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Mechanisms of Berberine (Natural Yellow 18)-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Interaction with the Adenine Nucleotide Translocator -- Pereira et al. 105 (2): 408 -- Toxicological Sciences
Mechanisms of berberine (natural yellow 18)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction: interaction with the adenine nucleotide translocator.
Pereira CV, Machado NG, Oliveira PJ.
Toxicol Sci. 2008 Oct;105(2):408-17. Epub 2008 Jul 3.
PMID: 18599498
doi: 10.1124/jpet.107.128017
The data from the present work appear to show that berberine also presents some degree of toxicity to "nontumor" systems, which should be carefully understood. ANT inhibition in nontumor cells by berberine would be responsible for a decrease in energy production and could also result in MPT induction. To the best of our knowledge, no full toxicity assessment exists for berberine in humans, although its use in several commercially available supplements suggests that the compound may present a relatively wide safety interval. In fact, a study with patients with congestive heart failure treated with 1.2 g/day of oral berberine revealed low toxicity and resulted into an average plasma concentration of 0.11 mg/l which would translate into 0.3µM (Zeng and Zeng, 1999Go). Repeated cumulative treatments, alternative forms of formulation (e.g., topical application vs. injection) or more importantly, active mitochondrial accumulation due to its positive charge would be expected to increase its concentration in cells into the range of concentrations used in this study.
Empirical data from nontraditional medicines plus the use of extensive clinical assays would allow the use of berberine as a promising antimelanoma agent while maintaining its safety for humans. In radial/vertical forms of melanoma, a possible topical application of berberine would also be possible, thus minimizing side effects on other organs.
In conclusion, the present work identifies the ANT as an important target for berberine, with clear relevance for its proposed antitumor effects.
Berberine Inhibits Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 5-8F Cells by Targeting Rho Kinase-mediated Ezrin Phosphorylation at Threonine 567 - JBC
Berberine inhibits metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma 5-8F cells by targeting Rho kinase-mediated Ezrin phosphorylation at threonine 567.
Tang F, Wang D, Duan C, Huang D, Wu Y, Chen Y, Wang W, Xie C, Meng J, Wang L, Wu B, Liu S, Tian D, Zhu F, He Z, Deng F, Cao Y.
J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 2;284(40):27456-66. Epub 2009 Aug 3.
PMID: 19651779
Berberine inhibits growth, induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells by regulating Cdki-Cdk-cyclin cascade, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP -- Mantena et al. 27 (10): 2018 --
Berberine inhibits growth, induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells by regulating Cdki-Cdk-cyclin cascade, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP.
Mantena SK, Sharma SD, Katiyar SK.
Carcinogenesis. 2006 Oct;27(10):2018-27. Epub 2006 Apr 18.
PMID: 16621886
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl043
In the present investigation, we show that berberine, which is present abundantly in Berberis plant species, significantly inhibits the viability, proliferation and induces cell death in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells (Figure 1), but this effect was not found in normal human epidermal keratinocytes under the identical conditions, except for a non-significant reduction in cell viability at higher concentrations of berberine (50 and 75 µM) and treatment of cells for a longer period of time (72 h). These data suggested that berberine may be examined as an effective chemotherapeutic agent against non-melanoma skin cancers.
In conclusion, our study indicates that berberine inhibits growth, induces G1 arrest and apoptotic cell death of human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. We also provide mechanistic evidences that berberine-induced apoptosis in human epidermoid carcinoma cells is mediated through disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase 3 pathway, although other pathways may have a role and that require further investigation. Moreover, further in vivo studies are required to determine whether berberine could be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers.
A systematic review of the anticancer properties of berberine, a natural product from Chinese herbs. - Anti-Cancer Drugs
A systematic review of the anticancer properties of berberine, a natural product from Chinese herbs.
Sun Y, Xun K, Wang Y, Chen X.
Anticancer Drugs. 2009 Oct;20(9):757-69.
