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Benefits and requirements of vitamin D for optimal health: a review - Altern Med Rev. 2005 Jun
Grant WB, Holick MF.
Benefits and requirements of vitamin D for optimal health: a review.
Altern Med Rev. 2005 Jun;10(2):94-111. Review.
PMID: 15989379
Multiple Sclerosis and You - Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments Blog - ms.about.com
Multiple Sclerosis Blog
By Julie Stachowiak, Ph.D.,
High doses of vitamin D could cut relapse rate among MS sufferers - Times Online
"Powerful new evidence about the ability of vitamin D to stem a wide range of diseases has brought the prospect of a nationwide programme to prescribe it in Scotland as a dietary supplement significantly closer.
Reports at the weekend suggested that experts were increasingly convinced that the so-called sunshine drug — whose significance was first revealed in detail by The Times last year — could make a difference to the country’s appalling health record.
New research suggests that high doses of vitamin D could dramatically cut the relapse rate in people with multiple sclerosis. According to scientists in Canada, more than a third of sufferers taking high levels of supplement
Safety of vitamin D3 in adults with multiple sclerosis -- Kimball et al. 86 (3): 645 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Safety of vitamin D3 in adults with multiple sclerosis.
Kimball SM, Ursell MR, O'Connor P, Vieth R.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Sep;86(3):645-51.
PMID: 17823429
Conclusions: Patients' serum 25(OH)D concentrations reached twice the top of the physiologic range without eliciting hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria. The data support the feasibility of pharmacologic doses of vitamin D3 for clinical research, and they provide objective evidence that vitamin D intake beyond the current upper limit is safe by a large margin.
DIRECT-MS
"In 1995 my son received the devastating diagnosis of MS. Having been a research scientist for 30 years, I decided to plunge into the scientific literature for MS to determine the most likely factors which cause MS and to use this information to develop an effective therapy for my son.
Notably, many people are having great success in halting or greatly slowing MS with nutritional strategies; many Testimonials are available. I am most pleased to report that my son remains in excellent health with no MS symptoms.
I discovered abundant scientific evidence that indicates that various nutritional factors potentially play major roles in the onset and progression of MS. Strangely, this information was not being made available to persons with MS by doctors nor by established MS charities."
Vitamin D and MS: Vieth
Professor Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory Medicine, and Pathobiology, Bone and Mineral Laboratory, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3E2
Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Vitamin D and MS
"This website is about Vitamin D and MS
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an uncertain cause. Colleen Hayes and Donald Achaeson have suggested that insufficient sunlight exposure and chronic viral infections might be unrelated environmental risk factors for MS. These risk factors may act synergistically to enable the pathogenic autoimmune response.
The prevalence of MS is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin D are lowest. Sunshine enables the production of vitamin D3 (VD3) in the skin. Epidemiological studies have shown that higher vitamin D blood levels are associated with lower risk, less relapses and a slower progression of multiple sclerosis. Higher vitamin D levels can be achieved in part by increased oral intake of VD3.
Optimal health requires serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels higher than 20 ng/ml (50 nmol/L) P Lips, 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) P Heaney or at least 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) R Vieth. "
Vitamin D and MS: Burton
"Dr. Jodie Burton is the acting principal investigator (PI) of the dose-escalation trial of oral vitamin D3 with calcium supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis with Dr. O'Connor. She started the trial as his fellow, while doing an additional 2 years of training in MS specifically after she received her neurology certification. She completed her fellowship training in 2007. Now she is staff doing clinical research and continuing with the vitamin D trial. As of August 2009, she will be Assistant Professor in Neurology in the Department of Clinical Neuroscience in Calgary and at the University of Calgary. She will be part of the MS team there with Dr. Luanne Metz and the MS group.
Please scroll down for an abstract of the trial:
A Phase I/II dose-escalation trial of oral vitamin D3 with calcium supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis."
Conclusions:
High-dose VD3 (~10 000 IU/day, possibly higher) in MS is safe and tolerable, with evidence of clinical improvement.
High Doses of Vitamin D Cut MS Relapses
"April 28, 2009 (Seattle) -- High doses of vitamin D dramatically cut the relapse rate in people with multiple sclerosis, a study shows.
Sixteen percent of 25 people with multiple sclerosis (MS) given an average of 14,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D a day for a year suffered relapses, says Jodie Burton, MD, a neurologist at the University of Toronto. In contrast, close to 40% of 24 MS patients who took an average of 1,000 IU a day -- the amount recommended by many MS specialists -- relapsed, she says.
Also, people taking high-dose vitamin D suffered 41% fewer relapses than the year before the study began, compared with 17% of those taking typical doses.
People taking high doses of vitamin D did not suffer any significant side effects, Burton tells WebMD."
