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the ways in which a space is designed shape the learning that happens in that space.

Flexibility. A group of learners should be able to move from listening to one speaker (traditional lecture or demonstration) to working in groups (team or project-based activities) to working independently (reading, writing, or accessing print or electronic resources). While specialized places for each kind of activity (the lecture hall, laboratory, and library carrel) can accommodate each kind of work, the flow of activities is often immediate. It makes better sense to construct spaces capable of quick reconfiguration to support different kinds of activity—moveable tables and chairs, for example

FL's approach to control
problems mimics how a person would make decisions, only much
faster.

we find it difficult to consider writing to be a technology as we
commonly assume printing and the computer to be.

social networks are their medium. As the first cohort to grow up fully wired and technologically fluent, today's teens and twentysomethings are flocking to Web sites like Buzz-Oven as a way to establish their social identities.

Although networks are still in their infancy, experts think they're already creating new forms of social behavior that blur the distinctions between online and real-world interactions.

This generation of students uses its computers, mobile devices and smartphones to do everything from bank transactions to getting news to communicating with friends. Millennials view the world much smaller than even five years ago. They're multicultural and more open-minded than their parents and older siblings.

They don't waste time trying to change things,

"They don't waste time trying to change things," Howe says. "Our message for employers is you want to organize them in groups and structure the work and give them constant feedback."

the city-state and political rule are "natural."

Aristotle defends three claims about nature and the city-state:
First, the city-state exists by nature, because it comes to be out of
the more primitive natural associations and it serves as their end,
because only it attains self-sufficiency (1252b30-1253a1). Second,
human beings are by nature political animals, because nature, which
does nothing in vain, has equipped them with speech, which enables them
to communicate moral concepts such as justice which are formative of
the household and city-state (1253a1-18). Third, the city-state is
naturally prior to the individuals, because individuals cannot perform
their natural functions apart from the city-state, since they are not
self-sufficient (1253a18-29). However, these three claims are
immediately followed by a fourth: the city-state is a creation of human
intelligence. "Therefore, everyone naturally has the impulse for such a
[political] community, but the person who first established [it] is the
cause of very great benefits." This great benefactor is evidently the
lawgiver, for the legal system of the city-state makes human beings
just and virtuous and lifts them from the savagery in which they would
otherwise languish (1253a29-39).

How open-source technology serves to improve equity in the classroom. Open-source software, especially when provided under the GNU license, provides classrooms with high-quality productivity tools that can be made available to students for use both at school and at home. Because of the ability to easily adapt or "port" the code, the best open-source software is available for all of the modern computer platforms.

E-learning, here defined as learning and teaching online through network technologies, is arguably one of the most powerful responses to the growing need for education.¹

Case Study: Preparing Future Nurse Educators in an Online Environment

Structuring Group Activities to be Successful in Fully Online Courses

When they are faced with adopting
techniques that seem to curtail their abilities to immediately
interact with students and require the utilization of new technologies,
they are understandably fearful that their instruction and subsequent
evaluations will suffer.

Yet, a well-planned, proactive distance training and support
program will result in distance instructors again feeling confident
and hopeful of the new possibilities for teaching and learning
ahead of them.

The following seven strategies have been drawn from the work of Victor Edmonds of the University of California at Berkeley and Alicia Russell of Northeastern University