil palmitic_acid community-acquired pneumonia risk pneumonia_risk Willett nutrition medline oleic_acid olive_oil

Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.
Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Ciotola M, Di Palo C, Scognamiglio P, Gicchino M, Petrizzo M, Saccomanno F, Beneduce F, Ceriello A, Giugliano D.
Ann Intern Med. 2009 Sep 1;151(5):306-14. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med. 2009 Oct 20;151(8):591.
PMID: 19721018

Conclusion: Compared with a low-fat diet, a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diet led to more favorable changes in glycemic control and coronary risk factors and delayed the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in overweight patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

www.annals.org/...306.short - Preview

2009 September annals study research clinical_trial rct humans overweight patients diabetic Mediterranean-style Mediterranen diet Mediterranen_diet low-fat low-fat_diet type_2 diabetes nutrition glycemic_control CVD CHD risk_factors nutrtion medline

One-year comparison of a high-monounsaturated fat diet with a high-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes.
Brehm BJ, Lattin BL, Summer SS, Boback JA, Gilchrist GM, Jandacek RJ, D'Alessio DA.
Diabetes Care. 2009 Feb;32(2):215-20. Epub 2008 Oct 28.
PMID: 18957534
doi: 10.2337/dc08-0687

CONCLUSIONS—In individuals with type 2 diabetes, high-MUFA diets are an alternative to conventional lower-fat, high-CHO diets with comparable beneficial effects on body weight, body composition, cardiovascular risk factors, and glycemic control.

care.diabetesjournals.org/...215.long - Preview

2009 February study research clinical:trial rct humans patients diabetic High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet High-Monounsaturated_Fat high MUFA high_MUFA high_MUFA_diet high-carbohydrate high-carbohydrate_diet type_2 diabetes nutrition CVD medline

Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease.
Wang TJ, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, Jacques PF, Ingelsson E, Lanier K, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB, Wolf M, Vasan RS.
Circulation. 2008 Jan 29;117(4):503-11. Epub 2008 Jan 7.
PMID: 18180395
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127

Conclusions— Vitamin D deficiency is associated with incident cardiovascular disease. Further clinical and experimental studies may be warranted to determine whether correction of vitamin D deficiency could contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

circ.ahajournals.org/...503 - Preview

2008 January Circulation study research epidemiological humans vitamin_D 25ohd deficiency CVD CVD_risk incident prevention nutrition medline low_levels

Regression of warfarin-induced medial elastocalcinosis by high intake of vitamin K in rats.
Schurgers LJ, Spronk HM, Soute BA, Schiffers PM, DeMey JG, Vermeer C.
Blood. 2007 Apr 1;109(7):2823-31.
PMID: 17138823
DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-035345.

This is the first study in rats demonstrating that AC and the resulting decreased arterial distensibility are reversible by high-VK intakenstrating that AC and the resulting decreased arterial distensibility are reversible by high-VK intake

bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/...2823 - Preview

2007 April Blood study research in_vivo animal_study arterial_calcification arterial calcification Matrix Gla protein MGP vitamin_K vitamin_K2 vitamin_K1 reversible reversed reversal warfarin nutrition medline regression warfarin-induced arteries CVD CHD

Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease.
Wang TJ, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, Jacques PF, Ingelsson E, Lanier K, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB, Wolf M, Vasan RS.
Circulation. 2008 Jan 29;117(4):503-11. Epub 2008 Jan 7.
PMID: 18180395
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127

Conclusions—Vitamin D deficiency is associated with incident cardiovascular disease. Further clinical and experimental studies may be warranted to determine whether correction of vitamin D deficiency could contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

circ.ahajournals.org/...CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127v1 - Preview

2008 January Circulation study research epidemiological humans vitamin_D CVD risk CVD_risk risk_factors nutrition medline incident

High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in a cohort of breastfeeding mothers and their infants: a 6-month follow-up pilot study.
Wagner CL, Hulsey TC, Fanning D, Ebeling M, Hollis BW.
Breastfeed Med. 2006 Summer;1(2):59-70.
PMID: 17661565
doi:10.1089/bfm.2006.1.59.

