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Klotho (biology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The Klotho gene codes for a transmembrane protein that, in addition to other effects, provides some control over the sensitivity of the organism to insulin and appears to be involved in aging. Its discovery was documented in 1997 by Kuro-o et al.[1] The name of the gene comes from Klotho or Clotho, one of the Moirae, or Fates, in Greek mythology.
The Klotho protein is a novel β-glucuronidase (EC number 3.2.1.21) capable of hydrolyzing steroid β-glucuronides. Genetic variants in KLOTHO have been associated with human aging,[2] and Klotho protein has been shown to be a circulating factor detectable in serum that declines with age.[3]
Klotho-deficient mice manifest a syndrome resembling accelerated human aging"
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes.[1] PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis[2] of higher organism.
Phylogenetics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"In biology, phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms (for example, species, populations), which is discovered through molecular sequencing data and morphological data matrices. The term phylogenetics is of Greek origin from the terms phyle/phylon (φυλή/φῦλον), meaning "tribe, race," and genetikos (γενετικός), meaning "relative to birth" from genesis (γένεσις, "birth"). Taxonomy, the classification, identification, and naming of organisms, has been richly informed by phylogenetics but remains methodologically and logically distinct.[1] The fields overlap however in the science of phylogenetic systematics – colloquially often called "cladism" or "cladistics" –, where only phylogenetic trees are used to delimit taxa, which represent groups of lineage-connected individuals.[2] In biological systematics as a whole, phylogenetic analyses have become essential in researching the evolutionary tree of life."
Vitamin D: the alternative hypothesis. - Autoimmun Rev. 2009 Jul;8(8):639-44. (full text PDF)
Vitamin D: the alternative hypothesis.
Albert PJ, Proal AD, Marshall TG.
Autoimmun Rev. 2009 Jul;8(8):639-44. Epub 2009 Feb 12. Review.
PMID: 19393200
Emerging molecular evidence suggests that symptomatic improvements among those administered vitamin D is the result of 25-D's ability to temper bacterial-induced inflammation by slowing VDR activity. While this results in short-term palliation, persistent pathogens that may influence disease progression, proliferate over the long-term.
Abiogenesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In the natural sciences, abiogenesis, or "chemical evolution", is the study of how life on Earth could have arisen from inanimate matter. It should not be confused with evolution, which is the study of how groups of living things change over time. Amino acids, often called "the building blocks of life", can form via natural chemical reactions unrelated to life, as demonstrated in the Miller-Urey experiment, which involved simulating the conditions of the early Earth. In all living things, these amino acids are organized into proteins, and the construction of these proteins is mediated by nucleic acids. Thus the question of how life on Earth originated is a question of how the first nucleic acids arose.
Evolution - New Scientist
Evolution is the unifying force in modern biology, but it remains a source of misunderstanding and controversy. Start finding out why it is so important with our beginner's guide
Evolution's Genius | Video channel on TED.com
TED adores great design. A growing number of speakers focus their Talks on the most elegant designs that exist: those in the natural world.
Janine Benyus points out that nature has to its advantage around 3.8 billion years of "research and development," and lists wonderful examples of natural designs that solve intractable human engineering problems. Juan Enriquez describes how nature is driven by a remarkable information engine -- DNA -- and what that means for our future.
Richard Dawkins, perhaps the world’s most outspoken and influential evolutionary biologist, describes a "queer" natural world abundant with surprises and peculiarity, and warns us that even our minds are products of evolution. Likewise, Steven Pinker, Helen Fisher and Dan Dennett present insights on how evolution has shaped the human mind, and how its configuration affects love, sex, parenting and the spread of ideas. Kevin Kelly, meanwhile, advances his conception of technology as a new branch of life -- which is evolving accordingly.
Richard Dawkins on militant atheism | Video on TED.com
About this talk
Richard Dawkins urges all atheists to openly state their position -- and to fight the incursion of the church into politics and science. A fiery, funny, powerful talk.
About Richard Dawkins
Oxford professor Richard Dawkins has helped steer evolutionary science into the 21st century, and his concept of the "meme" contextualized the spread of ideas in the information age. In recent…
Richard Dawkins: The Genius of Charles Darwin - YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.
The Genius of Charles Darwin: A playlist of ten 10-minute video lectures about Charles Darwin and evolution by Oxford biology professor Richard Dawkins.
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