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June 2008 issue of Peter Suber's newsletter on open access to academic texts ("Open Access," or "OA").
toblog Suber Open Access academia publishing wisdom of crowds crowdsourcing critical thinking
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Add Sticky NoteOpen access and the self-correction of knowledge
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02This might be one of my favourite arguments for OA. Yes, it's close to ESR's description of the "eyeball" principle. But it works especially well for academia.
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Add Sticky NoteJohn Stuart Mill in 1859
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Nice way to tie the argument to something which may thought-provoke scholars in Humanities and Social Sciences.
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Add Sticky NoteNor is it very subtle or complicated
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Agreed. So, why is it so rarely discussed or grokked?
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Add Sticky NoteOA facilitates the testing and validation of knowledge claims
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Neat, clean, simple, straightforward... convincing. Framing it as hypothesis works well, in context.
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Add Sticky Notereliability of inquiry
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Almost lingo-like but resonates well with academic terminology.
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Add Sticky Notescience is self-correcting
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Almost like "talking to scientists' emotions." In an efficient way.
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Add Sticky NoteScience is special because it's self-correcting.
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Don't we all wish this were more widely understood?
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Add Sticky Notescientists eventually correct the errors of other scientists
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02There's an important social concept, here. Related to humility as a function of human interaction.
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Add Sticky Notepersuade their colleagues
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notenew professional consensus
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notebenefit from the perspectives of others
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Tying humility, intellectual honesty, critical thinking, ego-lessness, and even relativist ways of knowing.
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Add Sticky Notefreedom of expression is essential to truth-seeking
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Noteopening discussion as widely as possible
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Perhaps my favourite argument ever for not only OA but for changes in academia generally.
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Add Sticky Notewhen the human mind is capable of receiving it
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Possible tie-in with the social level of cognition. Or the usual "shoulders of giants."
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Add Sticky Notepublic scrutiny
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Emphasis on "public"!
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Add Sticky Noteprotect the freedom of expression
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02The problem I have with the way this concept is applied is that people rely on pre-established institutions for this protection and seem to assume that, if the institution is maintained, so is the protection.
Dangerous!
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Add Sticky NoteIf the only people free to speak their minds are people like the author, or people with a shared belief in current orthodoxy, then we'd rarely hear from people in a position to recognize deficiencies in need of correction.
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02This, I associate with "groupthink" in the "highest spheres" (sphere height being giving through social negotiation of prestige).
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Add Sticky NoteBut we do have to make our claims available to everyone who might care to read and comment on them.
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Can't help but think that *some* of those who oppose or forget this mainly fear the social risks associated with our positions being questioned or invalidated.
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Add Sticky NoteFor the purposes of scientific progress, a society in which access to research is limited, because it's written in Latin, because authors are secretive, or because access requires travel or wealth, is like a society in which freedom of expression is limited.
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notescientists who are free to speak their minds but lack access to the literature have no advantage over scientists without the freedom to speak their minds
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
- 1 more sticky notes...
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notemany-eyeballs theory
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notemany voices from many perspectives
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Noteexactly what scientists must do to inch asymptotically toward certainty
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notedevil's advocate
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Noteenlisting as much help
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notevalidate knowledge claims in public
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky NoteOA works best of all
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02My guess is that those who want to argue against this hypothesis are reacting in a knee-jerk fashion, perhaps based on personal motives. Nothing inherently wrong there, but it remains as a potential bias.
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Add Sticky Notelongevity in a free society
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Interesting way to put it.
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Add Sticky Notedelay
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notethe friction in a non-OA system
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02The academic equivalent of cute.
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Add Sticky NoteFor scientific self-correction, OA is lubricant, not a precondition.
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Catalyst?
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Add Sticky Notemuch of the scientific progress in the 16th and 17th centuries was due to the spread of print itself and the wider access it allowed for new results
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Neat way to frame it.
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Add Sticky NoteLimits on access (like limits on liberty) are not deal-breakers, just friction in the system
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02"See? We're not opposed to you. We just think there's a more efficient way to do things."
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Add Sticky NoteOA can affect knowledge itself, or the process by which knowledge claims become knowledge
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky Notepragmatic arguments
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Pretty convincing ones.
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Add Sticky NoteThe Millian argument for OA is not the "wisdom of crowds"
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Not exclusively, but it does integrate the diversity of viewpoints made obvious through crowdsourcing.
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Add Sticky Notewithout attempting to synthesize them
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02If "wisdom of crowds" really is about synthesis, then it's nothing more than groupthink.
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Add Sticky Notepeer review and the kind of empirical content that underlies what Karl Popper called falsifiability
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02I personally hope that a conversation about these will occur soon. What OA makes possible, in a way, is to avoid the dangers which come from the social dimension of "peerness." This was addressed earlier, and I see a clear connection with "avoiding groupthink." But the assumption that peer-review, in its current form, has reached some ultimate and eternal value as a validation system can be questioned in the context of OA.
