Home
Matti Narkia's Library tagged → View Popular
Glucose restriction can extend normal cell lifespan and impair precancerous cell growth through epigenetic control of hTERT and p16 expression -- Li et al., 10.1096/fj.09-149328 -- The FASEB Journal
Glucose restriction can extend normal cell lifespan and impair precancerous cell growth through epigenetic control of hTERT and p16 expression.
Li Y, Liu L, Tollefsbol TO.
FASEB J. 2009 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 20019239
doi: 10.1096/fj.09-149328
Cancer cells metabolize glucose at elevated rates and have a higher sensitivity to glucose reduction. However, the precise molecular mechanisms leading to different responses to glucose restriction between normal and cancer cells are not fully understood. We analyzed normal WI-38 and immortalized WI-38/S fetal lung fibroblasts and found that glucose restriction resulted in growth inhibition and apoptosis in WI-38/S cells, whereas it induced lifespan extension in WI-38 cells. Moreover, in WI-38/S cells glucose restriction decreased expression of hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) and increased expression of p16(INK4a). Opposite effects were found in the gene expression of hTERT and p16 in WI-38 cells in response to glucose restriction. The altered gene expression was partly due to glucose restriction-induced DNA methylation changes and chromatin remodeling of the hTERT and p16 promoters in normal and immortalized WI-38 cells. Furthermore, glucose restriction resulted in altered hTERT and p16 expression in response to epigenetic regulators in WI-38 rather than WI-38/S cells, suggesting that energy stress-induced differential epigenetic regulation may lead to different cellular fates in normal and precancerous cells. Collectively, these results provide new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of a nutrient control strategy that may contribute to cancer therapy as well as antiaging approaches.
Polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids boost the birth of new neurons, study finds
"ScienceDaily (Nov. 30, 2009) — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) researchers have confirmed that a diet rich in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids, patented as an LMN diet, helps boost the production of the brain's stem cells -neurogenesis- and strengthens their differentiation in different types of neuron cells.
The research revealed that mice fed an LMN diet, when compared to those fed a control diet, have more cell proliferation in the two areas of the brain where neurogenesis is produced, the olfactory bulb and the hippocampus, both of which are greatly damaged in patients with Alzheimer's disease. These results give support to the hypothesis that a diet made up of foods rich in these antioxidant substances could delay the onset of this disease or even slow down its evolution.
The study will be published in the December issue of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and was directed by Mercedes Unzeta, professor of the UAB Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"
Vitamin D-induced up-regulation of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in prostate cancer cells - ScienceDirect - Life Sciences
Vitamin D-induced up-regulation of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in prostate cancer cells.
Golovko O, Nazarova N, Tuohimaa P.
Life Sci. 2005 Jun 17;77(5):562-77. Epub 2005 Feb 25.
PMID: 15904673
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2004.10.072
Combined addition of human recombinant TNF-alpha with calcitriol or CB1093 cause enhanced effect in induction of apoptosis. We conclude that under physiological conditions vitamin D activates only the transcription of TNF-alpha gene, for TNF-alpha protein synthesis additional cofactors are required. Therefore a cooperation of vitamin D and TNF-alpha may play an important role in the control of cell growth in prostate cancer.
Stroke drug kills cancer cells and leaves normal cells intact
ScienceDaily (Dec. 11, 2009) — A never-approved drug developed to prevent the death of nerve cells after a stroke can efficiently kill cancer cells while keeping normal cells healthy and intact, an international team led by a Tel Aviv University researcher is reporting in the journal Breast Cancer Research.
"The compound we used," says Prof. Cohen-Armon, "presented no traces of toxicity in mice. With this compound, we were able to show how one of the many molecular mechanisms regulating the cell cycle can be targeted, and the proliferation of cancer cells halted." The team is currently working to identify all the regulatory mechanisms involved in this specific process and hope that, in better understanding the science, they might point the way to a new class of anti-cancer drugs.
Spices halt growth of breast stem cells, U-M study finds
"ANN ARBOR, Mich. — A new study finds that compounds derived from the spices turmeric and pepper could help prevent breast cancer by limiting the growth of stem cells, the small number of cells that fuel a tumor's growth.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that when the dietary compounds curcumin, which is derived from the Indian spice turmeric, and piperine, derived from black peppers, were applied to breast cells in culture, they decreased the number of stem cells while having no effect on normal differentiated cells.
