Home
Matti Narkia's Library tagged → View Popular
Berberiini - Wikipedia
Berberiini on isokinoliiniryhmän alkaloideihin kuuluva ammoniumsuola. Sitä saadaan useista kasvien, kuten ruostehappomarjan (Berberis vulgaris), Berberis aristata, hydrastisjuuren (Hydrastis canadensis) ja Coptis chinensis, juurista, rungosta ja kuoresta
Berberiiniä on käytetty kaukoidässä perinteisessä lääkinnässä bakteerien, virusten, sienten ja loisten torjuntaan.[3][4] Joidenkin tutkimusten mukaan se voisi toimia myös sairaalabakteeria MRSA vastaan.[5] Uusien tutkimusten perusteella berberiini vaikuttaa lupaavalta aineelta sokeri- ja rasva-aineenvaihdunnan häiriöiden (diabetes, insuliiniresistenssi, dyslipidemiat) hoitoon. Uuden raportin mukaan berberiini tehostaa synergisesti flukonatsolin vaikutusta hiivainfektioissa, myös lääkeresistenteissä tapauksissa. [6] Uusien tutkimusten mukaan berberiini yhtäältä vaimentaa tulehdusta välittäviä sytokiineja ja E-selektiiniä [7][8] ja geenejä ja toisalta lisää adiponektiinin [9] tuotantoa, mikä osaltaan selittää sen äskettäin osoitettuja monipuolisia vaikutuksia terveyteen.
Berberiini on ihanteellinen hoitoaine sekä sokeri- että rasva-aineenvaihdunnan häiriöiden, kuten metabolisen oireyhtymän, hoitoon, koska se vaikuttaa samanaikaisesti sekä LDL-reseptoreihin että insuliinireseptoreihin[11]. Kliinisten tutkimusten mukaan berberiini (1–1,5 g/vrk) alentaa ihmisen veren kohonnutta sokeripitoisuutta [12] yhtä hyvin kuin metformiini.[13] .
Berberiini on inotrooppinen yhdiste, joka koe-eläintutkimusten mukaan voi vahvistaa sydänlihasta ja ehkäistä rytmihäiriöitä [44] [45] [46] [47]. Alustava 156 potilaan hoitotutkimus berberiinillä tukee eläinkokeiden havaintoja.[48] Berberiini stabilisoi valtimoplakkeja ja ehkäisee niiden repeämistä, jolloin infarktin riski pienenee.
Berberiini on herättynyt kiinnostusta syövän estoaineena. [61][62] Sitä on tutkittu viime aikoina koe-eläimillä ja ihmisillä useissa eri syöpätaudeissa (mm. rinta-[63], eturauhas-, keuhko-, paksusuoli-, kieli-[64], aivo-, maksasyöpä, leukemia, melanooma[65], ihosyöpä (epidermoidi karsinoma), maksasyöpä
Klotho (biology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The Klotho gene codes for a transmembrane protein that, in addition to other effects, provides some control over the sensitivity of the organism to insulin and appears to be involved in aging. Its discovery was documented in 1997 by Kuro-o et al.[1] The name of the gene comes from Klotho or Clotho, one of the Moirae, or Fates, in Greek mythology.
The Klotho protein is a novel β-glucuronidase (EC number 3.2.1.21) capable of hydrolyzing steroid β-glucuronides. Genetic variants in KLOTHO have been associated with human aging,[2] and Klotho protein has been shown to be a circulating factor detectable in serum that declines with age.[3]
Klotho-deficient mice manifest a syndrome resembling accelerated human aging"
Calbindin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Calbindin describes calcium binding proteins first described as the vitamin D-dependent calcium binding proteins in intestine and kidney."
Vitamin D and influenza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Numerous studies link Vitamin D and influenza, as well as Vitamin D and respiratory infections more generally. This vitamin up-regulates genetic expression of various endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMP), which exhibit broad-spectrum microbicidal activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Reports discussed below indicate that susceptibility to influenza is reduced with higher levels of sun exposure or vitamin D supplementation. Seasonal variation of vitamin D levels in humans can help explain the seasonality of flu epidemics."
Ergocalciferol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Ergocalciferol (Deltalin, Eli Lilly and Company) is a form of vitamin D, also called vitamin D2. It has the systematic name "(3β,5Z,7E,22E)-9,10-secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraen-3-ol". It is created from viosterol, which in turn is created when ultraviolet light activates ergosterol."
Cholecalciferol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Cholecalciferol is a form of Vitamin D, also called vitamin D3 or calciol.[1]
It is structurally similar to steroids such as testosterone, cholesterol, and cortisol (though vitamin D3 itself is a secosteroid).