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Add Sticky Notewatchdogs
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02underline
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Add Sticky NoteSuch online watchdogs were among those who first identified problems with images and other data in a cloning paper published in Science by Woo Suk Hwang, a South Korean researcher. The research was eventually found to be fraudulent, and the journal retracted the paper....
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Not only is it fun as a "success story" (CHE's journalistic bent), but it may help some people understand that there is satisfaction to be found in fact-checking. In fact, verification can be self-rewarding, in an appropriate context. Seems obvious enough to many academics but it sounds counterintuitive to those who think of academia as waged labour.
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Add Sticky NoteRound-up
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Really impressive. What I tend to call a "linkfest."
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Add Sticky Note** Harvard Law School joined the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences in adopting an OA mandate. Just as in the FAS, the Law School mandate was adopted by a unanimous vote of the faculty.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/harvard-law-school-joins-harvard-fas-in.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note** The Canadian Library Association approved a Position Statement on Open Access for Canadian Libraries. It not only calls for a mandate OA for publicly-funded research, but regards embargo periods as a temporary compromise, justified only to help publishers adapt during a transition period.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/preview-of-cla-statement-on-oa.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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* The Open Humanities Press launched with a portfolio of seven peer-reviewed OA journals.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/looking-forward-to-open-humanities.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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* Gramophone Magazine converted its 85 year backfile to OA.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/gramophone-magazine-provides-oa-to.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Scholars Without Borders created a list of peer-reviewed Open Access Journals published in India and the subcontinent.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-journals-published-in-india.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Science Commons and partners announced Health Commons, an ambitious ecosystem of OA literature and data, the semantic web, intelligent licensing, specimen-sharing services, and economies of scale, all in the service of developing cures. The other partners are CollabRx, CommerceNet, and the Public Library of Science.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/introduction-to-health-commons.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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* Medecins Sans Frontieres launched an OA repository.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-to-msf-field-research.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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* Scientists Without Borders launched an OA database to "coordinate science-based activities that improve quality of life in the developing world."
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-database-to-coordinate-science.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The folks at EPrints revamped ROARMAP, the database of funder and university OA mandates. The front page now has a very useful tally of the worldwide OA mandates in six categories.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-mandate-tallies-at-roarmap.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Microsoft pulled the plug on Academic Search, Book Search, and its book-scanning program. It will fulfill existing contracts (e.g. with the British Library), give digital copies of scanned books to their publishers, donate its book-scanning equipment to its partners, and remove usage restrictions the public-domain books it has already scanned.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/microsoft-phases-out-academic-search.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The venerable French encyclopedia, Larousse, will publish a free online edition, open to vetted user contributions.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/larousse-offers-free-online-access-some.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The Open University of Israel started publishing OA textbooks.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-to-textbooks-from-open-u-of-israel.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Google Books and WorldCat agreed to link their records to one another.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/google-books-and-worldcat-records-link.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic signed the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/czech-academy-signs-berlin-declaration.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Stanford University will provide OA to the papers of Stephen Jay Gould, and add cross-links to his sources.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-to-goulds-papers.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* SURF released a new guide for scholars: How to use copyright wisely within scholarly communication.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/scholar-guide-to-copyright-now-in.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The Research Information Network released a major report on the costs and funding of scholarly communication in the UK.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/more-on-costs-of-scholarly.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The University of California Berkeley's Center for Studies in Higher Education released a new report on faculty views on the future of scholarly communication.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/faculty-views-on-future-of-scholarly.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* The Association of Research Libraries updated its Brown-Bag Discussion Guide Series on Issues in Scholarly Communication, adding new guides on Author Rights and New Model Publications.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/new-arl-scholarly-communication.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Les Carr reported that monthly deposits in UK institutional repositories doubled in the last 18 months.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/uk-repository-deposits-double-in-18.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Two OA activists won Berkman Awards "for their outstanding contributions to the Internet’s impact on society over the past decade": Richard Baraniuk (of Connexions) and Carl Malamud (of Public.Resource.Org).
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/two-oa-activists-win-berkman-awards.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02Toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Sean Kass, a third year Harvard law student, has released a 14 minute video, Open Access to Scholarly Publications. The video is a project in the course, The Web Difference, taught by John Palfrey and David Weinberger.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/video-on-oa.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Siyavula is a large, new open education project in the planning stage by the South African government.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/preview-of-siyavula-open-education.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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Add Sticky Note* Britain will provide temporary OA to its UFO files. After a month of OA, the files will convert to TA.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/2008/05/oa-to-uk-ufo-files-for-limited-time.html-
Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02toblog
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- Suber's newsletters are always on the lengthy side of things but this one seems especially long. I see this as a good sign. - Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02
- For several reasons, I find this issue of Suber's newsletter is particularly stimulating. Part of my personal anthology of literature about Open Access. - Alexandre Enkerli on 2008-06-02
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