"If we can limit the number of stem cells, we can limit the number of cells with potential to form tumors," says lead author Madhuri Kakarala, M.D., Ph.D., R.D., clinical lecturer in internal medicine at the U-M Medical School and a research investigator at the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System."
Sweat gland epithelial and myoepithelial cells are vitamin D targets. - Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Sweat gland epithelial and myoepithelial cells are vitamin D targets.
Koike N, Stumpf WE.
Exp Dermatol. 2007 Feb;16(2):94-7.
PMID: 17222221
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00513.x
Nuclear receptor binding of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 (vitamin D) in skin keratinocytes of epidermis, hair sheaths and sebaceous glands was discovered through receptor microscopic autoradiography. Extended experiments with 3H-1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 and its analog 3H-oxacalcitriol (OCT) now demonstrate nuclear receptor binding in sweat gland epithelium of secretory coils and ducts as well as in myoepithelial cells, as studied in paws of nude mice after i.v. injection. The results suggest genomic regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as of secretory and excretory functions, indicating potential therapies for impaired secretion as in hypohidrosis of aged and diseased skin.
Swine Flu Fish Oil Warning - healthyfellow.com
"I know what you may be thinking: “Fish oil?! I thought fish oil was supposed to be healthy! One day you say we should take it, now you’re saying it puts us at risk for Swine Flu?” Well, there is a reasonable answer, but it doesn’t come in the form of a simple “fish oil is good” or “fish oil is bad” kind of package. The truth is that eating fish and taking fish oil is very often extremely beneficial for a great number of health conditions. But there is no substance on Earth that is 100% healthy under every conceivable circumstance. Take water, for example. Drinking plenty of pure water is a healthful practice. On the other hand, drinking excessive amounts (water intoxication) can lead to serious bodily damage and even death.
The August issue of the Journal of Nutrition reports on a study conducted on two groups of mice fed either a fish oil or corn oil enriched diet. (4) All the mice were infected with the flu virus and were then examined over a two week period. Several interesting observations were made at the conclusion of the trial:
* The mice receiving the fish oil exhibited lower levels of lung tissue inflammation. This confirms the known anti-inflammatory activity of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish.
* However, these same mice suffered a “40% higher mortality rate”, a “70% higher lung viral load” and “a prolonged recovery period following infection”.
* The researchers also noted a decline in NK (natural killer) cells in the spleens of the mice that were fed fish oil and a decrease in CD8+ T cells. NK cells and cytotoxic T cells are vital players in the body’s ability to deal with infections."
Birth and Death of Bone Cells: Basic Regulatory Mechanisms and Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoporosis -- Manolagas 21 (2): 115 -- Endocrine Reviews
Birth and death of bone cells: basic regulatory mechanisms and implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis.
Manolagas SC.
Endocr Rev. 2000 Apr;21(2):115-37. Review.
PMID: 10782361
Their immune cells, fighting your cancer
IMMUNE cells from “cancer-resistant” people are to be injected into those with cancer to help fight the disease. Zheng Cui at Wake Forest University of Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and his colleagues have received permission from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to screen people for their ability to ward off cancer. Immune cells from the best cancer fighters will be given to cancer patients, after being matched for blood type. All of us have some ability to fight cancer, via immune cells called NK cells which can identify and kill tumour cells, although the extent of these cells’ influence is not known. But Cui has now discovered that a much larger population of immune cells called granulocytes can also kill cancer and that the effectiveness of these cells varies from person to person.
Cui took blood samples from more than 100 people and mixed their granulocytes with cervical cancer cells. While granulocytes from one individual killed around 97 per cent of cancer cells within 24 hours, those from another healthy individual only killed around 2 per cent of cancer cells. Average cancer-killing ability appeared to be lower in adults over the age of 50 and even lower in people with cancer. It also fell when people were stressed, and at certain times of the year. “Nobody seems to have any cancer-killing ability during the winter months from November to April,” says Cui, who presented preliminary results at the Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence meeting in Cambridge, UK, earlier this month.
