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Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Among US Children Aged 1 to 11 Years: Do Children Need More Vitamin D? - [Pediatrics. 2009] - PubMed result
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Among US Children Aged 1 to 11 Years: Do Children Need More Vitamin D?
Mansbach JM, Ginde AA, Camargo CA Jr.
Pediatrics. 2009 Nov;124(5):1404-1410.
PMID: 19951983
CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of a nationally representative sample of US children aged 1 to 11 years, millions of children may have suboptimal levels of 25(OH)D, especially non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children. More data in children are needed not only to understand better the health implications of specific serum levels of 25(OH)D but also to determine the appropriate vitamin D supplement requirements for children.
A vitamin D nutritional cornucopia: new insights concerning the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population -- Norman 88 (6): 1455 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
A vitamin D nutritional cornucopia: new insights concerning the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population.
Norman AW.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1455-6.
PMID: 19064502
doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27049
In summary, the report of Looker et al should be required reading for all nutritionists, clinicians, and vitamin D aficionados who are decision makers with regard to 25(OH)D assays, vitamin D nutritional policy, and the care of patients with vitamin D–related diseases.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population: 1988-1994 compared with 2000-2004 -- Looker et al. 88 (6): 1519 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population: 1988-1994 compared with 2000-2004.
Looker AC, Pfeiffer CM, Lacher DA, Schleicher RL, Picciano MF, Yetley EA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1519-27.
PMID: 19064511
doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26182
Conclusions: Overall, mean serum 25(OH)D was lower in 2000–2004 than 1988–1994. Assay changes unrelated to changes in vitamin D status accounted for much of the difference in most population groups. In an adult subgroup, combined changes in BMI, milk intake, and sun protection appeared to contribute to a real decline in vitamin D status.
In summary, age-standardized mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations based on observed values were significantly lower in 2000–2004 than in 1988–1994 in all groups examined. Adjustment for assay changes noticeably reduced the difference between surveys. However, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations remained significantly lower in males (except Mexican Americans) in NHANES 2000–2004 than in NHANES III, even after adjustment for assay differences. This remaining difference likely represents a real decline in vitamin D status. Changes in BMI, milk intake, and sun protection appeared to contribute to this decline in a subgroup of non-Hispanic white adults. The possibility that trends in overweight, sun protection, and milk intake may continue supports the need to continue monitoring the serum 25(OH)D status of the population
Omega-3 rather than genetics is key to lack of CHD in Japanese? - theheart.org
July 28, 2008 | Sue Hughes
Pittsburgh, PA and Shiga, Japan - The low rate of atherosclerosis and heart disease in Japanese people may be related to their very high levels of marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids rather than genetic factors, a new study suggests [1].
The study, published in the August 5, 2008 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (available online July 28), was conducted by a group led by Dr Akira Sekikawa (University of Pittsburgh, PA, and Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan).
They found that compared with white or Japanese American men living in the US, Japanese men living in Japan had twice the blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids—a finding that was independently linked to low levels of atherosclerosis.
"The death rate from coronary heart disease in Japan has always been puzzlingly low. Our study suggests that the very low rates of coronary heart disease among Japanese living in Japan may be due to their lifelong high consumption of fish," Sekikawa said."
Results showed that the Japanese men had the lowest levels of atherosclerosis, whereas whites and Japanese Americans had similar higher levels. The Japanese men also had twofold higher levels of marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids than white and Japanese Americans.
In addition, the significant differences between Japanese and American men in multivariable-adjusted IMT and CAC prevalence became nonsignificant after adjustment further for marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids.
Omega-3 Rather Than Genetics Is Key to Lack of CHD in Japanese? - Medscape
July 29, 2008 — The low rate of atherosclerosis and heart disease in Japanese people may be related to their very high levels of marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids rather than genetic factors, a new study suggests [1].
The study, known as Electron-Beam Tomography, Risk Factor Assessment Among Japanese and US Men in the Post-World War II Birth Cohort (ERA JUMP) included 868 randomly selected men aged 40 to 49. Of these, 281 were Japanese men living in Japan; 306 were white men living in the US, and 281 were third- or fourth-generation Japanese American men from Hawaii. All study participants had a physical examination, completed a lifestyle questionnaire, and had blood tests to measure cholesterol levels and levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) and coronary artery calcification (CAC).
Results showed that the Japanese men had the lowest levels of atherosclerosis, whereas whites and Japanese Americans had similar higher levels. The Japanese men also had twofold higher levels of marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids than white and Japanese Americans.
The study, published in the August 5, 2008 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (available online July 28), was conducted by a group led by Dr Akira Sekikawa (University of Pittsburgh, PA, and Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan).
They found that compared with white or Japanese American men living in the US, Japanese men living in Japan had twice the blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids — a finding that was independently linked to low levels of atherosclerosis.
Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and the distribution of lipoprotein subclasses in men aged 40-49 between whites in the U.S. and the Japanese in Japan for the ERA JUMP Study
Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and the distribution of lipoprotein subclasses in men aged 40 to 49 years between whites in the United States and the Japanese in Japan for the ERA JUMP study.
Sekikawa A, Ueshima H, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Kadowaki T, El-Saed A, Okamura T, Takamiya T, Ueno Y, Evans RW, Nakamura Y, Edmundowicz D, Kashiwagi A, Maegawa H, Kuller LH.
Metabolism. 2008 Feb;57(2):177-82.
PMID: 18191046
doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.08.022.
In men in the post World War II birth cohort, i.e., men aged 40–49, whites in the United States (U.S.) had significantly higher levels of intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries (IMT) than the Japanese in Japan.
The whites had significantly higher levels of large very-low-density-lipoprotein particles and significantly lower levels of large high-density-lipoprotein particles than the Japanese, whereas the two populations had similar levels of small low-density-lipoprotein particles. The two populations had similar associations of IMT with NMR lipoproteins. Adjusting for NMR lipoproteins did not attenuate the significant difference in IMT between the two populations (0.671 ± 0.006 for the whites and 0.618 ± 0.006 mm for the Japanese, P=0.01, mean (standard error)). Differences in the distributions of NMR lipoproteins between the two populations did not explain the higher IMT in the whites.
Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids and atherosclerosis in Japanese, Japanese Americans, and Whites: a cross-sectional study
Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids and atherosclerosis in Japanese, Japanese-American, and white men: a cross-sectional study.
Sekikawa A, Curb JD, Ueshima H, El-Saed A, Kadowaki T, Abbott RD, Evans RW, Rodriguez BL, Okamura T, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Nakamura Y, Masaki K, Edmundowicz D, Kashiwagi A, Willcox BJ, Takamiya T, Mitsunami K, Seto TB, Murata K, White RL, Kuller LH; ERA JUMP (Electron-Beam Tomography, Risk Factor Assessment Among Japanese and U.S. Men in the Post-World War II Birth Cohort) Study Group.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Aug 5;52(6):417-24.
PMID: 18672160
Conclusions
Very high levels of marine-derived n-3 FAs have anti-atherogenic properties independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and may contribute to lower burden of atherosclerosis in Japanese in Japan, which is unlikely due to genetic factors.
ERA JUMP: Omega-3 fatty acids and plaque - The Heart Scan Blog
"The results of the uniquely-constructed ERA JUMP Study were just released, a fascinating study of the relationship of omega-3 fatty acids to coronary and carotid plaque.
The study adds insight into why the Japanese experience only one third of the heart attacks of Americans, and why Japan occupies the bottom of the list for least heart attacks among all developed countries.
The Electron-Beam Tomography, Risk Factor Assessment Among Japanese and U.S. Men in the Post-World War II Birth Cohort Study (ERA JUMP), a collaborative U.S.-Japanese effort, compared three groups of men:
-- 281 Japanese men living in Japan
-- 306 non-Japanese men living in the U.S. (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)
-- 303 Japanese Americans (having both parents Japanese without “ethnic admixture”) living in Hawaii.
The last group represents a group that is genetically similar to the group in Japan, but exposed to an American diet and lifestyle.
Three main measures were compared:
-- Blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA)
-- Carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT, the thickness of the carotid artery lining that can serve as an index of body-wide atherosclerosis)
-- Coronary calcium (heart scan) scores."
JAMA -- Association of Urinary Bisphenol A Concentration With Medical Disorders and Laboratory Abnormalities in Adults, September 17, 2008, Lang et al. 300 (11): 1303
Association of urinary bisphenol A concentration with medical disorders and laboratory abnormalities in adults.
Lang IA, Galloway TS, Scarlett A, Henley WE, Depledge M, Wallace RB, Melzer D.
JAMA. 2008 Sep 17;300(11):1303-10. Epub 2008 Sep 16.
PMID: 18799442
Conclusion Higher BPA exposure, reflected in higher urinary concentrations of BPA, may be associated with avoidable morbidity in the community-dwelling adult population.
Vitamin D content in Alaskan Arctic zooplankton, fishes, and marine mammals - Wiley InterScience :: JOURNALS :: Zoo Biology
Vitamin D content in Alaskan Arctic zooplankton, fishes, and marine mammals.
David E. Kenny 1, Todd M. O'Hara, Tai C. Chen, Zhiren Lu, Xiao Tian, Michael F. Holick.
Zoo Biology
Volume 23 Issue 1, Pages 33 - 43
Published Online: 13 Feb 2004
Doi: 10.1002/zoo.10104
Prospective Study of Serum Vitamin D and Cancer Mortality in the United States -- Freedman et al. 99 (21): 1594 -- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States.
Freedman DM, Looker AC, Chang SC, Graubard BI.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Nov 7;99(21):1594-602. Epub 2007 Oct 30.
