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Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Yin J, Zhang H, Ye J.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Jun;8(2):99-111. Review.
PMID: 18537696

Berberine from rhizoma coptidis is an oral hypoglycemic agent. It also has anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemia activities. The action mechanism is related to inhibition of mitochondrial function, stimulation of glycolysis, activation of AMPK pathway, suppression of adipogenesis and induction of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2467395 - Preview

2008 June study review traditional chinese medicine TCM metabolic_syndrome.treatment herbs ginseng berberine nutrition bitter_melon mitochondria hypoglycemic obesity dyslipidemia glycolysis AMPK adipogenesis protopanaxatriol insulin_sensitivity medline

Berberine.
[No authors listed]
Altern Med Rev. 2000 Apr;5(2):175-7.
PMID: 10767672

Berberine is a plant alkaloid with a long history of medicinal use in both Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine. It is present in Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Coptis chinensis (Coptis or goldenthread), Berberis aquifolium (Oregon grape), Berberis vulgaris (barberry), and Berberis aristata (tree turmeric). The berberine alkaloid can be found in the roots, rhizomes, and stem bark of the plants. Berberine extracts and decoctions have demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against a variety of organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, helminths, and chlamydia. Currently, the predominant clinical uses of berberine include bacterial diarrhea, intestinal parasite infections, and ocular trachoma infection

www.thorne.com/...175.pdf - Preview

2000 April study review monograph berberine herbs nutrition cam altmed thorne antimicrobial anti-microbial bacterial diarrhea parasites protozoans trachoma bacteria viruses fungi

Berberine--a novel approach to cholesterol lowering.
Doggrell SA.
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2005 May;14(5):683-5.
PMID: 15926873

informahealthcare.com/...13543784.14.5.683 - Preview

2005 May study research in_vivo animal_study clinical_trial humans berberine cholesterol lowering cholesterol-lowering LDL herbs nutrition medline

Apigenin inhibits growth and motility but increases gap junctional coupling intensity in rat prostate carcinoma (MAT-LyLu) cell populations.
Czernik M, Sroka J, Madeja Z, Czyz J.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2008;13(3):327-38. Epub 2008 Feb 21.
PMID: 18292973
DOI: 10.2478/s11658-008-0003-z

This in vitro data indicates that apigenin may affect cancer development in general, and prostate carcinogenesis in particular, via its influence on cellular activities decisive for both cancer promotion and progression, including cell proliferation, gap junctional coupling and cell motility and invasiveness.

www.springerlink.com/...fwh63437750641k2 - Preview

2008 February study research in_vitro apigenin herbs nutrition prostate cancer prostate_cancer PCa cell motility gap junctional coupling growth-inhibitory anti-cancer medline

"NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Women who eat greater amounts of plant-based foods and drinks with the naturally occurring flavonoid, apigenin, may have a decreased risk for ovarian cancer, study findings suggest.

Apigenin, found in celery, parsley, red wine, tomato sauce, and other plant-based foods may be "particularly beneficial," said Dr. Margaret A. Gates, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, in Boston, Massachusetts.

Flavanoids are compounds with antioxidant properties that protect cells against damage by oxygen molecules. In a study that compared flavonoid intake among women with and without ovarian cancer, women reporting the highest apigenin intake had a "borderline significant decrease" in ovarian cancer risk over women reporting the lowest apigenin intake, Gates and her associates report in the International Journal of Cancer."

www.reuters.com/...idUSTRE53L54820090422 - Preview

2009 April reuters news apigenin plant-based flavonoid ovarian cancer ovarian_cancer risk nutrition herb herbs flavonoids food foods sources celery parsley red_wine tomato sauce tomatoes

Zingiber officinale (ginger). Monograph.
[No authors listed]
Altern Med Rev. 2003 Aug;8(3):331-5.
PMID: 12946242

www.thorne.com/...331.pdf - Preview

2003 August study review bGinger Monograph health herbal herbs medicinal cam nutrition food thorne medline spice spices

Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression.
Zhang H, Wei J, Xue R, Wu JD, Zhao W, Wang ZZ, Wang SK, Zhou ZX, Song DQ, Wang YM, Pan HN, Kong WJ, Jiang JD.
Metabolism. 2009 Sep 3
doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.07.029

Liver function was improved greatly in these patients by showing reduction of liver enzymes. Our results confirmed the activity of BBR on InsR in humans and its relationship with the glucose-lowering effect. Together with our previous report, we strongly suggest BBR as an ideal medicine for T2DM with a mechanism different from metformin and rosiglitazone.

www.sciencedirect.com/science - Preview

2009 September study research clinical_trial in_vitro humans diabetic patients berberine type_2 diabetes insulin receptor expression mechanism nutrition herbs medline glucose-lowering hypoglycemic

Efficacy and safety of berberine for congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Zeng XH, Zeng XJ, Li YY.
Am J Cardiol. 2003 Jul 15;92(2):173-6.
PMID: 12860219
doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00533-2

Thus, berberine improved quality of life and decreased VPCs and mortality in patients with CHF.

www.ajconline.org/...abstract - Preview

2003 July study research clinical_trial humans patients berberine efficacy safety herbs nutrition congestive heart failure heart:failure chf hf cardiomyopathy CVD mortality medline

Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Yin J, Xing H, Ye J.
Metabolism. 2008 May;57(5):712-7.
PMID: 18442638
doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.01.013.