Objective: To examine the effect of high-dose maternal vitamin D3 (vitD) supplementation on the nutritional vitD status of breastfeeding (BF) women and their infants compared with maternal and infant controls receiving 400 and 300 IU vitD/day, respectively.

Design: Fully lactating women (n = 19) were enrolled at 1–month postpartum into a randomized- control pilot trial. Each mother received one of two treatments for a 6–month study period: 0 or 6000 IU vitD3 plus a prenatal vitamin containing 400 IU vitD3. The infants of mothers assigned to the control group received 300 IU vitD3/day; those infants of mothers in the high-dose group received 0 IU (placebo). Maternal serum and milk vitD and 25(OH)D were measured at baseline then monthly; infant serum vitD and 25(OH)D were measured at baseline, and months 4 and 7. Urinary calcium/creatinine ratios were measured monthly in both mothers and infants. Dietary and BF history and outdoor activity questionnaires were completed at each visit. Changes in skin pigmentation were measured by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using chi-square, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) on an intent-to-treat basis.

Conclusion: With limited sun exposure, an intake of 400 IU/day vitamin D3 did not sustain circulating maternal 25(OH)D levels, and thus, supplied only extremely limited amounts of vitamin D to the nursing infant via breast milk. Infant levels achieved exclusively through maternal supplementation were equivalent to levels in infants who received oral vitamin D supplementation. Thus, a maternal intake of 6400 IU/day vitamin D elevated circulating 25(OH)D in both mother and nursing infant.

www.liebertonline.com/...bfm.2006.1.59 - Preview

2006 July study research clinical_trial pilot triaö Hollis Wagner breastfeeding mothers infants high-dose vitamin_D3 vitamin_D supplementation nutrition medline

The polyp prevention trial continued follow-up study: no effect of a low-fat, high-fiber, high-fruit, and -vegetable diet on adenoma recurrence eight years after randomization.
Lanza E, Yu B, Murphy G, Albert PS, Caan B, Marshall JR, Lance P, Paskett ED, Weissfeld J, Slattery M, Burt R, Iber F, Shike M, Kikendall JW, Brewer BK, Schatzkin A; Polyp Prevention Trial Study Group.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Sep;16(9):1745-52.
PubMed PMID: 17855692
doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0127

his study failed to show any effect of a low-fat, high-fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable eating pattern on adenoma recurrence even with 8 years of follow-up.

cebp.aacrjournals.org/...1745.long - Preview

2007 September study research clnical_trial rct Polyp Prevention Trial PPT follow-up no effect no_effect high fiber fruit vegetable vegetables Adenoma Recurrence nutrition medline colorectal cancer

Dietary protein and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Darling AL, Millward DJ, Torgerson DJ, Hewitt CE, Lanham-New SA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19889822

www.ajcn.org/...1674 - Preview

2009 November ajcn study research systematic review meta-analysis Dietary protein bone health bone_health BMD osteoporosis nutrition medline

Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids is not associated with a reduction in carotid atherosclerosis: the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives study.
Ebbesson SO, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Kaufman D, Fabsitz RR, Maccluer JW, Dyke B, Laston S, Wenger CR, Comuzzie AG, Romenesko T, Ebbesson LO, Nobmann ED, Howard BV.
Atherosclerosis. 2008 Aug;199(2):346-53. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
PMID: 18054937
doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.10.020

Conclusions
Dietary intake of omega-3 FAs in a moderate-to-high range does not appear to be associated with reduced plaque, but is negatively associated with IMT. The presence and extent of carotid atherosclerosis among Eskimos is higher with increasing consumption of saturated FAs.

www.sciencedirect.com/science - Preview

2008 August study research epidemiological humans Alaska Eskimos Alaskan natives Atherosclerosis CVD CHD GOCADAN omega-3 sfa saturated_fat palmitate nutrition medline carotid IMT CIMT

