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"Hypovitaminosis D is a deficiency of Vitamin D. It can result from: inadequate intake coupled with inadequate sunlight exposure (in particular sunlight with adequate ultra violet B rays), disorders that limit its absorption, conditions that impair conversion of vitamin D into active metabolites, such as liver or kidney disorders, or, rarely, by a number of hereditary disorders.[1] Deficiency results in impaired bone mineralization, and leads to bone softening diseases, rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, and contributes to osteoporosis.[1] Osteomalacia may also occur rarely as a side-effect of phenytoin use

Hypovitaminosis D is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration in blood of the compound 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol), which is a precursor to the active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol).[6] One recent review has proposed the following four categories for hypovitaminosis D:[7]

* Insufficient 50-100 nmol/L (20-40 ng/mL)
* Mild 25-50 nmol/L (10-20 ng/mL)
* Moderate 12.5-25.0 nmol/L (5-10 ng/mL)
* Severe < 12.5 nmol/L (< 5 ng/mL)

Note that 1.0 nmol/L = 0.4 ng/mL for this compound.[8] Other authors have suggested that a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 75-80 nmol/L (30-32 ng/mL) may be sufficient

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hypovitaminosis_D info reference wikipedia vitamin_D insufficiency deficiency symptoms nutrition

"Hypervitaminosis D is a state of vitamin D toxicity.

The recommended daily allowance is 400 IU per day. Overdose has been observed at 1925 µg/d (77,000 IU per day). Acute overdose requires between 15,000 µg/d (600,000 IU per day) and 42,000 µg/d (1,680,000 IU per day) over a period of several days to months, with a safe intake level being 250 µg/d (10,000 IU per day).[1] Foods contain low levels, and have not been known to cause overdose. Overdose has occurred due to industrial accidents, for example when incorrectly formulated pills were sold or missing industrial concentrate cans misused as cans of milk.

Vitamin D toxicity is unlikely except when certain medical conditions are present, such as primary hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and lymphoma."

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hypervitaminosis_D wikipedia info reference vitamin_D toxicity overdose overdosing symptoms nutrition poisoning toxification

"The Herxheimer reaction (also known as Jarisch-Herxheimer or Herx) occurs when large quantities of toxins are released into the body as bacteria (typically Spirochetal bacteria) die, due to antibiotic treatment or rapid detoxification.

Typically the death of these bacteria and the associated release of endotoxins occurs faster than the body can remove the toxins via the natural detoxification process performed by the kidneys and liver. It is manifested by fever, chills, headache, myalgia (muscle pain), and exacerbation of skin lesions. Duration in syphilis is normally only a few hours but can be much longer, up to months or years, for other diseases, especially Lyme Disease. The intensity of the reaction reflects the intensity of inflammation present.

The Herxheimer reaction has shown an increase in inflammatory cytokines during the period of exacerbation, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8"

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Herxheimer reaction wikipedia info reference herx bacteria endotoxins toxins released large quantities

Olmesartan (trade names Benicar, Olmetec) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat high blood pressure. The prodrug olmesartan medoxomil is marketed worldwide by Daiichi Sankyo, Ltd. and in the United States by Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. and in India by Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. under the trade name Olvance.

Olmesartan may possess high affinity for the Vitamin D Receptor, based on molecular modeling studies[2], but these results have not been duplicated in clinical trials.

Because of the role of the Vitamin D receptor in innate immunity[3], this would indicate that olmesartan has immune modulatory properties. This theory is currently the premise underlying the Marshall Protocol, which uses olmesartan to impose a chemical blockade on 1,25 Vitamin D as part of a treatment of sarcoidosis and other diseases. The Marshall Protocol asserts that, assuming the etiology of these diseases is based on infection by cell-wall-deficient bacteria, restoring proper Vitamin D ratios via olmesartan dosing, combined with pulsed antibiotic dosing, would result in a cure.!

