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Phytase activity in the human and rat small intestine.
Phytase activity in the human and rat small intestine.
Iqbal TH, Lewis KO, Cooper BT.
Gut. 1994 Sep;35(9):1233-6.
PMID: 7959229
Higher serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with longer leukocyte telomere length in women -- Richards et al. 86 (5): 1420 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Higher serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with longer leukocyte telomere length in women.
Richards JB, Valdes AM, Gardner JP, Paximadas D, Kimura M, Nessa A, Lu X, Surdulescu GL, Swaminathan R, Spector TD, Aviv A.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Nov;86(5):1420-5.
PMID: 17991655
NEJM -- Coronary Calcium as a Predictor of Coronary Events in Four Racial or Ethnic Groups
Coronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groups.
Detrano R, Guerci AD, Carr JJ, Bild DE, Burke G, Folsom AR, Liu K, Shea S, Szklo M, Bluemke DA, O'Leary DH, Tracy R, Watson K, Wong ND, Kronmal RA.
N Engl J Med. 2008 Mar 27;358(13):1336-45.
PMID: 18367736
Calcium and vitamin D intakes may be positively associated with brain lesions in depressed and non-depressed elders
Calcium and vitamin D intakes may be positively associated with brain lesions in depressed and nondepressed elders.
Payne ME, Anderson JJ, Steffens DC.
Nutr Res. 2008 May;28(5):285-92.
PMID: 19083421
doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.02.013
In conclusion, calcium and vitamin D consumption were associated with brain lesions in elderly subjects even after controlling for potentially explanatory variables. These associations may be due to vascular calcification or other mechanism. The possibility of adverse effects of high intakes of calcium and vitamin D needs to be further explored in longitudinal studies of elderly subjects.
Food Choices and Coronary Heart Disease: A Population Based Cohort Study of Rural Swedish Men with 12 Years of Follow-up - MDPI - Abstract (free full text PDF available)
Food Choices and Coronary Heart Disease: A Population Based Cohort Study of Rural Swedish Men with 12 Years of Follow-up.
Sara Holmberg, Anders Thelin and Eva-Lena Stiernström.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 6(10), 2626-2638; doi:10.3390/ijerph6102626 - published online 12 October 2009
Coronary heart disease is associated with diet. Nutritional recommendations are frequently provided, but few long term studies on the effect of food choices on heart disease are available. We followed coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in a cohort of rural men (N = 1,752) participating in a prospective observational study. Dietary choices were assessed at baseline with a 15-item food questionnaire. 138 men were hospitalized or deceased owing to coronary heart disease during the 12 year follow-up. Daily intake of fruit and vegetables was associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease when combined with a high dairy fat consumption (odds ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.73), but not when combined with a low dairy fat consumption (odds ratio 1.70, 95% CI 0.97-2.98). Choosing wholemeal bread or eating fish at least twice a week showed no association with the outcome.
Fish Oil-Fed Mice Have Impaired Resistance to Influenza Infection -- Schwerbrock et al. 139 (8): 1588 -- Journal of Nutrition
Fish oil-fed mice have impaired resistance to influenza infection.
Schwerbrock NM, Karlsson EA, Shi Q, Sheridan PA, Beck MA.
J Nutr. 2009 Aug;139(8):1588-94. Epub 2009 Jun 23.
PMID: 19549756
doi:10.3945/jn.109.108027
These results suggest that the antiinflammatory properties of fish oil feeding can alter the immune response to influenza infection, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.
Effects of daily ingestion of chilli on serum lipoprotein oxidation in adult men and women
Effects of daily ingestion of chilli on serum lipoprotein oxidation in adult men and women.
Ahuja KD, Ball MJ.
Br J Nutr. 2006 Aug;96(2):239-42.
PMID: 16923216
In conclusion, regular consumption of chilli for 4 weeks increases the resistance of serum lipoproteins to oxidation.
The effect of 4-week chilli supplementation on metabolic and arterial function in humans - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition - Abstract of article
The effect of 4-week chilli supplementation on metabolic and arterial function in humans.
Ahuja KD, Robertson IK, Geraghty DP, Ball MJ.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;61(3):326-33. Epub 2006 Aug 23. Erratum in: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;61(3):442.
PMID: 16929238
Conclusion: Four weeks of regular chilli consumption has no obvious beneficial or harmful effects on metabolic parameters but may reduce resting heart rate and increase effective myocardial perfusion pressure time in men.
Effects of chili consumption on postprandial glucose, insulin, and energy metabolism -- Ahuja et al. 84 (1): 63 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Effects of chili consumption on postprandial glucose, insulin, and energy metabolism.
Ahuja KD, Robertson IK, Geraghty DP, Ball MJ.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jul;84(1):63-9.