Prevalence and correlates of subclinical atherosclerosis in Alaska Eskimos: the GOCADAN study.
Cutchins A, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Ebbesson SO, Umans JG, Zhu J, Weissman NJ, Howard BV.
Stroke. 2008 Nov;39(11):3079-82. Epub 2008 Jul 10.
PMID: 18617652
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.519199

Conclusions— Alaska Eskimos have similar traditional risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis as other ethnic and racial populations but have higher prevalences of atherosclerosis, possibly attributable to higher rates of smoking.

stroke.ahajournals.org/...3079 - Preview

2008 November stroke study research epidemiological humans Alaska Eskimos: Alaskan natives GOCADAN CVD CHD omega-3 smoking carotid IMT CIMT atherosclerosis prevalence nutrition risk_factors medline

Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and the distribution of lipoprotein subclasses in men aged 40 to 49 years between whites in the United States and the Japanese in Japan for the ERA JUMP study.
Sekikawa A, Ueshima H, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Kadowaki T, El-Saed A, Okamura T, Takamiya T, Ueno Y, Evans RW, Nakamura Y, Edmundowicz D, Kashiwagi A, Maegawa H, Kuller LH.
Metabolism. 2008 Feb;57(2):177-82.
PMID: 18191046
doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.08.022.

In men in the post World War II birth cohort, i.e., men aged 40–49, whites in the United States (U.S.) had significantly higher levels of intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries (IMT) than the Japanese in Japan.

The whites had significantly higher levels of large very-low-density-lipoprotein particles and significantly lower levels of large high-density-lipoprotein particles than the Japanese, whereas the two populations had similar levels of small low-density-lipoprotein particles. The two populations had similar associations of IMT with NMR lipoproteins. Adjusting for NMR lipoproteins did not attenuate the significant difference in IMT between the two populations (0.671 ± 0.006 for the whites and 0.618 ± 0.006 mm for the Japanese, P=0.01, mean (standard error)). Differences in the distributions of NMR lipoproteins between the two populations did not explain the higher IMT in the whites.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2245878 - Preview

2008 February study research epidemiological humans Japan USA Japanese whites ERA JUMP CIMT carotid IMT CVD CHD VLDL HDL nutrition LDL NMR lipoproteins particle sizes particle_sizes

Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids and atherosclerosis in Japanese, Japanese-American, and white men: a cross-sectional study.
Sekikawa A, Curb JD, Ueshima H, El-Saed A, Kadowaki T, Abbott RD, Evans RW, Rodriguez BL, Okamura T, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Nakamura Y, Masaki K, Edmundowicz D, Kashiwagi A, Willcox BJ, Takamiya T, Mitsunami K, Seto TB, Murata K, White RL, Kuller LH; ERA JUMP (Electron-Beam Tomography, Risk Factor Assessment Among Japanese and U.S. Men in the Post-World War II Birth Cohort) Study Group.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Aug 5;52(6):417-24.
PMID: 18672160

Conclusions
Very high levels of marine-derived n-3 FAs have anti-atherogenic properties independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and may contribute to lower burden of atherosclerosis in Japanese in Japan, which is unlikely due to genetic factors.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2736602 - Preview

2008 August jacc bstudy research epidemiological humans Japan USA ERA JUMP omega-3 Japanese EPA DHA IMT CIMT CAC CVD CHD nutrition coronary artery calcification carotid calcium score heart_scan

Safety of vitamin D3 in adults with multiple sclerosis.
Kimball SM, Ursell MR, O'Connor P, Vieth R.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Sep;86(3):645-51.
PMID: 17823429

Conclusions: Patients' serum 25(OH)D concentrations reached twice the top of the physiologic range without eliciting hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria. The data support the feasibility of pharmacologic doses of vitamin D3 for clinical research, and they provide objective evidence that vitamin D intake beyond the current upper limit is safe by a large margin.

www.ajcn.org/...645 - Preview

2007 September ajcn study research Vieth vitamin_D clinical_trial humans patients high dose doses multiple sclerosis multiple_sclerosis MS nutrition high_dose high_doses high-dose calcium supplementation dose-escalation safety safe 25ohd pharmacological

"In 1995 my son received the devastating diagnosis of MS. Having been a research scientist for 30 years, I decided to plunge into the scientific literature for MS to determine the most likely factors which cause MS and to use this information to develop an effective therapy for my son.