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"Berberine is a bitter-tasting, yellow, plant alkaloid with a long history of medicinal use in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. Berberine is present in the roots, rhizomes and stem bark of various plants including Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Coptis chinensis (coptis or goldenthread), Berberis aquifolium (Oregon grape), Berberis vulgaris (barberry), and Berberis aristata (tree turmeric). Berberine has also been used historically as a dye, due to its yellow color.
Clinical trials have been conducted using berberine. There is some evidence to support its use in the treatment of trachomas (eye infections), bacterial diarrhea, and leishmaniasis (parasitic disease). Berberine has also shown antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, helminths (worms), and chlamydia (STD). Future clinical research is warranted in these areas, as well as cardiovascular disease, skin disorders, and liver disorders.
Berberine has been shown to be safe in the majority of clinical trials. However, there is a potential for interaction between berberine and many prescription medications, and berberine should not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women, due to potential for adverse effects in the newborn."

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wellness.com Berberine info reference cvd hf malaria type_2 diabetes glaucoma Helicobacter_pylori Helicobacter hypercholesterolemia diarhhea leishmania Thrombocytopenia Trachoma herbs nutrition herb

Side Effects and Warnings
Berberine has been reported to cause nausea, vomiting, hypertension (high blood pressure), respiratory failure and paresthesias (abnormal sensations such as numbness or tingling); however, clinical evidence of such adverse effects is not prominent in the literature. Rare adverse effects including headache, skin irritation, facial flushing, headache, bradycardia (slowed heart rate) have also been reported with the use of berberine. Use cautiously when taking berberine for longer than eight weeks due to theoretical changes in bacterial gut flora.
Use cautiously in individuals with diabetes, as both human and animal studies indicate that berberine may decrease blood sugar levels. Also use cautiously in individuals with hypotension (low blood pressure), as berberine may have antihypertensive effects.
Patients with cardiovascular disease should also use caution as berberine has been associated with the development of ventricular arrhythmias in subjects with congestive heart failure.
Although not well studied in humans, berberine may also theoretically cause delays in small intestinal transit time or increase the risk of bleeding.
Berberine may cause abortion, eye or kidney irritation, nephritis (inflamed kidneys), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), flu-like symptoms, giddiness, lethargy, or liver toxicity.
Patients with leukopenia (abnormally low white blood cell count) should use cautiously due to the potential for development of leukopenia symptoms.
When injected under the skin, berberine may cause hyperpigmentation in the arm. Use berberine cautiously in individuals with high exposure to sunlight or artificial light due to potential for adverse phototoxic reactions.
Avoid in newborns due to potential for increase in free bilirubin, jaundice, and development of kernicterus (brain damage caused by severe newborn jaundice). Use berberine cautiously in children due to a lack of safety information.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Berberine is not recommended in pregnant or breastfeeding women due to a

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wellness.com info Berberine herb herbs dosing dosage safety toxicity nutrition side adverse adverse_effects effects interactions

"This site provides information on herbal medicine (as distinct from herbal medicines) sometimes also called phytotherapy.

Herbological.com is maintained by Jonathan Treasure, a medical herbalist with professional qualifications in both conventional medical sciences and herbal medicine from the UK, now located in Southern Oregon, USA. (See bio and consulting pages for further details) "

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herbological Jonathan Treasure blog herbs herbal medicine herbal_medicine info phytotherapy nutrition cancer

"Berberiini on erinomaisen tehokas luonnonaine, joka säätää sekä sokeri- että rasva-aineenvaihduntaa. Uusi kiinalaistutkimus valottaa berberiinin biokemiallista vaikutustapaa sokeritasapainon parantajana."

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2009 joulukuu Tolonen Berberiini terveys ravitsemus sokeritasapaino info diabetes

"Berberine is a bitter-tasting, yellow, plant alkaloid with a long history of medicinal use in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. Berberine is present in the roots, rhizomes and stem bark of various plants including Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Coptis chinensis (coptis or goldenthread), Berberis aquifolium (Oregon grape), Berberis vulgaris (barberry), and Berberis aristata (tree turmeric). Berberine has also been used historically as a dye, due to its yellow color.

