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A Review of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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The effect of testosterone on the brain was reported to promote right hemispheric development and delay in left hemispheric maturation.
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Microsoft Outlook Web Access
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Pls indicate who will be recruited as controls to be used for this study, refer to pg 11
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prepare separate consent forms for patients and controls. Amend the consent form sections accordingly
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Pls delete the last para from this section as it is not applicable.
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Pls note that you need to indicate who will conduct the consent process (should be PI for IMH pts)
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Pls indicate under inclusion criteria that there will be 60 subjects who will be recruited from NUS as controls,
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All study participants are identified by unique identification numbers. Personal data (names, IC numbers, addresses and telephone numbers) will be kept in a separate file. Access to research study databases will be restricted and only study staff will be given computer passwords to access study data files with scheduled changes to passwords. All case report forms/data collection forms will be without identifiers and will be kept under lock and key.
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Pls revise the start date (start date and end date) as it should be after the study has obtained ethics ap
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Pl
s i
> -
- Section 6: Pls amend as "There is minimal risk involved in this study including......discomfort...".
- Section 9: Pls indicate if they will be paid only if they complete all the procedures/any of the procedures.
- Section 6: Pls amend as "There is minimal risk involved in this study including......discomfort...".
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s indicate that the informed consent procedure will be conducted PRIOR to any study-specific procedures. The investigator will allow the subject to have sufficient time to contemplate and ask any queries pertaining to the informed consent form. Pls be reminded that pts need time to think/discuss with their relatives before they can decide if they want to participate in a research study.
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Please indicate a latest version date (for eg version dated 24 October 2007 ) for the IRB/DSRB Application Form (section 1, page 1, under Protocol number) and as a footer for Data Collection Form,Questionnaire, protocol, PIS for us to /identify the same in the approval letter. -
Section 13: Please amend "if independent opinion.......you may contact NHG DSRB secretariat at 6471 3266 (pls delete Attn: Dr Sujatha Sridhar as she has left NHG).
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Please put the study title in bold and delete the investigators names. Pls insert pg nos for us to identify the same in the approval letter. Pls remove the identifiers (eg name, IC Date of event, date of admission) which should be kept securely with the PI in a separate file with a code. This code number can be entered in the Data Collection Form in order to protect pts confidentiality.
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Section 13: Please amend "if independent opinion.......you may contact NHG DSRB secretariat at 6471 3266 (pls delete Attn: Dr Sujatha Sridhar as she has left NHG)
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Section 9: Pls indicate if they will be paid only if they complete all the procedures/any of the procedures.
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Section 6: Pls amend as "There is minimal risk involved in this study including......discomfort...".
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Please put the study title in bold and delete the investigators names. Pls insert pg nos for us to identify the same in the approval letter. Pls remove the identifiers (eg name, IC Date of event, date of admission) which should be kept securely with the PI in a separate file with a code. This code number can be entered in the Data Collection Form in order to protect pts confidentiality.
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IRB/DSRB Application Form
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Pls revise the start date (start date and end date) as it should be after the study has obtained ethics approval. T
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Pls let me know if the IMH grant has already been approved (pls tick accordingly)
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The proposal should include details on how the security of the research data will be maintained. For example, the use of password protection on research study databases. All study participants are identified by unique identification numbers. Personal data (names, IC numbers, addresses and telephone numbers) will be kept in a separate file. Access to research study databases will be restricted and only study staff will be given computer passwords to access study data files with scheduled changes to passwords. All case report forms/data collection forms will be without identifiers and will be kept under lock and key.
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Pls indicate that the informed consent procedure will be conducted PRIOR to any study-specific procedures. The investigator will allow the subject to have sufficient time to contemplate and ask any queries pertaining to the informed consent form. Pls be reminded that pts need time to think/discuss with their relatives before they can decide if they want to participate in a research study.
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indicate under inclusion criteria that there will be 60 subjects who will be recruited from NUS as controls
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Pls indicate as Questionnaire.
1Expand
Mental Disorders Are Disorders Of The Brain
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Mental disorders such as anxiety and depressive disorders are disorders of the brain and involve complex patterns of disturbances of cognition (such as perception, attention, memory), affect and emotion (such as depressed mood, panic), somatic functioning (e.g. appetite, heart rate variability) and behaviour.