One gram of pure vitamin D3 is 40 000 000 (40x106) IU, or, in other words, one IU is 0.025 μg. Individuals having a high risk of deficiency should consume 125 μg (5000 IU) of vitamin D daily"
Cathelicidin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide is a family of polypeptides found in lysosomes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).[1]
Members of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial polypeptides are characterized by a highly conserved region (cathelin domain) and a highly variable cathelicidin peptide domain. Cathelicidin peptides have been isolated from many different species of mammals. Cathelicidins were originally found in neutrophils but have since been found in many other cells including epithelial cells and macrophages activated by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or the hormone 1,25-D"
Barcode reader - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Most barcode readers now use a PS/2 or USB cable for output: PS/2 cables are connected to the host computer in a Y formation, the PS/2 keyboard port with its first end, to the keyboard with its second, and to the barcode reader with its third end. The barcode characters are then received by the host computer as if they came from its keyboard decoded and converted to keyboard input within the scanner housing. This makes it easy to interface the bar code reader to any application that is written to accept keyboard input
USB is supported by many newer scanners. In many cases a choice of USB interface types (HID, CDC) are provided. Some have Powered USB."
Hypovitaminosis D - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Hypovitaminosis D is a deficiency of Vitamin D. It can result from: inadequate intake coupled with inadequate sunlight exposure (in particular sunlight with adequate ultra violet B rays), disorders that limit its absorption, conditions that impair conversion of vitamin D into active metabolites, such as liver or kidney disorders, or, rarely, by a number of hereditary disorders.[1] Deficiency results in impaired bone mineralization, and leads to bone softening diseases, rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, and contributes to osteoporosis.[1] Osteomalacia may also occur rarely as a side-effect of phenytoin use
Hypovitaminosis D is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration in blood of the compound 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol), which is a precursor to the active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol).[6] One recent review has proposed the following four categories for hypovitaminosis D:[7]
* Insufficient 50-100 nmol/L (20-40 ng/mL)
* Mild 25-50 nmol/L (10-20 ng/mL)
* Moderate 12.5-25.0 nmol/L (5-10 ng/mL)
* Severe < 12.5 nmol/L (< 5 ng/mL)
Note that 1.0 nmol/L = 0.4 ng/mL for this compound.[8] Other authors have suggested that a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 75-80 nmol/L (30-32 ng/mL) may be sufficient
Hypervitaminosis D - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Hypervitaminosis D is a state of vitamin D toxicity.
The recommended daily allowance is 400 IU per day. Overdose has been observed at 1925 µg/d (77,000 IU per day). Acute overdose requires between 15,000 µg/d (600,000 IU per day) and 42,000 µg/d (1,680,000 IU per day) over a period of several days to months, with a safe intake level being 250 µg/d (10,000 IU per day).[1] Foods contain low levels, and have not been known to cause overdose. Overdose has occurred due to industrial accidents, for example when incorrectly formulated pills were sold or missing industrial concentrate cans misused as cans of milk.
Vitamin D toxicity is unlikely except when certain medical conditions are present, such as primary hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and lymphoma."
Herxheimer reaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The Herxheimer reaction (also known as Jarisch-Herxheimer or Herx) occurs when large quantities of toxins are released into the body as bacteria (typically Spirochetal bacteria) die, due to antibiotic treatment or rapid detoxification.
Typically the death of these bacteria and the associated release of endotoxins occurs faster than the body can remove the toxins via the natural detoxification process performed by the kidneys and liver. It is manifested by fever, chills, headache, myalgia (muscle pain), and exacerbation of skin lesions. Duration in syphilis is normally only a few hours but can be much longer, up to months or years, for other diseases, especially Lyme Disease. The intensity of the reaction reflects the intensity of inflammation present.
The Herxheimer reaction has shown an increase in inflammatory cytokines during the period of exacerbation, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8"
Olmesartan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Olmesartan (trade names Benicar, Olmetec) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat high blood pressure. The prodrug olmesartan medoxomil is marketed worldwide by Daiichi Sankyo, Ltd. and in the United States by Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. and in India by Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. under the trade name Olvance.
Olmesartan may possess high affinity for the Vitamin D Receptor, based on molecular modeling studies[2], but these results have not been duplicated in clinical trials.
Because of the role of the Vitamin D receptor in innate immunity[3], this would indicate that olmesartan has immune modulatory properties. This theory is currently the premise underlying the Marshall Protocol, which uses olmesartan to impose a chemical blockade on 1,25 Vitamin D as part of a treatment of sarcoidosis and other diseases. The Marshall Protocol asserts that, assuming the etiology of these diseases is based on infection by cell-wall-deficient bacteria, restoring proper Vitamin D ratios via olmesartan dosing, combined with pulsed antibiotic dosing, would result in a cure.!
Brain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell.
Brains can be extremely complex. The cerebral cortex of the human brain contains roughly 15–33 billion neurons depending on gender and age,[2] linked with up to 10,000 synaptic connections each. Each cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly one billion synapses.[3] These neurons communicate with one another by means of long protoplasmic fibers called axons, which carry trains of signal pulses called action potentials to distant parts of the brain or body and target them to specific recipient cells."