PMID: 19704371
Berberine and Coptidis Rhizoma as novel antineoplastic agents: A review of traditional use and biomedical investigations - ScienceDirect - Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Berberine and Coptidis rhizoma as novel antineoplastic agents: a review of traditional use and biomedical investigations.
Tang J, Feng Y, Tsao S, Wang N, Curtain R, Wang Y.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Oct 29;126(1):5-17. Epub 2009 Aug 15.
PMID: 19686830
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.009
Conclusions
The modern evidences of treating cancer with Huanglian and berberine have a strong linkage with traditional concept and rules of using Huanglian in CM practice. As anticancer candidates with low toxicity, berberine and its altered structure, as well as Huanglian and its formulae, will attract scientists to pursue the potential anticancer effects and the mechanisms by using technologies of genomics, proteomics and other advanced approaches. On the other hand, relatively few in vivo studies have been conducted on anticancer effects of Huanglian and berberine. The clinical application of berberine or Huanglian as novel cancer therapeutic agents requires in vivo validations and further investigations of their anticancer mechanisms.
Nutritional Contribution of Eggs to American Diets -- Song and Kerver 19 (Supplement 5): -- Journal of the American College of Nutrition
Nutritional contribution of eggs to American diets.
Song WO, Kerver JM.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2000 Oct;19(5 Suppl):556S-562S.
PMID: 11023007
Conclusions: In this cross-sectional and population-based study, egg consumption made important nutritional contributions to the American diet and was not associated with high serum cholesterol concentrations.
Introduction: Nutritional and Functional Roles of Eggs in the Diet -- Applegate 19 (Supplement 5): -- Journal of the American College of Nutrition
Introduction: nutritional and functional roles of eggs in the diet.
Applegate E.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2000 Oct;19(5 Suppl):495S-498S. Review.
PMID: 11022998
For years, eggs have been held up as a powerhouse of nutrition. This reputation has been due to eggs’ exceptional nutrition profile as a nutrient-dense food containing high quality protein and a substantial amount of many essential vitamins and minerals. Unfortunately their position on the nutrition pedestal fell with the discovery that they are also a source of dietary cholesterol. The most recent scientific research not only returns eggs to their golden past, but elevates their position as a functional food and ultimately provides more reasons than ever to consume eggs.
In February 2000, scientists convened at a conference in Amelia Island, Florida, to discuss the latest research about the role of eggs in disease prevention and the promotion of health. This supplement of the Journal of the American College of Nutrition (JACN) presents compelling scientific evidence about eggs’ functional food attributes, reaffirms that eggs have a minimal effect on blood cholesterol levels and presents new research on the contribution of eggs to the American diet. For health professionals, this issue provides a new scientifically based viewpoint on eggs and their role in health and nutrition, a viewpoint that should be imparted to all consumers in an effort to ensure optimal health and well-being.
Egg breakfast enhances weight loss - Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Oct;32(10):1545-51.
Egg breakfast enhances weight loss.
Vander Wal JS, Gupta A, Khosla P, Dhurandhar NV.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Oct;32(10):1545-51. Epub 2008 Aug 5.
PMID: 18679412
doi: 10.1038/ijo.2008.130
Conclusions
The egg breakfast enhances weight loss, when combined with an energy-deficit diet, but does not induce weight loss in a free-living condition. The inclusion of eggs in a weight management program may offer a nutritious supplement to enhance weight loss.
Association Between Type of Dietary Fish and Seafood Intake and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes - Diabetes Care
Association between type of dietary fish and seafood intake and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: the European prospective investigation of cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort study.
Patel PS, Sharp SJ, Luben RN, Khaw KT, Bingham SA, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG.
Diabetes Care. 2009 Oct;32(10):1857-63. Epub 2009 Jul 10.