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Obese are mentally ill, addictions expert says
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you're not just fat, you are mentally ill,
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Recognizing obesity as psychiatric illness would lead to new drugs
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"I'm not referring to just anyone who is overweight," Volkow said in an interview. "It's the extreme cases in which the compulsion is so severe it basically disrupts their life, their professional lives, their health, their social interactions."
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Over time, massive weight gain.
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overeating sugary and fatty foods makes people unable to exert self-control over their food intake.
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chasing the same "high
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"Both food consumption and drug use are driven by their rewarding properties,"
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some forms of obesity should be included in the new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, psychiatry's official "bible" of mental illness
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brain circuits in obese people can become disrupted, producing an uncontrollable, compulsive and "pathologically intense" drive for food
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extreme cases should be classified as a brain disorder
2Expand
Obesity and Eating Disorder Research
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understimulated reward system may be a contributing factor in obesity
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activity of dopamine is decreased in the
brains of obese people
1Expand
LD OnLine :: Learning Disabilities and Young Children: Identification and Intervention
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Careful development of the individual instructional program is especially important due to the increased recognition that the pre-kindergarten years are a critical period during which intervention efforts are most effective (see Guralnick, 1997)
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New encounters with Les Demoiselles d'Avignon: gender, race, and the origins of cubism Art Bulletin, The - Find Articles
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the conventional identity of the body of a woman with the body of the paper or canvas--that space pliantly available to the probing of the painter's phallic pen or brush
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At the same time, the women peel apart a curtain behind them, opening a space in the pinkish brown field that might be said to function abstractly as a displaced vagina or transposed female sexual space
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In Two Nudes of that year, the figures face one another, replicate one another, so that almost the entirety of a nude female form is made available to the gaze. The figures' groins are discreetly angled out of view, however, and as with most of Picasso's painted female nudes up to this point, their legs are close together, sealing off their crotches.
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Translated version of http://www.faisceau.com/pica_oe_dem1.htm
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The figures were made up of flat surfaces and rounded sides rather than rounded sides of volumes in a compressed space.
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two dynamic diagonal lines, the first of the elbow in the air of women in the middle to the lower left corner and the main high of women left to the opposite corner on the right.
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On peut remarquer l’influence de l’art préchrétien ibérique et l’art africain sur l’œuvre de Picasso. We can notice the influence of the art pre Iberian and African art in the works of Picasso. En regardant de plus prés les visages des femmes dans la partie droite de l’œuvre on remarque la ressemblance avec les masques Mbuya des Pende de Zaïre, exposés au Musée royale de l’Afrique centrale. When looking more meadows faces of women in the right part of the work we can see the resemblance with the masks of Mbuya Pende Zaire, exposed to the Royal Museum of Central Africa. Les visages féminins supportent cette stylisation primitive, dévorés par ces grands yeux, surmontés par de parfaits sour The faces female bear this stylization primitive, devoured by these big eyes, overcome by sour perfect
cils prolongés par des nez énormes, ce style fut le choque pour les cercles traditionnels. Eyelashes extended by enormous nose, this style was shocked to traditional circles. -
rounded contours give way to the pointy, angular shapes and their appearance in the work insult all the traditional conventions of beauty, the figure of the middle and to his left, keep watch with eyes open and the two women confront right through the eyes of one observer with masks threatening.
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separating the outline of the figures.
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Cezanne had the revolutionary idea of separating the elements of an array by intervals of lines of color by filling in the blanks between objects by color, and this has the effect of limiting the depths.
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Dès les premiers essais, se superpose à ce caractère ibérique des personnages de l’influence de Cézanne. From the first test, is superimposed on the Iberian nature of the characters of the influence of Cezanne.
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never tried to reproduce the truth, but give expressions.
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Pablo Picasso
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Picasso's original concept for the painting was based on Cézanne's
pictures "Bathers," but he eventually decided on a more
contemporary, aggressive portrayal of prostitutes in a brothel.
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Presentation
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Cubism was an art form created through a modernized approach to expression of the mind's interpretation of the natural world
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An example of this is Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, referring specifically to the two figures along the right side of the canvas and seated in the lower right hand corner, which are depicted wearing African masks. The seated figure is positioned with her back to the viewer, but her head is completely turned around to face the viewer head on, reminiscent of the rest of the figures heads, but from another observation it is obvious that the noses of the figures have been rendered in profile.
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Cubism did not adhere to this idea; it created a new translation of an image on a canvas, instead of building on what had been created in the past and was now old.