Clinical trials have been conducted using berberine. There is some evidence to support its use in the treatment of trachomas (eye infections), bacterial diarrhea, and leishmaniasis (parasitic disease). Berberine has also shown antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, helminths (worms), and chlamydia (STD). Future clinical research is warranted in these areas, as well as cardiovascular disease, skin disorders, and liver disorders.

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healthline Berberine info herb herbs uses dosing dosage adverse side effects cancer diabetes anti-cancer

"Berberine is a plant alkaloid isolated from the roots and bark of several herbs. Some of these herbs include:

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris), Berberis integerrima. Berbamine and berberine are found in the plant barberry.
Coptis chinensis or Berberis aristata
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)
Oregon Grape (Berberis aquifolium)
Phellodendron Amurense
Yerba mansa (Anemopsis californica).

The berberine alkaloid can be found in the roots, rhizomes, stem, and bark of the plants. Berberine-containing plants are used medicinally in many traditional medical systems, including Ayurvedic herbal and Chinese herbal medicine.

Coptis chinensis rhizome -- Golden Thread -- Huang Lian -- Intense yellow color most likely due to high content of berberine, which is very bitter in taste"

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raysahelian Berberine info health benefits adverse side effects studies abstracts diabetes cancer anti-cancer herb herbs nutrition antimicrbial

"Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. It is found in such plants as Berberis, goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), and Coptis chinensis, usually in the roots, rhizomes, stems, and bark. Berberine is strongly yellow colored, which is why in earlier times berberis species were used to dye wool, leather and wood. Wool is still today dyed with berberine in Northern India

Berberine (BBR) is a natural compound with up-regulating activity on both low-density-lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (InsR). This one-drug-multiple-target characteristic might be suitable for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.[12] Berberine has been tested and used successfully in experimental[13] and human diabetes mellitus.[14][15][16] Berberine has been shown to lower elevated blood glucose as effectively as metformin.[17] The mechanisms include inhibition of aldose reductase,[18] inducing glycolysis,[19] preventing insulin resistance[20] through increasing insulin receptor expression[14] and acting like incretins.

Berberine has drawn extensive attention towards its antineoplastic effects.[43][44] It seems to suppress the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells including breast cancer,[45] leukemia, melanoma,[46] epidermoid carcinoma, hepatoma, oral carcinoma, tongue carcinoma,[47] glioblastoma, prostate carcinoma, gastric carcinoma.[48][49] Animal studies have shown that berberine can suppress chemical-induced carcinogenesis, tumor promotion, tumor invasion,[50][51][52][53][54] prostate cancer,[55][56][57][58] neuroblastoma,[59][60] and leukemia.[34][61] It is a radiosensitzer of tumor cells but not of normal cells

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Berberine wikpedia info reference diabetes dyslipdemia CVD blood_glucose insulin resistance insulin_resistance cancer anti-cancer herb herbs nutrition

"As more and more research is carried out into foods and the nutrients that they contain, we are seeing that many of the foods we have been eating for generations, and some that are newer to us, are packed full of vitamins and minerals, and many other nutrients with exciting health benefits. This list is provided for your information and reference, however it must be remembered that everybody is unique and has individual nutritional needs, and we recommend seeing a practitioner before making any significant changes to your diet."

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"Imagine a superfood -- not a drug -- powerful enough to help you lower your cholesterol, reduce your risk of heart disease and cancer, and, for an added bonus, put you in a better mood. Did we mention that there are no side effects? You'd surely stock up on a lifetime supply. Guess what? These life-altering superfoods are available right now in your local supermarket.

"The effect that diet can have on how you feel today and in the future is astounding," says nutritionist Elizabeth Somer, author of Nutritionfor aHealthy Pregnancy, Food &amp; Mood, and The Essential Guide to Vitamins and Minerals.

"Even people who are healthy can make a few tweaks and the impact will be amazing," Somer says. "I'd say that 50% to 70% of suffering could be eliminated by what people eat and how they move: heart disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension can all be impacted.""