PMID: 19592633
doi: 10.2337/dc09-0116
CONCLUSIONS Total, white, and oily fish consumption may be beneficial for reducing risk of diabetes, reinforcing the public health message to consume fish regularly. Greater shellfish intake seems to be associated with an increased risk of diabetes, warranting further investigation into cooking methods and mechanisms.
In summary, we report that specific types of fish intake are differentially associated with the risk of diabetes. Total intake of both white fish and oily fish was associated with a lower risk of diabetes, reinforcing the public health message to consume fish regularly. Shellfish intake was associated with an increased risk of diabetes, which highlights the potential importance of seafood preparation and cooking methods. The increased risk of diabetes with shellfish intake requires further study.
Diet, evolution and aging--the pathophysiologic effects of the post-agricultural inversion of the potassium-to-sodium and base-to-chloride ratios in the human diet - Eur J Nutr. 2001 Oct;40(5):200-13 - SpringerLink - Journal Article
Diet, evolution and aging--the pathophysiologic effects of the post-agricultural inversion of the potassium-to-sodium and base-to-chloride ratios in the human diet.
Frassetto L, Morris RC Jr, Sellmeyer DE, Todd K, Sebastian A.
Eur J Nutr. 2001 Oct;40(5):200-13. Review.
PMID: 11842945
NephroPal: Summer vs Winter mode
"My goal is to gather the basic science and apply it to nutrition - NUTRIGENOMICS. What do I mean? How does what we eat signal our genes in the nucleus. By our food choices, we are sending different signals to our genes. High carbohydrate and high fructose intake signals it is summer time and winter is coming -- grow and store the energy (insulin). High fat, low carbohydrate diet with calorie restriction signals our genes that winter is here -- use the stored energy, repair the genes, and slow down growth (i.e. Sirt1/Foxo pathway). The Sirt1/FoxO1 pathway is important as it aids in repairing DNA. Damaged DNA can lead to uncontrolled cellular replication (i.e. cancers). The immune system (phagocytes) has a mechanism to remove old and unwanted cells called apoptosis (cellular death). "
Study Suggests Coenzyme Q10 Slows Functional Decline in Parkinson's Disease: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
"Results of the first placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial of the compound coenzyme Q10 suggest that it can slow disease progression in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). While the results must be confirmed in a larger study, they provide hope that this compound may ultimately provide a new way of treating PD.
The phase II study, led by Clifford Shults, M.D., of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, looked at a total of 80 PD patients at 10 centers across the country to determine if coenzyme Q10 is safe and if it can slow the rate of functional decline. The study was funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and appears in the October 15, 2002, issue of the Archives of Neurology"
Health benefits of eating fish far outweigh risks from contaminants, report concludes - theheart.org
October 17, 2006 | Steve Stiles
Boston, MA - A review of the literature on the health effects of dietary fish or fish-oil intake has a reassuring message for seafood lovers, anyone eating fish for health reasons, and perhaps most everyone else [1]. Levels of mercury and other contaminants in commercially bought fish are low, and their potential risks are overwhelmed by likely reductions in cardiovascular mortality, according to a report in the October 18, 2006 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
"The main message is really that everybody should be eating one or two servings of fish or seafood per week for their health," Dr Dariush Mozaffarian (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA) told heartwire.
In his analysis, coauthored with Dr Eric B Rimm (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA), regular "modest" intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the two long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) abundant in finfish and shellfish (collectively referred to as "fish" in the article), is associated with a 36% drop in coronary disease mortality (p<0.001) and a 17% fall in total mortality (p=0.046). The n-3 PUFAs, they also conclude, appear to be important to early brain development.
"Potential risks of fish intake must be considered in the context of potential benefits," according to Mozaffarian and Rimm. "Avoidance of modest fish consumption due to confusion regarding risks and benefits could result in thousands of excess CHD deaths annually and suboptimal neurodevelopment in children."