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masks as an attempt to conceal their identity
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erotic poses with their arms recognizable positioned above their heads in order to show off their feminine, but grotesquely distorted female anatomy
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Les Demoiselles left an impact because of the tone which is suggested
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shockingly rejecting any and all established criteria from pre-existing art and therefore has been noted as the twentieth century's most significant painting
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filth and disease through his Cubist representation of these prostitutes
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The expressions on the five young women's faces sadly lack emotion, as a result of their harsh lifestyle.
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un-ideal subject matter
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deformed style
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Picasso & Women: Les Demoiselles D'Avignon: Picasso's influences in the creation of a masterwork
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more fromblogs.princeton.edu
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Picasso over highlighted the cutting up of the shapes with brightly colored lines that remind tribal scars on the faces of some African tribesmen
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extension of certain colors and shades belonging to one area and letting them spill into the neighboring area, ignoring the points where the lines mee
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two figures on the right with the primitive masks are framed by blue drapes which indicate a sense of melancholia and signify the socially marginalized. In addition, this blue is also found in Matisse’s Blue Nude. The use of bright color helped create the idea of flatness, something found in some of Gauguin’s paintings, limiting the illusion of depth
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contrast between the use of red and blue
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Imitating Cezanne and Van Gogh, Picasso gets rid of black. The open contours are drawn in dark blue-green whereas the shadows indicating the sky are painted in blue. This use of blue is a sign of reflected light that Cezanne made frequent use of
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figures become crude, dissonant, ugly, ambivalent and the notion of innocence is lost.
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he kept making a transition from his Blue period through the style of Cezanne’s Bathers to his own crude mode.
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He begun to cut up his figures into geometric shapes, cones, spheres, cylinders and in clearly defined planes just like Cezanne used to do.
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Egyptian symmetry, ancient Greek sculpture, the Virgins of Catalan art, Cezanne’s geometric planes and the rough expressionism of Negro statuettes
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on the left, the flattening of the woman’s torso reminds Egyptian art; the noses of the two central figures are seen in profile whereas the rest of the facial characteristics are face on, something which reminds Iberian art and finally, the features of the woman in the right are reminiscent of masks of the Negro art.
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introduces some new aspects of his artistic influences, particularly of Iberian and Negro sculpture such as the extreme angularity in the forms and a savage brutality in the deformation of his female figures.
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New encounters with Les Demoiselles d'Avignon: gender,
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the painting is now more loosely considered a curtain raiser or trigger to Cubism
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Picasso violated pictorial convention in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon: by his deidealization of the human form, his disuse of illusionistic space, and his deployment of a mixture of visual idioms
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Picasso's picture has been held to mark or even to have precipitated the demise of the old visual order and the advent of the new
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a compressed or otherwise compromised female form, often that of a prostitute or femme fatale, would come to serve almost as an avatar of modernism
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Masterpiece or Monstrosity?: Controversies about Modern Art
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Demoiselles changed the way Picasso and others viewed painting
and led to great achievements in twentieth century art. Demoiselles
offers no evidence of Picasso prodigious skill and created the opportunity
and provoked the free interchange of ideas. In provoking Cubism Picasso
became a leader and a revolutionist who would change the way Art was created
and viewed. -
One style that Picasso explored and used in Demoiselles, was "primitivism."
In early 1906, Picasso saw an exhibition of Osuna sculpture. -
The two women in the middle are perhaps the most classically painted
figures, but are still broken down and simplified into shapes. They are
similar in stance to Cézanne and Henri Matisse figures in paintings such
as Cézanne's Five Bathers and Matisse's Le Bonheur de vivre.
The two women on the right are further abstracted. Their bodies are contorted
and not easily recognized as human forms. -
It was the starting point of Cubism, in so far as it prompted Braque
to begin painting at the end of the year his own far more formal answer
to Les Demoiselles d'Avignon -
By incorporating
African art directly into a Western painting "Picasso purposely challenged
and mocked Western artistic traditions with his allusions to black Africa,
with its unavoidable associations of white cruelty and exploitation." -
This search led Picasso
to incorporate several different styles
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Bohème Magazine Online - An Eye on Art - V
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influenced by the works of several other artists, such as Gauguin, Cézanne and Ingres, and by Iberic art, but we know today that Picasso was also strongly influenced by André Derain's Baigneuses and Henri Matisse's Nu Bleu, Souvenir de Biskra.
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colours offer a contrast between the cold, icy blues and the warm brown tones.