Notably, many people are having great success in halting or greatly slowing MS with nutritional strategies; many Testimonials are available. I am most pleased to report that my son remains in excellent health with no MS symptoms.

I discovered abundant scientific evidence that indicates that various nutritional factors potentially play major roles in the onset and progression of MS. Strangely, this information was not being made available to persons with MS by doctors nor by established MS charities."

www.direct-ms.org - Preview

DIRECT-MS multiple sclerosis multiple_sclerosis MS vitamin_D Vieth presentation video videos presentations portal directory studies research audio audios silde slides nutrition info reference dietary supplements supplementation science booklets

Professor Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory Medicine, and Pathobiology, Bone and Mineral Laboratory, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3E2
Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

www.vitamindandms.org/...vieth.html - Preview

vitamindandm vitamin_D multiple sclerosis multiple_sclerosis MS Reinhold Vieth professor researcher biography nutrition studies current research Reinhold_Vieth

"This website is about Vitamin D and MS

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an uncertain cause. Colleen Hayes and Donald Achaeson have suggested that insufficient sunlight exposure and chronic viral infections might be unrelated environmental risk factors for MS. These risk factors may act synergistically to enable the pathogenic autoimmune response.

The prevalence of MS is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin D are lowest. Sunshine enables the production of vitamin D3 (VD3) in the skin. Epidemiological studies have shown that higher vitamin D blood levels are associated with lower risk, less relapses and a slower progression of multiple sclerosis. Higher vitamin D levels can be achieved in part by increased oral intake of VD3.

Optimal health requires serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels higher than 20 ng/ml (50 nmol/L) P Lips, 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) P Heaney or at least 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) R Vieth. "

www.vitamindandms.org/index.html - Preview

vitamin_D multiple sclerosis multiple_sclerosis MS info reference portal directory studies nutrition news_service news service research 25ohd Lips Heaney Vieth optimal health researchers

Cancer Incidence and Mortality After Treatment With Folic Acid and Vitamin B12.
Ebbing M, Bønaa KH, Nygård O, Arnesen E, Ueland PM, Nordrehaug JE, Rasmussen K, Njølstad I, Refsum H, Nilsen DW, Tverdal A, Meyer K, Vollset SE.
JAMA. 2009 Nov 18;302(19):2119-2126. v
PMID: 19920236

Conclusion Treatment with folic acid plus vitamin B12 was associated with increased cancer outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease in Norway, where there is no folic acid fortification of foods.

jama.ama-assn.org/...2119 - Preview

2009 November JAMA study research clinical_trial clinical_trials rct rcts humans Norway folic_acid vitamin_B2 supplementation cancer incidence mortality all-cause risk nutrition all-causes total cancer_risk vitamin_B6 medline

Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial.
Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Armstrong WT, Ports TA, McLanahan SM, Kirkeeide RL, Brand RJ, Gould KL.
Lancet. 1990 Jul 21;336(8708):129-33.
PMID: 1973470

www.thelancet.com/...abstract - Preview

1990 July Lancet study research clinical_trial rct humans Ornish lifestyle changes reverse CVD CHD treatment nutrition regressed low-fat diet low-fat_diet vegetarian vegetarian_diet regression atherosclerosis exercise training smoking stress medline

The carnivore connection: dietary carbohydrate in the evolution of NIDDM.
Miller JC, Colagiuri S.
Diabetologia. 1994 Dec;37(12):1280-6.
PMID: 7895958

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...7895958 - Preview

1994 December Diabetologia study research carnivore connection insulin resistance insulin_resistance dietary carbohydrates nutrition paleolithic diet paleolithic_diet type_2 diabetes evolution Miller