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"Phosphatidyl Serine (PS) has proven to be a safe and effective therapeutic agent in treating memory deficit disorders and for improving other higher brain functions. Here is the information you need to see how this plant-derived substance can improve the quality of your life."

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Phosphatidylserine PS info brain memory shop shopping buying commercial

"The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell.

Brains can be extremely complex. The cerebral cortex of the human brain contains roughly 15–33 billion neurons depending on gender and age,[2] linked with up to 10,000 synaptic connections each. Each cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly one billion synapses.[3] These neurons communicate with one another by means of long protoplasmic fibers called axons, which carry trains of signal pulses called action potentials to distant parts of the brain or body and target them to specific recipient cells."

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brain wikipedia info reference

"The brain, like most other internal organs, or offal, can serve as nourishment. Brains used for nourishment include those of pigs, squirrels, horses, cattle, monkeys, chickens and goats. In many cultures, different types of brain are considered a delicacy.

In the Southern United States, canned pork brain in gravy can be purchased for consumption as food. This form of brain is often fried with scrambled eggs to produce "Eggs n' Brains".[1] They are part of the menu in many family owned restaurants throughout the region.

The brain of animals also features in French cuisine, in dishes such as cervelle de veau and tête de veau."

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brain as food as_food brain_as_food wikipedia info reference nutrition pork por_brain fat cholesterol prions delicacy

"Each Sunday in November we present tips that can help you manage unhealthy stress. Consider them this holiday season, and pass them along to family and friends!

Here's a healthy goal with the added bonus of feeling luxurious: get a monthly massage. Receiving a professional massage is relaxing and has numerous health benefits: It can help manage stress levels, reduce blood pressure and heart rate, ease sore muscles and stiff joints, lower levels of stress hormones, and enhance immune function.

Many types of massages are available at a wide range of prices. Check your local health food store for short-duration neck and shoulder massages (perfect on your lunch break), try out student massages at local massage schools, or book packages of massages to save money. "

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2009 November drweil Stress Relief Stress_Relief part_4 massage info

"Each Sunday in November we present tips that can help you manage unhealthy stress. Consider them this holiday season, and pass them along to family and friends!

When time constraints, packed schedules and too many commitments become the norm, it's easy to become overwhelmed and stressed out. To stay balanced, relaxed and calm, it's necessary every so often to regroup, decompress and focus on yourself:
If you find that the demands on your time are overwhelming, don't be afraid to politely say "no" when someone asks you to do something."

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2009 November drweil info Stress Relief Stress_Relief part_3 Reconnecting with Self Reconnecting_with_Self

Each Sunday in November we present tips that can help you manage unhealthy stress. Consider them this holiday season, and pass them along to family and friends!

Stress can negatively impact your physical health, mood, and social interactions. One way to help address the symptoms of stress is with passion flower (Passiflora incarnata). The dried above-ground parts of the plant can be found in tincture and extract form - look for standardized whole plant extracts or capsules containing no less than 0.8 percent flavonoids or isovitexin. You can use passion flower for stress reduction, calming without sedation, and relief from insomnia (when combined with other sedative herbs). One dropperful of the tincture in a little warm water, or two capsules of extract, up to four times a day as needed is the adult dosage; children should take half of this. Use caution when taking MAO-inhibiting antidepressant drugs, and do not take when pregnant - active compounds may be uterine stimulants."

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2009 November drweil info Stress Relief Stress_Relief part_2 Flower Remedies passion passion_flower

"Each Sunday in November we present tips that can help you manage unhealthy stress. Consider them this holiday season, and pass them along to family and friends!

Looking for a simple, healthy way to help get through the day? Try breathing exercises - a natural and effective way to reduce stress, maintain focus, and feel energized. Exhaling completely is a useful practice that is especially easy to learn - it can promote deeper breathing and better health. Give it a try: Simply take a deep breath, let it out effortlessly, and then squeeze out a little more."

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2009 November drweil Stress Relief Stress_Relief part_1 breathing info health