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The title is quite misleading since only the first half of Lehrer's article chronicles the city's stressful effects on the brain, while the second half describes urbanism's benefits, and that that it's a question of designing cities so that nature continues to intervene and refresh/ calm / regenerate the brain.

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Given the myriad mental problems that are exacerbated by city life, from an inability to pay attention to a lack of self-control, the question remains: Why do cities continue to grow? And why, even in the electronic age, do they endure as wellsprings of intellectual life?

Recent research by scientists at the Santa Fe Institute used a set of complex mathematical algorithms to demonstrate that the very same urban features that trigger lapses in attention and memory -- the crowded streets, the crushing density of people -- also correlate with measures of innovation, as strangers interact with one another in unpredictable ways. It is the "concentration of social interactions" that is largely responsible for urban creativity, according to the scientists. The density of 18th-century London may have triggered outbreaks of disease, but it also led to intellectual breakthroughs, just as the density of Cambridge -- one of the densest cities in America -- contributes to its success as a creative center. One corollary of this research is that less dense urban areas, like Phoenix, may, over time, generate less innovation.

The key, then, is to find ways to mitigate the psychological damage of the metropolis while still preserving its unique benefits. Kuo, for instance, describes herself as "not a nature person," but has learned to seek out more natural settings: The woods have become a kind of medicine. As a result, she's better able to cope with the stresses of city life, while still enjoying its many pleasures and benefits. Because there always comes a time, as Lou Reed once sang, when a person wants to say: "I'm sick of the trees/take me to the city."
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Tags: boston_globe, neuroscience, psychology, nature, brain, jonah_lehrer, urbanization, urban_design on 2009-01-08 and saved by 42 people -All Annotations (1) -About

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Intro page from the Royal Society for the Preservation of Birds (RSPB) to a report by a Dr. William Bird (ha!) called "Natural Thinking," available as a PDF download. Bird's report is an "investigating [of] the links between the natural environment, biodiversity and mental health."

This could be a useful reference for urbanist writing, insofar as it underscores the importance of amenities as a necessary complement to density. You don't want to have density while simultaneously "automating" everything (no more walking, driving only, no interaction with nature, etc.). Even small "hot spots" of natural interaction will work, or more walking with actual natural elements at hand.

Tags: health, mental_health, nature, amenities, stress, research, rspb on 2008-08-29 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.rspb.org.uk

File this under "I HEART biomimicry!" Amazing piece about scientists discovering that a lowly Brazilian beetle manufactures --chemically! -- scales that essentially function as a photonic crystal structure for visible light. Now the scientists are not only making molds or copies of the beetles amazing crystal structure embedded in its scales, but are trying to mimic (figure out) the chemical processes by which the beetle creates them in the first place.

(Note: I'm highlighting the entire article to have in my Diigo archive, as I've noticed that some MIT Tech Review articles disappear after a while.)

Tags: biomimicry, nature, science, photonic_crystal_structure, nanotechnology on 2008-06-03 and saved by 2 people -All Annotations (0) -About

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