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Inspired by Primitive statues and sculptures, Picasso turned their faces into masks, using the shape of Iberic heads and adding other elements to create his own Primitivist vocabuly: the shape of the eyes (large and sometimes empty), the eyebrows, the large ears... Picasso did not simply want to imitate Primitive art, but wanted to go further by creating something modern and more personal.
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By returning to Primitivism, Picasso shows his refusal to follow society's rules.
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From 1901 to 1904, he stayed close to a traditional style during the "Blue Period" as well as during the "Pink Period," from 1905 to 1907.
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Yet, the whole painting gives an impression of general discomfort, because it breaks all the traditional rules of Art and also because it shows a disturbing scene that offers no sensuous interpretation; the Demoiselles are not pretty, they look barely human and some even interpret their distorted faces as the signs of illness.
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Les Demoiselles d’Avignon « A Brush With Art
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He rebelled against the whole notion of feminine beauty, and in this work he set out to destroy the whole canon of Western art since the early Renaissance
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warmly monochrome bodies of the central figures are very much reminiscent of his Rose Period; Picasso here has skilfully reduced contrasts of colour and texture to a minimum in order that they do not compete with the overall design
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The figures, for the most part, are buff with their anatomy indicated by serrated white or black contours; one takes on the cinnamon tone of the background at the left, whilst another in the upper right is enclosed by a harsh blue, as if surrounded by a sudden glimpse of sky.
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The artist has now reached a point where he has created a compression of space, reminiscent of Post-Impressionist painting, which is carried to the extreme creating a surface alive with a series of livid angular lines, curves, and disjointed planes, revealing the vital sense of formal energy that he valued so highly in primitive art
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figures are composed in flat, splintered planes rather than solid rounded volumes, the eyes are either lopsided and staring or asymmetrical, and the heads of two women at the right are threatening masks. The space, which, in effect, should recede, comes forward in serrated shards, resembling broken glas
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Picasso took the notions of spatial depth, and the ideal form of the female nude, and restructured them into unsympathetic, sharp planes; planes which whilst not flat are given a degree of shading to make a pretence of giving them a certain three dimensionality.
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the three on the left are presented as geometric, angular distortions of Classical figures, whilst the violently displaced features of the other bodies are portrayed with all of the barbaric qualities of primitive art
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The wild treatment of the body and the discords of colour and style positions Les Demoiselles d’Avignon as making a radical break from traditional composition and perspective.
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he later referred to this work as his “first exorcism painting.” Picasso had specific dangers in mind, as, at the time, life-threatening sexual diseases were a source of considerable anxiety in Paris.
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Les Demoiselles d’Avignon: Redefining Space, Form and Beauty - Political Manifesto
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the nudes that frame the composition already express the decisive change of direction in Picasso’s art that stimulated the modern artistic current of Cubism
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with this painting he wanted to demolish the whole of Western art since the early Renaissance. By going back to Primitivism, Picasso illustrates his refusal to follow society’s rules
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The intense, severe coloring of Les Demoiselles d’Avignon is a departure from the agreeable roses, blues, and greens of the impressionists.
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There are no exact divisions of light and darkness that might lend shape to the women’s bodies, and together with the combination of several angles, this adds to a general impression of disorientation in space
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The three on the left are angular deformations of Classical figures, while the brutally dislocated features and bodies of the other two have all the barbaric qualities of primitive art.
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Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, with its vicious, fantastical, fragmented representation of prostitutes on display, is a leading example of the modernist imperative to destroy ordinary expectations of beauty and conventional styles of perception, and to compel confrontation with experience beyond the limits of social acceptability.
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hree dimensionality.
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Shattered were spatial depth and the ideal form of the female nude, which Picasso modernized into harsh, angular planes
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The woman standing on the left is holding the curtain open, forcing us to watch the scene. The sense of revelation is strongly implied but in contrast to Renaissance paintings with revelatory themes such as Raphael’s Sistine Madonna, Picasso’s is definitely not revealing the divine and pure but rather the temporal and decadent.
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Pablo Picasso: "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon," an interpretation, by Tony Grillo
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addition of an arrangement of fruit
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forms are reminiscent of broken crockery, shards of pottery.
