Bertrand Duperrin's Library tagged → View Popular, Search in Google
"The new year is here and businesses everywhere are in the process of developing, refining or finalizing their strategies for 2012. That said, how many organizations are taking a close, in-depth look at their culture as a basis for driving strategy?"
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honest portrayal of how the fabric of human relationships (and the differences, nuances thereof) = culture.
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"La taille d’une organisation influe sur les modes de prise de décision, de transfert d’information ou de coopération, ce qui fait que les « bonnes recettes » à 10 personnes ne fonctionnent pas forcément à 100 ou encore moins à 1000. Plus précisément, un grand nombre de problèmes apparaissent lorsque la taille augmente, et l’efficacité n’est pas proportionnelle à la force de travail disponible. Cette constatation n’est pas sans rappeler ce qu’on observe dans les systèmes parallèles (cf. la loi d’Admdhal) qui montre que la puissance que l’on obtient en multipliant les processeurs est compensée par la tâche croissante de synchronisation. Ce n’est pas une surprise : les petites structures souffrent moins des problèmes de coordination et de synchronisation !"
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La tentation d’éviter les tares des grandes organisations opérationnelles en les découpant en plus petites est pertinente si le coefficient est faible, et pas forcément efficace dans le cas contraire. Ce qui nous ramène à la thèse initiale : la bonne organisation dépend du contexte et de la taille.
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Je pense que la taille de 150 est un seuil critique dans la gestion des organisations, et ceci est conforté par 20 ans de discussions avec des managers opérationnels.
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"It has become accepted wisdom that weak ties — your acquaintances, distant colleagues — can provide more novel information than close ties. But new research by Marshall Van Alstyne, associate professor at Boston University and a visiting professor at MIT, suggests that in some cases strong ties are better."
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“You can think of knowledge markets as crowdsourcing, but our particular twist on it is the economic optimization of crowdsourcing, applying economic theory to these social science properties,” he says. “How can we get better answers, get higher rates of contribution? How can we do better resource allocation? Can we value the information shared? Can we cause economic growth inside an information economy? Those are our areas.”
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Van Alstyne explains how some of his new research challenges the existing theory about the value of strong ties versus weak ties, and why we should beware of “interrupt-driven communication.”
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Most writing (and oral presentations) on networked business today is about social networks – the interconnections and relationships between individuals within an organization and its various external constituents (e.g. suppliers, partners, customers). We read and hear much about ‘loose ties’ – weak relationships that form (and often dissolve) rapidly around a specific opportunity or problem. Many of us now understand the value of crowdsourcing – the act of reaching out to a large, usually meshed network to solicit members’ ideas that may help us solve a problem or address an opportunity.
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Lost in this plethora of loose-tie thinking is the possibility of innovating within a smaller network, in which the strength of the ties between nodes is relatively strong. In the first chapter of the book Business Network Transformation, Geoffrey Moore and Philip Lay call these ‘coordinated networks’,
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In a star topology, one firm coordinates the activities of the others in the network, with those activities occurring in parallel or another non-sequential, seemingly random pattern of orchestration. Walmart and Apple are familiar examples of this model, in which the coordinator also wins the largest percentage of the value created.
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"The concept of waste has lately been transferred from manufacturing to other practices such as product development. According to lean principles, when a development project is started, the goal is to complete it as rapidly as possible. In a sense, ongoing development projects are just like inventory sitting around in a factory. Design and prototypes are only valuable when (paying) customers are involved."
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People are used to lean thinking when it comes to technology and processes but it is still very rare to look at taking waste out of communication. Many managers still trivialize the power of conversation. They think that social interaction issues are soft compared to the hard issues of technology and process.
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We still don’t understand that work is communication: we live and work in a network of conversations. Being lean means understanding that conversations are never neutral. They always affect the quality and pace of the outcome. Communication either accelerates or slows down. Communication either creates value or creates waste. Communication can create energy and inspiration or take energy away and reduce inspiration.
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"With not a little pride, Procter & Gamble CEO Bob McDonald and Filippo Passerini, his CIO, told Fortune Brainstorm conference attendees that digital investment had successfully transformed their company's transparency and agility. New networks and innovative analytics gave top management greater visibility into Procter's people, processes, and anticipated profits. These technologies were making the world's biggest consumer products firm quicker, nimbler, and more responsive."
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The more just-in-time information top management could access, the more actively inclined they were to "help" their subordinates.
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"We have fewer top managers now," he said. P&G's CEO reduced his company's network-enabled propensity to meddle by cutting the number of top executives who could meddle
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"Almost all companies organize people in a hierarchy, and then run well known managerial processes (planning, budgeting, staffing, measuring, etc) with it. We have all seen so many hierarchical org charts — sprawling boxes of letters and arrows arranged in inverted pyramids — and have been through so many budget, planning, and problem solving meetings, that we take all of this as a given, as if it had existed forever. In fact, it hasn't. "
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The hierarchical organization that we see today was invented in the last century, and it is an incredible invention. It can direct and coordinate the actions of thousands of people making and selling thousands of products or services across thousands of miles, and do so effectively, efficiently, and profitably, week after week after week
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But 20th-century, capital "H" Hierarchy (a sort of hardware) and the managerial processes that run on it (a sort of software) do not handle transformation well. And in a world with an ever-increasing rate of change, it is impossible to thrive without timely transformations.
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"Companies often achieve great success with a value network business model, or internal collaborative value networks, only to have that advantage erode over time. Why is that? In our experience, an organization that has not truly mastered Value Network Analysis as a basic competency finds it increasingly difficult to hold the line against the more familiar and traditional bureaucratic models of organization"
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Level 1. Initial Stage
It is characteristic of value networks at this stage that they are mostly undocumented and in a state of dynamic change. - 4 more annotation(s)...
