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While the draft directive

, made available by Friends of the Earth Europe (FoEE), does not specify the precise percentage figures by which each member state will be required to increase its share of renewable energies, the following criteria are put forward:

• By 2014, each member state's share of renewables must be at least the amount it used in 2005 plus 51% of the 2020 target; 


• by 2016, the figure must increase to 66% of the 2020 target; and;


• by 2018, member states should have achieved 83% of their 2020 target (compared to the 2005 level as usual).

• Energy and climate change
  

After the crucial Bali climate conference, which starts next week, the Commission is to make proposals on how to fight climate change in January, with a special focus on emissions trading, carbon capture and storage and renewables, among others. The EU will also have to decide on how to implement its ambitious climate change targets with a view to the international summit in Copenhagen tabled for the end of 2009.

Moreover, common ground on the issue of the final phase of liberalising European energy and gas markets is yet to be found.

Setting binding targets for the use of other kinds of renewable energies in electricity, transport and heating/cooling is contrary to the preferences of some member states, who argue that differing climatic and geographical conditions across the EU mean that some states will be at a disadvantage in terms of meeting the targets. 

Italy, for example, recently sent a letter to EU Energy Commissioner Andris Piebalgs, stating that the country will be unable to produce more than 15% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020.