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nod of
acknowledgment to his predecessor, Cezanne -
colors employed are that of baked clay with some
blue and gray to indicate outlines. -
ut it is the jaded bestiality of man to man, man to woman, as sex-object, the general
brutality of the times in which he lived, steeped in violence, that is most vividly represented
here -
we come to the "association" of the number five as suggesting the five
senses -
it is the
drawing of the human figure in a new way, attenuating, foreshortening, twisting front, back and
side views, in the manner that later became known as "cubism," whose underpinnings can be
traced to the tectonic qualities that are present in the African tradition of tribal mask making
"without having followed a specific African model, transposing sculptural stylizations into flat
fields." -
the five figures in the painting are NOT
representations of women; at best, they are "caricatures" of women, at worse, they're drag
queens.
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Pablo's punks | Arts critics | Guardian Unlimited Arts
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more fromarts.guardian.co.uk
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It anticipates the end of painting, gladly contemplates the cultural destructions
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Modernism in the arts meant exactly this victory of form over content
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he wanted to show that originality in art does not lie in narrative, or morality, but in formal invention
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disguise you, turn you into something else - an animal, a demon, a god. Modernism is an art that wears a mask.
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African masks
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this is a painting about looking. Picasso looks back at you in the central figure, whose bold gaze out of huge asymmetrical eyes has the authority of a self-portrait.
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This is a painting of nudes in which there is scarcely a curve to be seen - elbows sharp as knives, hips and waists geometrical silhouettes, triangle breasts.
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Five pink women are entangled in silver and blue draperies. Two of them stand with arms raised to flaunt their breasts, staring at you out of huge black eyes
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Les Demoiselles d'Avignon is the rift, the break that divides past and future.
38Expand
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
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more fromwww.geocities.com
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nly the
> -
nly the
proportions, but the organic integrity and continuity of the human body are denied here,
so that the canvas “resembles a field of broken glass. -
the
proportions -
proportions
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wanted to destroy the whole of Western art since the early Renaissance.
-
the nudes
that frame the composition already demonstrate the decisive change of direction in Picasso's art
that was to be of such seminal importance to Cubism. -
not to compete with the
design -
minimum
-
Contrasts
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middle figures' warmly monochrome bodies are reminiscent of Picasso;s Rose Period
-
largely buff,
their anatomy indicated by jagged white or black contours, but one takes on the cinnamon
tone of the background at the left -
Negro sculpture
-
corner figures with their large, firmly contoured
planes herald an entirely new approach. -
outlines of landscapes and bodies can
be broken up and that the hidden, intuitive facets of perspective objects can be shown. -
Cezanne's
-
surrounds
the figure at the upper right -
harsh blue
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soft tans and olive tones, remarkably cool and serene.
-
Impressionist painting is now
extreme and the surface alive with a heated exchange of angular lines, curves, and
disjointed planes. -
The motif of five female nudes grouped around a still life, remains indebted to classical
convention -
part from traditional anatomical human physical
structure -
ancient Iberian sculpture
-
no distinctions of light
and darkness -
large figures are angular
-
Each individual figure is united by a general geometrical principle which superimposes its
own laws on to the natural proportions, and they merge almost completely with the
background, which is full of similar rugged cleavages -
three dimensional
-
flat,
-
harsh, angular
planes -
Destroyed were spatial
depth and the ideal form of the female nude -
intensity of the partially decomposed figures contrasts strangely with a serene little
still life in the foreground -
The figures and the background seem to form a relief that for goes all pursuit of spatial
depth and retains the close relationship to the pictorial surface -
The definite solid outlining, sometimes with tonal contrast, is both thick and heavy, created
the flat space. Only lines suggest forms, not by tonal effect. Picasso is not interested in
describing tone, depth, or form. -
general impression of
disorientation in space. -
igurative composition of five nudes grouped around a still life in
the foreground. -
shaded in
-
verthrowing perspective, single viewpoint,
integral form, local colour, decorative colour -
forms are dislocated, inconsistent in style, in fact
unfinished -
three on the left are angular distortions of Classical figures, while
the violently dislocated features and bodies of the other two have all the barbaric qualities
of primitive art
6Expand
Culture Shock: Flashpoints: Visual Arts: Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
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fifth woman with a primitive mask, holding back the crimson curtain to reveal her "sisters."
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includes two men -- a patron surrounded by the women, and a medical student holding a skull, perhaps symbolizing that "the wages of sin are death."
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original
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rejects popular current movements in painting by choosing line drawing rather than the color- and light-defined forms of Impressionism and the Fauves.
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turns his back on middle-class society and the traditional values of the time, opting for the sexual freedom depicted in a brothel
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He creates more than 100 sketches and preliminary paintings, wrestling with the problem of depicting three-dimensional space in a two-dimensional picture plane
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