Those potential benefits are immense compared with the highly publicized but apparently low health risks associated with methylmercury, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that have been found in some fish species, they write. The evidence suggests a potential for neurodevelopmental deficits from early exposure to methylmercury, but the risk is likely diminished by limiting intake of fish with high methylmercury concentrations
Vitamin D and cognitive performance in adults: a systematic review. - Eur J Neurol. 2009 Oct;16(10):1083-9. - Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Vitamin D and cognitive performance in adults: a systematic review.
Annweiler C, Allali G, Allain P, Bridenbaugh S, Schott AM, Kressig RW, Beauchet O.
Eur J Neurol. 2009 Oct;16(10):1083-9. Epub 2009 Jul 29.
PMID: 19659751
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02755.x
This systematic review shows that the association between serum 25OHD concentrations and cognitive performance is not yet clearly established. The inconclusive results of the reviewed studies could be due to methodology, types of the cognitive tasks used and/or the cellular mechanisms of vitamin D.
Special Issue: Themed Section: Mediators and Receptors in the Resolution of Inflammation: Guest Editor: AG Stewart - Wiley InterScience :: JOURNALS :: British Journal of Pharmacology
"British Journal of Pharmacology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Volume 158 Issue 4 , Pages 933 - 1172 (October 2009)
Special Issue: Themed Section: Mediators and Receptors in the Resolution of Inflammation: Guest Editor: AG Stewart"
Mediators and receptors in the resolution of inflammation: drug targeting opportunities. - Wiley InterScience :: Article :: HTML Full Text
Mediators and receptors in the resolution of inflammation: drug targeting opportunities.
Stewart AG.
Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(4):933-5.
PMID: 19845683
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00484.x
The active resolution of inflammation is recognized as offering new opportunities to generate novel anti-inflammatory agents. The emerging appreciation of the importance of active resolution in regulation of inflammation also creates an imperative to examine developing and existing agents for their potential to influence these pathways. This themed issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology contains papers that discuss the roles of annexin-1, lipoxins and related lipid products of fish oils as well as other mechanisms involved in active resolution and their receptor targets.
This article is part of a themed issue on Mediators and Receptors in the Resolution of Inflammation. To view this issue visit http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121548564/issueyear?year=2009
JAMA -- Abstract: Omega-3 Augmentation of Sertraline in Treatment of Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial, October 21, 2009, Carney et al. 302 (15): 1651
Omega-3 augmentation of sertraline in treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial.
Carney RM, Freedland KE, Rubin EH, Rich MW, Steinmeyer BC, Harris WS.
JAMA. 2009 Oct 21;302(15):1651-7.
PMID: 19843899
Conclusions Treatment of patients with CHD and major depression with sertraline and omega-3 fatty acids did not result in superior depression outcomes at 10 weeks, compared with sertraline and placebo. Whether higher doses of omega-3 or sertraline, a different ratio of EPA to DHA, longer treatment, or omega-3 monotherapy can improve depression in patients with CHD remains to be determined
Why fish oils help and how they could help even more
"New research from Queen Mary, University of London and Harvard Medical School has revealed precisely why taking fish oils can help with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis."
Low vitamin D tied to heart, stroke deaths: MedlinePlus
"NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Low vitamin D levels in the body may be deadly, according to a new study hinting that adults with lower, versus higher, blood levels of vitamin D may be more likely to die from heart disease or stroke.
Vitamin D is an essential vitamin mostly obtained from direct sunlight exposure, but also found in foods and multivitamins.
Dr. Annamari Kilkkinen, at the National Institute for Health and Welfare in Helsinki, Finland, and colleagues compared blood levels of vitamin D and deaths from heart disease or stroke over time in 2,817 men and 3,402 women in Finland."
Whole Health Source: Butter vs. Margarine Showdown
"came across a gem of a study the other day, courtesy of Dr. John Briffa's blog. It's titled "Margarine Intake and Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease in Men", by Dr. William P. Castelli's group. It followed participants of the Framingham Heart study for 20 years, and recorded heart attack incidence*. Keep in mind that 20 years is an unusually long follow-up period.
"
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