Brain (as food) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The brain, like most other internal organs, or offal, can serve as nourishment. Brains used for nourishment include those of pigs, squirrels, horses, cattle, monkeys, chickens and goats. In many cultures, different types of brain are considered a delicacy.
In the Southern United States, canned pork brain in gravy can be purchased for consumption as food. This form of brain is often fried with scrambled eggs to produce "Eggs n' Brains".[1] They are part of the menu in many family owned restaurants throughout the region.
The brain of animals also features in French cuisine, in dishes such as cervelle de veau and tête de veau."
Superfood - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Superfood is a term sometimes used to describe food with high phytonutrient content that may confer health benefits as a result. For example, blueberries are often considered a superfood (or superfruit) because they contain significant amounts of antioxidants, anthocyanins, vitamin C, manganese, and dietary fiber.[1] However, the term is not in common currency amongst dieticians and nutritional scientists, many of whom dispute the claims made that consuming particular foodstuffs can have a health benefit[2] There is no legal definition of the term and it has been alleged that this has led to it being over-used as a marketing too"
Açaí Palm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The açaí palm or aqai (Euterpe oleracea) is a species of palm tree in the genus Euterpe cultivated for their fruit and superior hearts of palm. Its name comes from the European adaptation of the Tupian word ïwasa'i, '[fruit that] cries or expels water'. Global demand for the fruit has expanded rapidly in recent years, and açaí is now cultivated for that purpose primarily. The closely-related species Euterpe edulis (jucara) is now predominantly used for hearts of palm.[citation needed]
Eight species are native to Central and South America, from Belize southward to Brazil and Peru, growing mainly in swamps and floodplains. Açaí palms are tall, slender palms growing to 15–30 meters, with pinnate leaves up to 3 meters long.
Guava - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Guavas are plants in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae) genus Psidium, which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. They are native to Mexico, Central America and northern South America. Most likely naturally spreading (by means of ocean drifting) to parts of the Caribbean and some parts of North Africa, guavas are now cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics, and due to growing demand they are also grown in some subtropical regions."
Wolfberry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
" Wolfberry is also another name for the western snowberry, Symphoricarpos occidentalis.
Wolfberry
Lycium barbarum fruits
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Lycium
Species
* Lycium barbarum L.
* Lycium chinense Mill.
* Lycium halimifolium Mill. (synonym for L. barbarum)
* Lycium ovatum Loisel. (synonym for L. chinense Mill. var. chinense
* Lycium turbinatum Veill. or Loisel. (synonym for L. barbarum)
* Lycium vulgare Dunal (synonym for L. barbarum)
Wolfberry, commercially called goji berry, is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species: Lycium barbarum (Chinese: 寧夏枸杞; pinyin: Níngxià gǒuqǐ) and L. chinense (Chinese: 枸杞; pinyin: gǒuqǐ), two species of boxthorn in the family Solanaceae (which also includes the potato, tomato, eggplant, deadly nightshade, chili pepper, and tobacco). It is native to southeastern Europe and Asia.[1]
It is also known as Chinese wolfberry, mede berry, barbary matrimony vine, bocksdorn, Duke of Argyll's tea tree, Murali (in India),[2] red medlar, or matrimony vine.[3] Unrelated to the plant's geographic origin, the names Tibetan goji and Himalayan goji are in common use in the health food market for products from this plan"
Selfish Brain Theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The "Selfish Brain" theory describes the characteristic of the human brain to cover its own, comparably high energy requirements with the utmost of priorities when regulating energy fluxes in the organism. The brain behaves selfishly in this respect. The "Selfish brain" theory amongst other things provides a novel explanation for the origin of obesity, the severe and pathological form of overweight. The Luebeck obesity and diabetes specialist Achim Peters developed the fundamentals of this theory between 1998 and 2004. The interdisciplinary "Selfish Brain: brain glucose and metabolic syndrome" research group headed by Peters and supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) at the University of Luebeck has in the meantime been able to reinforce the basics of the theory through experimental research. Scientists the world over now consider this work as pioneering for the study of the causes of pathological eating disorders and the development of innovative therapies."
Uffe Ravnskov - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Uffe Ravnskov (born 1934) is a Danish independent researcher, a member of various international scientific organisations, and a former private medical practitioner in Sweden. In recent years he has gained international recognition for his research into numerous scientific studies, leading to the publication of a book which stated that the widely popularised Lipid Hypothesis is scientifically invalid."
Selected Tags
Related Tags
Sponsored Links
Top Contributors
Groups interested in Wikipedia
Highlighter, Sticky notes, Tagging, Groups and Network: integrated suite dramatically boosting research productivity. Learn more »
Join Diigo