Fasting plasma insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index were reduced by 28.1% and 44.7% (P<.001), respectively. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased significantly as well. During the trial, 20 (34.5%) patients experienced transient gastrointestinal adverse effects. Functional liver or kidney damages were not observed for all patients. In conclusion, this pilot study indicates that berberine is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism

In summary, that berberine is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with modest effect on lipid metabolism. It is safe and the cost of treatment by berberine is very low. It may serve as a new drug candidate in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, this is a pilot study. The efficacy of berberine needs to be tested in a much larger population and characterized as a function of the known duration of the diabetes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the action of berberine on type 2 diabetes in other ethnic groups.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2410097 - Preview

2008 May study research clinical_trial rct humans diabetic patients type_2 diabetes berberine metformin comparison hypoglycemic HbA1c herbs nutrition medline efficacy safety lipids lipid_profile CVD

Berberine inhibits adipogenesis in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice.
Hu Y, Davies GE.
Fitoterapia. 2009 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19861153
doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2009.10.010

Our previous studies illustrated that berberine inhibited adipogenesis in murine-derived 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and human white preadipocytes. In this study, the effects of berberine on the adipogenesis of high-fat diet-induced obesity (FD) or normal diet (ND) mice and possible transcriptional impact are investigated. The results demonstrated that in FD mice, berberine reduced mouse weight gain and food intake and serum glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels accompanied with a down-regulation of PPARgamma expression and an up-regulation of GATA-3 expression. Berberine had no adverse effects on ND mice. These encouraging findings suggest that berberine has excellent pharmacological potential to prevent obesity.

www.sciencedirect.com/science - Preview

2009 October study research in_vivo animal_study mice berberine herbs nutrition inhibits inhibitor adipogenesis obesity prevention high-fat diet high-fat_diet medline

Neuroprotective effects of berberine on stroke models in vitro and in vivo.
Zhou XQ, Zeng XN, Kong H, Sun XL.
Neurosci Lett. 2008 Dec 5;447(1):31-6. Epub 2008 Sep 30.
PMID: 18838103
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.09.064

Findings of this study suggest that berberine protects against ischemic brain injury by decreasing the intracellular ROS level and subsequently inhibiting mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

www.sciencedirect.com/science - Preview

2008 December study research in_vitro in_vivo animal_study berberine ischemia-reperfusion ischemia reperfusion neuroprotective neuroprotection apoptosis mitochondria nutrition herbs medline hypoxia mechanism

Berberine reduces the hypoxic-ischemic insult in rat pup brain.
Benaissa F, Mohseni-Rad H, Rahimi-Moghaddam P, Mahmoudian M.
Acta Physiol Hung. 2009 Jun;96(2):213-20.
PMID: 19457765
DOI: 10.1556/APhysiol.96.2009.2.6

Pathologic review of the samples obtained from rats treated with different doses of berberine in comparison with samples from pups treated by normal saline showed that there was a significant reduction of brain injury and edema in the rats treated with berberine. Our study also demonstrates that berberine reduces brain ischemic-hypoxic injury dose-dependently. Therefore, beberine may be considered as useful anti-stroke agent.

www.akademiai.com/...vl0x7428413344n1 - Preview

2009 June study research in_vivo animal_study hypoxic-ischemic insult injury brain edema anti-stroke stroke hypoxia herbs nutrition medline

Berberine: a plant alkaloid with therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders.
Kulkami SK et al.
Phytotherapy Research, Published Online: 8 Dec 2009

This review attempts to discuss the pharmacological basis of the use of berberine in various central nervous system
and related disorders. Its protective effect in Alzheimer’s, cerebral ischemia, mental depression, schizophrenia
and anxiety are highlighted. However, more detailed clinical trials along with a safety assessment of berberine
are warranted for positioning the alkaloid in the treatment of neurological disorders.

www3.interscience.wiley.com/...PDFSTART - Preview

2009 December study review berberine plant alkaloid herbs central nervous system disorders CNS diseases brain nutrition safety toxicity Alzheimer's_disease Alzheimer's Alzheimer AD depression schizophrenia anxiety pharmacokinetics

A preliminary study of the safety, feasibility and cognitive efficacy of soy isoflavone supplements in older men and women.
Gleason CE, Carlsson CM, Barnet JH, Meade SA, Setchell KD, Atwood CS, Johnson SC, Ries ML, Asthana S.
Age Ageing. 2009 Jan;38(1):86-93. Epub 2008 Dec 2.
PMID: 19054783
doi:10.1093/ageing/afn227