PMID: 16825682
CONCLUSION: Regular consumption of chili may attenuate postprandial hyperinsulinemia
Plasma calcidiol, season, and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in healthy elderly men and women -- Dawson-Hughes et al. 65 (1): 67 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (full text PDF)
Plasma calcidiol, season, and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in healthy elderly men and women.
Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Dallal GE.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1):67-71.
PMID: 8988915
Plasma calcidiol and serum PTH concentrations were inversely related, with PTH rising slowly as calcidiol concentrations declined below 110 nmol/L (95 CI: 60, 168 nmol/L). More than 90% of the men and women had calcidiol concentrations below this value in the wintertime. The high prevalence of lower wintertime calcidiol values may increase risk of bone loss in elderly men and women.
Modulation of prostate cancer genetic risk by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids - Journal of Clinical Investigation (free full text)
Modulation of prostate cancer genetic risk by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
Berquin IM, Min Y, Wu R, Wu J, Perry D, Cline JM, Thomas MJ, Thornburg T, Kulik G, Smith A, Edwards IJ, D'Agostino R, Zhang H, Wu H, Kang JX, Chen YQ.
J Clin Invest. 2007 Jul;117(7):1866-75.
PMID: 17607361
Our data suggest that modulation of prostate cancer development by polyunsaturated fatty acids is mediated in part through Bad-dependent apoptosis. This study highlights the importance of gene-diet interactions in prostate cancer.
Serum Vitamin D and Risk of Prostate Cancer in a Case-Control Analysis Nested Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) -- Travis et al. 169 (10): 1223 -- American Journal of Epidemiology
Serum vitamin D and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control analysis nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
Travis RC, Crowe FL, Allen NE, Appleby PN, Roddam AW, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Linseisen J, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Kröger J, Trichopoulou A, Dilis V, Trichopoulos D, Vineis P, Palli D, Tumino R, Sieri S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, van Duijnhoven FJ, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Larrañaga N, González CA, Argüelles MV, Sánchez MJ, Stattin P, Hallmans G, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Rinaldi S, Slimani N, Jenab M, Riboli E, Key TJ.
Am J Epidemiol. 2009 May 15;169(10):1223-32. Epub 2009 Apr 9.
PMID: 19359375
In summary, the results of this large nested case-control study provide no evidence in support of a protective effect of circulating concentrations of vitamin D on the risk of prostate cancer.
Israeli 'cancer shift' over heart disease mortality may be led by greater risk in women with high intake of n-6 fatty acids. - European Journal of Cancer Prevention
Israeli 'cancer shift' over heart disease mortality may be led by greater risk in women with high intake of n-6 fatty acids.
Shapira N.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Oct;16(5):486-94.
PMID: 17923822
doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0b013e3280145b6d
Population studies of Israeli Jews, Arabs, and women support the association of high n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake with increased cancer risk and higher female sensitivity. Research findings suggest that gender and sex hormones may influence n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and carcinogenesis. This appears to be the first time gender has been proposed to modulate national cancer epidemiology, suggesting implications for differential nutritional prevention, warranting further research.
Dietary Mono- and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Similarly Affect LDL Size in Healthy Men and Women -- Kratz et al. 132 (4): 715 -- Journal of Nutrition
Dietary Mono- and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Similarly Affect LDL Size in Healthy Men and Women -- Kratz et al. 132 (4): 715 -- Journal of Nutrition
Dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids similarly affect LDL size in healthy men and women.
Kratz M, Gülbahçe E, von Eckardstein A, Cullen P, Cignarella A, Assmann G, Wahrburg U.
J Nutr. 2002 Apr;132(4):715-8.
PMID: 11925466
In conclusion, our data indicate that dietary unsaturated fat similarly reduces LDL size relative to saturated fat. However, the small magnitude of this reduction also suggests that the composition of dietary fat is not a major factor affecting LDL size.
The Serum LDL/HDL Cholesterol Ratio Is Influenced More Favorably by Exchanging Saturated with Unsaturated Fat Than by Reducing Saturated Fat in the Diet of Women -- Müller et al. 133 (1): 78 -- Journal of Nutrition
The serum LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio is influenced more favorably by exchanging saturated with unsaturated fat than by reducing saturated fat in the diet of women.
Müller H, Lindman AS, Brantsaeter AL, Pedersen JI.
J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):78-83.
PMID: 12514271
The most important finding of this study was that lowering total saturated fat in the form of coconut oil, from 22.7 to 10.5 E% without change in the P/S ratio, did not lower total or LDL cholesterol, but significantly reduced HDL cholesterol. Thus, less favorable LDL/HDL cholesterol and apoB/apoA-I ratios occurred after intake of the LSAFA than after the HSAFA diet. After intake of the HUFA diet, on the other hand, there was a greater reduction in LDL cholesterol and lower LDL/HDL cholesterol and apoB/apoA-I ratios than after the two other diets. Our results show that replacing saturated fat from coconut oil by carbohydrates is less efficient than replacing by unsaturated fat if the aim is to improve the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, in accordance with results of other studies.