PLoS ONE: Vitamin D Status Is Positively Correlated with Regulatory T Cell Function in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Vitamin D status is positively correlated with regulatory T cell function in patients with multiple sclerosis.\nSmolders J, Thewissen M, Peelen E, Menheere P, Cohen Tervaert JW, Damoiseaux J, Hupperts R.\nPLoS One. 2009 Aug 13;4(8):e6635.\nPMID: 19675671
25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 is an active hormone in human primary prostatic stromal cells -- Lou et al., 10.1096/fj.03-0140fje -- The FASEB Journal
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is an active hormone in human primary prostatic stromal cells.
Lou YR, Laaksi I, Syvälä H, Bläuer M, Tammela TL, Ylikomi T, Tuohimaa P.
FASEB J. 2004 Feb;18(2):332-4. Epub 2003 Dec 4.
PMID: 14657005
Tregs and allergic disease - Journal of Clinical Investigation
Tregs and allergic disease.
Robinson DS, Larché M, Durham SR.
J Clin Invest. 2004 Nov;114(10):1389-97. Review.
PMID: 15545986
doi:10.1172/JCI23595
Cell-mediated Adaptive Immune Defense of the Lungs -- Curtis 2 (5): 412 -- Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society
Cell-mediated adaptive immune defense of the lungs.
Curtis JL.
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2(5):412-6. Review.
PMID: 16322591
AP Biology | MIT OpenCourseWare - Free Online MIT Course Materials for High School
We have selected relevant material from MIT's introductory courses to support students as they study and educators as they teach the AP® Biology curriculum.
YouTube - Genetics and the Effect of Aging on Stem Cell Regulation
Genetics and the Effect of Aging on Stem Cell Regulation
Docosahexaenoic acid induces proteasome-dependent degradation of {beta}-catenin, down-regulation of survivin and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells not expressing COX-2 -- Calviello et al. 28 (6): 1202 -- Carcinogenesis
The present study, thus, raises the possibility that DHA may exert pro-apoptotic and antitumoral effects through proteasomal regulation of beta-catenin levels and alterations in the expression of TCF-beta-catenin target genes.
Docosahexaenoic acid induces proteasome-dependent degradation of beta-catenin, down-regulation of survivin and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells not expressing COX-2.
Calviello G, Resci F, Serini S, Piccioni E, Toesca A, Boninsegna A, Monego G, Ranelletti FO, Palozza P.
Carcinogenesis. 2007 Jun;28(6):1202-9. Epub 2006 Dec 20.
PMID: 17183061
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl254
Modulation of gene expression in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid treated human colon adenoma cells
DHA and EPA generally modulated different sets of genes, although a few common effects were noted. In our approach, we used preneoplastic adenoma cells which are a relevant model for target cells of chemoprevention. If verified with real time PCR, these results identify genes and targets for chemoprevention of colon cancer.
Modulation of gene expression in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid treated human colon adenoma cells.
Habermann N, Lund EK, Pool-Zobel BL, Glei M.
Genes Nutr. 2009 Mar;4(1):73-6. Epub 2009 Feb 21.
PMID: 19234733
doi: 10.1007/s12263-009-0112-y.
Modulatory effects of EPA and DHA on proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. - [J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2007] - PubMed Result
It was concluded that omega-3 fatty acid could inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 cells and promote their apoptosis. The down-regulation of the cyclin E expression by omega-3 fatty acid might be one of the mechanisms for its anti-tumor effect on pancreatic cancer.
Modulatory effects of EPA and DHA on proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.
Zhang W, Long Y, Zhang J, Wang C.
J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2007 Oct;27(5):547-50.
PMID: 18060632
Stem cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stem cells are cells found in most, if not all, multi-cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiating into a diverse range of specialized cell types. Research in the stem cell field grew out of findings by Canadian scientists Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till in the 1960s.[1][2] The two broad types of mammalian stem cells are: embryonic stem cells that are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells that are found in adult tissues. In a developing embryo, stem cells can differentiate into all of the specialized embryonic tissues. In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing specialized cells, but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin or intestinal tissues.
Selected Tags
Related Tags
Sponsored Links
Top Contributors
Groups interested in cells
-
Stem Cells
Items: 15 | Visits: 237
Created by: Matti Narkia
-
cell respiration
Items: 9 | Visits: 34
Created by: C Mac
-
Organization
How are organisms organized...
Items: 29 | Visits: 38
Created by: Charlie Sensenbrenner
Diigo is about better ways to research, share and collaborate on information. Learn more »
Join Diigo