Conclusions: these data suggest that administration of 100 mg/day of isoflavones was well tolerated. Plasma genistein and daidzein levels, but not equol, increased with isoflavone administration. Finally, data support the potential cognitive effects of soy isoflavones in older adults.

ageing.oxfordjournals.org/...86 - Preview

2009 January study preliminary research clinical_trial rct humans elderly older old soy isoflavone isoflavones supplementation cognition nutrition genistein daidzein equol aging cognitive function efficacy safety feasibility phytoestrogens herbs

"ANN ARBOR, Mich. — A new study finds that compounds derived from the spices turmeric and pepper could help prevent breast cancer by limiting the growth of stem cells, the small number of cells that fuel a tumor's growth.

Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that when the dietary compounds curcumin, which is derived from the Indian spice turmeric, and piperine, derived from black peppers, were applied to breast cells in culture, they decreased the number of stem cells while having no effect on normal differentiated cells.

"If we can limit the number of stem cells, we can limit the number of cells with potential to form tumors," says lead author Madhuri Kakarala, M.D., Ph.D., R.D., clinical lecturer in internal medicine at the U-M Medical School and a research investigator at the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System."

www.eurekalert.org/...uomh-shg120709.php - Preview

2009 December eurekalert news spices halt growth stop breast stem cells turmeric curcumin piperine black pepper black_pepper nutrition herbs cancer breast_cancer stem_cells

A systematic review of the anticancer properties of berberine, a natural product from Chinese herbs.
Sun Y, Xun K, Wang Y, Chen X.
Anticancer Drugs. 2009 Oct;20(9):757-69.
PMID: 19704371

journals.lww.com/...e_anticancer_properties.1.aspx - Preview

2009 October study systematic review berberine herbs anti-cancer properties nutrition TCM COX-2 inhibitor NF-kappaB growth-inhibitory anti-metastatic metastasis cam altmed medline

"Today, goldenseal is marketed as a tonic to aid digestion, sooth upset stomach, and as an antibacterial and antiviral agent. It is considered a natural antibiotic and is most often combined with echinacea in preparations designed to strengthen the immune system. Many professional herbalists recommend goldenseal in herbal remedies for hay fever (also called allergic rhinitis), colds, and the flu. Goldenseal is considered a useful antiseptic (which is why some herbalists use it topically to disinfect cuts and scrapes) and astringent. It is commonly used to treat severak skin, eye, and mucous membrane inflammatory and infectious conditions (such as sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and urinary tract infections). It is also available in mouthwashes for sore throats and canker sores.

Goldenseal has not been thoroughly investigated in scientific studies, but some trials have looked at berberine, one of the active compounds in goldenseal. Berberine is a substance widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat dysentery and infectious diarrhea. Berberine may be effective in humans for malaria, heart failure, and various types of infections, including upper respiratory problems."

www.umm.edu/...goldenseal-000252.htm - Preview

umm edu info goldenseal berberine herb herbs nutrition

"Possible effects of berberine, a chemical found in small amounts in goldenseal, include headache, slow heart rate, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, and low white blood cell count. It is not clear if the amount of berberine in goldenseal products is enough to cause these reactions. Toxic doses of berberine may cause seizures or irritation of the esophagus and stomach when taken by mouth. Berberine used intravenously (through the veins) may cause abnormal heart rhythms. Based on laboratory and animal studies, berberine may increase blood concentrations of bilirubin. Berberine theoretically may cause low blood pressure, although a different chemical in goldenseal, hydrastine, may actually cause increased blood pressure. There is limited study of the blood pressure effects of these agents in humans.

Based on laboratory and animal studies, the use of goldenseal or berberine could increase the risk of bleeding. However, there are no reliable published reports of bleeding in humans. Caution is advised in patients with bleeding disorders or taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.

Based on an initial report, goldenseal or berberine may cause increased sun sensitivity, although this is not a commonly reported symptom.

Based on laboratory studies, berberine may lower blood sugar. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia, and in those taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood sugar. Serum glucose levels may need to be monitored by a healthcare provider, and medication adjustments may be necessary. "

www.enotalone.com/...9312.html - Preview

goldenseal berberine herb herbs safety toxicity info adverse_effects warnings nutrition

Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver.
Berberine might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking berberine along with some medications that are broken down by the liver can increase the effects and side effects of some medications. Before taking berberine, talk to your healthcare provider if you are taking any medications that are changed by the liver.
Some medications changed by the liver include cyclosporin (Neoral, Sandimmune), lovastatin (Mevacor), clarithromycin (Biaxin), indinavir (Crixivan), sildenafil (Viagra), triazolam (Halcion), and many others."

women.webmd.com/...edientmono-1126-BERBERINE.aspx - Preview

webmd berberine info interactions CYP3A4 herb herbs warnings nutrition