In conclusion, we have shown that the HDL cholesterol-increasing effect of lauric and myristic acids strongly influences the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio. The results support the contention that reduction of dietary saturated fat high in these fatty acids, without altering the amount of unsaturated fat, does not appreciably alter serum LDL cholesterol, increases VLDL cholesterol and increases the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio. Thus, the proportions of dietary fatty acids rather than restriction of the percentage of saturated fat energy may be of primary importance if the aim is to reduce the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio.
Plasma Vitamin D and 25OHD Responses of Young and Old Men to Supplementation with Vitamin D3 -- Harris and Dawson-Hughes 21 (4): 357 -- Journal of the American College of Nutrition
Plasma vitamin D and 25OHD responses of young and old men to supplementation with vitamin D3.
Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2002 Aug;21(4):357-62.
PMID: 12166534
Conclusions: There appears to be no age-related impairment among men in the absorption or metabolism of 20 µg/day of vitamin D3 taken orally for at least eight weeks.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in vitamin D-insufficient hip fracture patients after supplementation with ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in vitamin D-insufficient hip fracture patients after supplementation with ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol.
Glendenning P, Chew GT, Seymour HM, Gillett MJ, Goldswain PR, Inderjeeth CA, Vasikaran SD, Taranto M, Musk AA, Fraser WD.
Bone. 2009 Nov;45(5):870-5. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
PMID: 19631774
doi:10.1016/j.bone.2009.07.015
Cholecalciferol supplementation resulted in a 31% greater increase in total HPLC-measured 25OHD (p=0.010) and 52% greater rise in RIA-measured 25OHD (p<0.001) than supplementation with an equivalent dose of ergocalciferol. Changes in iPTH and wPTH were not significantly different between calciferol treatments (p>0.05). In vitamin D-insufficient hip fracture patients, supplementation with cholecalciferol 1000 IU/day for three months was more effective in increasing serum 25OHD than an equivalent dose of ergocalciferol. However, the lack of difference in PTH lowering between calciferol treatments raises questions about the biological importance of this observation.
Severe vitamin D deficiency in Swiss hip fracture patients. - [Bone. 2008] - PubMed Result
Severe vitamin D deficiency in Swiss hip fracture patients.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Can U, Staehelin HB, Platz A, Henschkowski J, Michel BA, Dawson-Hughes B, Theiler R.
Bone. 2008 Mar;42(3):597-602. Epub 2007 Nov 28.
PMID: 18180211
BACKGROUND: Most clinical guidelines for the prevention of hip fractures recommend 800 IU vitamin D per day. This dose shifted serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (25(OH)D) in previous studies to between 60 and 100 nmol/l. AIM: To measure 25(OH)D levels and prevalence of vitamin D supplementation in individuals age 65+ with acute hip fracture. METHODS: 222 consecutive hip fracture patients were investigated over a 12 month period. Mean age of patients was 86 years and 77% were women. RESULTS: Mean serum 25(OH)D levels were low among hip fracture patients admitted from home (34.6 nmol/l), from assisted living (27.7 nmol/l), and from nursing homes (24 nmol/l). Severe vitamin D deficiency below 30 nmol/l was present in 60%, 80% were below 50 nmol/l, and less than 4% reached desirable levels of at least 75 nmol/l. Consistently, only 10% of hip fracture patients had any vitamin D supplementation on admission to acute care with significantly higher 25(OH)D levels among individuals supplemented with 800-880 IU/day (63.5 nmol/l). Controlling for age and gender, vitamin D supplementation, type of dwelling, and season were independently and significantly associated with 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSION: These data provide evidence that current guidelines for the prevention of hip fractures need further effort to be translated into clinical practice.
Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomised double blind controlled trial -- Trivedi et al. 326 (7387): 469 -- BMJ
Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomised double blind controlled trial.
Trivedi DP, Doll R, Khaw KT.
BMJ. 2003 Mar 1;326(7387):469.
PMID: 12609940
Conclusion: Four monthly supplementation with 100 000 IU oral vitamin D may prevent fractures without adverse effects in men and women living in the general community.
Maternal Licorice Consumption and Detrimental Cognitive and Psychiatric Outcomes in Children -- Räikkönen et al., 10.1093/aje/kwp272 -- American Journal of Epidemiology
Katri Räikkönen, Anu-Katriina Pesonen, Kati Heinonen, Jari Lahti, Niina Komsi, Johan G. Eriksson, Jonathan R. Seckl, Anna-Liisa Järvenpää, and Timo E. Strandberg
Maternal Licorice Consumption and Detrimental Cognitive and Psychiatric Outcomes in Children
American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published on October 4, 2009.
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp272
Data are compatible with adverse fetal "programming" by overexposure to glucocorticoids and caution against excessive intake of licorice-containing foodstuffs during pregnancy.
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