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"This morning I am presenting to the Council of Chief Privacy Officers in Montreal. My subject is social media in the enterprise and particularly why they are good for business. The presentation includes examples and links to social media policies."
"Trust makes networks work. When trust is high among members of a network, there’s a wonderful cohesiveness and capacity to get work done. When trust is low and relationships are plagued by suspicion, networks collapse into brittle organizational structures that rarely offset their operational costs in real world outcomes."
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People who trust each other more easily forgive each other for the bumps that inevitably arise from working together. That’s network resilience
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When people trust each other, it’s easier to respond to change in a smart, coordinated way. That’s network flexibility.
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"At least some of the common misunderstandings and friction is a result of language we use. Different backgrounds and experiences lead to a situation where mutual comprehension is not easy. Other challenges are – no news here – results of silo-liked work environments, communication and collaboration gaps, and also some kind of idea “inbreeding”.
All these factors complicate the work of management, business operations, and strategy work. More precisely, complicating the way management is use to manage and lead."
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Both understanding and trust are created in the interactions, in the value-creating relationships, between individuals within companies and also over the organizational borders. This is a must for value creation.
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An organization that, instead of “land border discussions”, invests in “landscape design”, where each part is creatively fitted into the environment, sometimes with some trial and error. This kind of organization can be more innovative and produce more value for the customer.
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"Nicolas Moinet, Directeur du Master Intelligence Economique et Communication Stratégique de l’ICOMTEC, présente dans un article du Monde sa vision du management "à la française", et revient sur le bouleversement introduit par les technologies de l'information et de la communication dans la gestion des entreprises.
"Le management "à la française" est encore trop marqué par sa vision taylorienne du travail et il doit accepter les grandes ruptures induites par les technologies de l'information et de la communication."
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la globalisation devant nous conduire à cesser de penser en binaire dès lors qu'elle nous fait entrer dans une économie de la relation (les liens permanents et fluctuants d'une pensée complexe) ;
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les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication (ntic) faisant éclater les unités de temps, de territoire, de fonction, de direction qui avaient structuré notre histoire et elles en redessinent la signification ;
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"Culture is critical to any organization’s effectiveness. But more often that we’d like to admit, top management’s conception of culture is rarely aligned with the true underlying subcultures reigning in the organization. Sometimes, groups within the same unit can unconsciously do their best to negate their peers’ hard work. But how do we identify such misalignments?"
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But what it essentially states is: Informal networks are a more realistic representation of how the work gets done. So modeling these networks can help diagnose collaboration’s shortcomings and culture misalignments.
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So the aim would be increasing collaboration at points that would create value and decreasing connectivity where it causes more harm than good -> appropriate connectivity, focused collaboration.
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"Transforming business to a networked environment is mostly about changing business culture to become more social and connected but it doesn't mean that specific tools aren't needed to support that transformation. Two things come together to create great change, technology and culture. The social web is a driving force that is empowering people to change business culture and forcing people back to the center of activity in the enterprise."
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To create a next generation enterprise, businesses need to take two concepts from the social web and apply them across all business functions, community / network and content / social media.
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. With process at the center of the design people-based collaboration was not possible in the system, instead the focus was on file-centric activities. Process, file-centricity, workflow driven systems are too rigid and are not focused on the activities that a networked business in the information era needs to carry out business in a flexible and ad hoc global hyper-connected ecosystem.
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"Is your organization a process (several operational steps to get things done) or a network (smart knowledge workers connecting to get things done)? Or is it both?"
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So, the organization is put together as discrete, operational steps moving packets of information (the gray boxes) forward.
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Most employees see the organization in a different way. They see the organization as a network of people that have certain information or knowledge helping them get things done. Employees find the operational steps OK for very operational tasks, like time registration, but not for their core (knowledge) tasks.
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"The traditional methods for driving operational excellence in global organizations are not enough. The most effective organizations make smart use of employee networks to reduce costs, improve efficiency and spur innovation. "
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CIOs often try to address these challenges by relying on the same managerial tools they use to pursue operational excellence: establishing well-defined roles, best practice processes and formal accountability structures.
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The key to delivering both operational excellence and innovation is having networks of informal collaboration. Within IT organizations in large global companies, we have seen that innovative solutions often emerge unexpectedly through informal and unplanned interactions between individuals who see problems from different perspectives.
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"The Internet is ultimately about sharing knowledge, making connections and collaborating to put knowledge to work. This makes it the platform for much of what your organization will do in coming years. But the Internet is the exception to the rule as networks go. Most networks are smaller, with limited size and, usually, a specific purpose. Every organization today is itself a network that is made up of many smaller networks. This means that, without a doubt, you need to understand networks. "
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And you need to learn to think of your organization as a network, your people as participants in networks and your work processes as themselves as networks.
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This form of model shows the unique combination that your organization creates by connecting human and relationship capital through structural capital.
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"Otherwise, bear with me here. I want to re-consider a really important assumption about one way that flatter organizations with internal network structures are better. (I’m thinking about the organizations advocated by folks bringing social media inside organizations, mostly proponents of Enterprise 2.0 and social business.)
Flatter, more networked organizational structures do not significantly reduce power inequalities among employees or across domains within a firm."
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Studies show that organizations that are flatter because they have a network structure encapsulated or embedded inside them still, in the big picture, feel and act like hierarchies (Dean, 2007).
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Our assumptions are wrong. It doesn’t work that way. Power is rarely redistributed in any kind of egalitarian fashon. A little power might go to the levels below the ones eliminated, but the important power stays up above.
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"Business Partner Optimization is a re-thinking of the external non-customer relationships that your organization requires to get business done."
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