Optimal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels for Multiple Health Outcomes - SpringerLink - Book Chapter
Optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for multiple health outcomes.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;624:55-71. Review.
PMID: 18348447
DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-77574-6_5
Recent evidence suggests that higher vitamin D intakes beyond current recommendations may be associated with better health outcomes. In this chapter, evidence is summarized from different studies that evaluate threshold levels for serum 25(OH)D levels in relation to bone mineral density (BMD), lower extremity function, dental health, risk of falls, admission to nursing home, fractures, cancer prevention and incident hypertension. For all endpoints, the most advantageous serum levels for 25(OH)D appeared to be at least 75 nmol/l (30 ng/ml) and for cancer prevention, desirable 25(OH)D levels are between 90–120 nmol/l (36–48 ng/ml). An intake of no less than 1000IU (25 meg) of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) per day for all adults may bring at least 50% of the population up to 75 nmol/l. Thus, higher doses of vitamin D are needed to bring most individuals into the desired range. While estimates suggest that 2000 IU vitamin D3 per day may successfully and safely achieve this goal, the implications of 2000 IU or higher doses for the total adult population need to be addressed in future studies.
Effect of dietary advice and n-3 supplementation in newly diagnosed MS patients. - Acta Neurol Scand. 2000 Sep;102(3):143-9. - Wiley InterScience :: Journal :: Article PDF
Effect of dietary advice and n-3 supplementation in newly diagnosed MS patients.
Nordvik I, Myhr KM, Nyland H, Bjerve KS.
Acta Neurol Scand. 2000 Sep;102(3):143-9.
PMID: 10987373
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that fish oil supplementation given together with vitamins and dietary advice can improve clinical outcome in patients with newly diagnosed MS
Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis. [Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997] - PubMed Result
Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis.
Hayes CE, Cantorna MT, DeLuca HF.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997 Oct;216(1):21-7. Review.
PMID: 9316607
Vitamin D: a natural inhibitor of multiple sclerosis
Vitamin D: a natural inhibitor of multiple sclerosis.
Hayes CE.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2000 Nov;59(4):531-5. Review.
PMID: 11115787
Vitamin D treatment in multiple sclerosis - ScienceDirect - Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Vitamin D treatment in multiple sclerosis.
Myhr KM.
J Neurol Sci. 2009 Jun 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19549608
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.05.002
Epidemiological evidence combined with clinical and laboratory analyses, and experimental animal models, suggest a possible influence of vitamin D on MS susceptibility as well as clinical disease activity.
Supplement with vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing MS. An intervention may also reduce the risk of conversion from a first clinical event suggestive of MS to clinical definite MS, as well as reduce the relapse rate among patients with relapsing remitting MS. More studies are, however, needed to determine optimal dose and serum level for vitamin D, as well as target populations and optimal timing for intervention.
Explaining multiple sclerosis prevalence by ultraviolet exposure: a geospatial analysis -- Beretich and Beretich 15 (8): 891 -- Multiple Sclerosis
Explaining multiple sclerosis prevalence by ultraviolet exposure: a geospatial analysis.
Beretich B, Beretich T.
Mult Scler. 2009 Aug;15(8):891-8.
PMID: 19667017
DOI: 10.1177/1352458509105579
Conclusion
This analysis suggests a strong association between UV radiation and MS distribution, and an increase in risk for MS in those areas with a low UVI.
PLoS ONE: Vitamin D Status Is Positively Correlated with Regulatory T Cell Function in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Vitamin D status is positively correlated with regulatory T cell function in patients with multiple sclerosis.\nSmolders J, Thewissen M, Peelen E, Menheere P, Cohen Tervaert JW, Damoiseaux J, Hupperts R.\nPLoS One. 2009 Aug 13;4(8):e6635.\nPMID: 19675671
Association study on two vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and vitamin D metabolites in multiple sclerosis. - Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:515-20. - Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Association study on two vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and vitamin D metabolites in multiple sclerosis.
Smolders J, Damoiseaux J, Menheere P, Tervaert JW, Hupperts R.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:515-20.
PMID: 19758194
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04656.x
Discussion: We found no association of the Apal and Taql VDR gene SNPs with MS or with vitamin D metabolism in our population. Further research should assess the complex interaction between vitamin D, the VDR, and susceptibility to MS.
Childhood sun exposure influences risk of multiple sclerosis in monozygotic twins -- Islam et al. 69 (4): 381 -- Neurology
Childhood sun exposure influences risk of multiple sclerosis in monozygotic twins.
Islam T, Gauderman WJ, Cozen W, Mack TM.
Neurology. 2007 Jul 24;69(4):381-8.
PMID: 17646631
Conclusion: Early sun avoidance seems to precede the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This protective effect is independent of genetic susceptibility to MS.
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