PMID: 17971526
doi:10.1093/jnci/djm204
CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support an association between 25(OH)D and total cancer mortality, although there was an inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer mortality.
Health Services/Technology Assessment Text (HSTAT)
The Health Services Technology/Assessment Texts (HSTAT) is a free, Web-based resource of full-text documents that provide health information and support health care decision making. HSTAT's audience includes health care providers, health service researchers, policy makers, payers, consumers and the information professionals who serve these groups.
Demographic Differences and Trends of Vitamin D Insufficiency in the US Population, 1988-2004, March 23, 2009, Ginde et al. 169 (6): 626 - Arch Intern Med -- Abstract:
Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004.
Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA Jr.
Arch Intern Med. 2009 Mar 23;169(6):626-32.
PMID: 19307527
Conclusions National data demonstrate a marked decrease in serum 25(OH)D levels from the 1988-1994 to the 2001-2004 NHANES data collections. Racial/ethnic differences have persisted and may have important implications for known health disparities. Current recommendations for vitamin D supplementation are inadequate to address the growing epidemic of vitamin D insufficiency.
Calcium and vitamin d supplementation decreases incidence of stress fractures in female navy recruits. - JBMR Online - Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - 23(5):741 - Full Text
Calcium and vitamin d supplementation decreases incidence of stress fractures in female navy recruits.
Lappe J, Cullen D, Haynatzki G, Recker R, Ahlf R, Thompson K.
J Bone Miner Res. 2008 May;23(5):741-9.
PMID: 18433305
doi: 10.1359/jbmr.080102
Conclusions: Generalizing the findings to the population of 14,416 women who entered basic training at the Great Lakes during the 24 mo of recruitment, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for the entire cohort would have prevented 187 persons from fracturing. Such a decrease in SFx would be associated with a significant decrease in morbidity and financial costs.
Prevalence and Associations of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in US Children: NHANES 2001-2004 -- Kumar et al. 124 (3): e362 -- Pediatrics
Prevalence and Associations of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in US Children: NHANES 2001-2004.
Kumar J, Muntner P, Kaskel FJ, Hailpern SM, Melamed ML.
Pediatrics. 2009 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19661054
CONCLUSIONS: 25(OH)D deficiency is common in the general US pediatric population and is associated with adverse cardiovascular risks.
Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly
Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly.
McKenna MJ.
Am J Med. 1992 Jul;93(1):69-77.
PMID: 1385673
PURPOSE: To compare vitamin D status between countries in young adults and in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Reports on vitamin D status (as assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) from 1971 to 1990 were reviewed. Studies were grouped according to geographic regions: North America (including Canada and the United States); Scandinavia (including Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden); and Central and Western Europe (including Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom). RESULTS: Vitamin D status varies with the season in young adults and in the elderly, and is lower during the winter in Europe than in both North America and Scandinavia. Oral vitamin D intake is lower in Europe than in both North America and Scandinavia. Hypovitaminosis D and related abnormalities in bone chemistry are most common in elderly residents in Europe but are reported in all elderly populations. CONCLUSIONS: The vitamin D status in young adults and the elderly varies widely with the country of residence. Adequate exposure to summer sunlight is the essential means to ample supply, but oral intake augmented by both fortification and supplementation is necessary to maintain baseline stores. All countries should adopt a fortification policy. It seems likely that the elderly would benefit additionally from a daily supplement of 10 micrograms of vitamin D.
Prospective Study of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in Older U.S. Adults.- Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Prospective Study of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in Older U.S. Adults.
Ginde AA, Scragg R, Schwartz RS, Camargo CA Jr.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Jun 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19549021
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02359.x
CONCLUSION: In noninstitutionalized older adults, a group at high risk for all-cause mortality, serum 25(OH)D levels had an independent, inverse association with CVD and all-cause mortality. Randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation in older adults are warranted to determine whether this association is causal and reversible.
An estimate of cancer mortality rate reductions in Europe and the US with 1,000 IU of oral vitamin D per day. - [Recent Results Cancer Res. 2007] - PubMed Result
An estimate of cancer mortality rate reductions in Europe and the US with 1,000 IU of oral vitamin D per day.
Grant WB, Garland CF, Gorham ED.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 2007;174:225-34. Review.
PMID: 17302200
The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among US adults: data from the NHANES III. - [Ethn Dis. 2005] - PubMed Result
The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among US adults: data from the NHANES III.
Zadshir A, Tareen N, Pan D, Norris K, Martins D.
Ethn Dis. 2005 Autumn;15(4 Suppl 5):S5-97-101.
PMID: 16315387
CONCLUSION: Serum levels of 25(OH) D3 are below the recommended levels for a large portion of the general adult population and in most minorities. Need exists for a critical review and probable revision of current recommendations for adult vitamin D intake to maintain adequate 25(OH) D3 levels.
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