ken meece's Bookmarks tagged Philosophy → View Popular

You are here: Diigo Home > ken meece's Bookmarks

Expand All 1 - 18 of 18

An Essay by Einstein -- The World As I See It

Tags: science, spirituality, philosophy on 2008-07-21 and saved by17 people -All Annotations (0) -About

Spinoza's Theological Project

Indeed, in the Theological-Political Treatise, Spinoza advocates using natural knowledge to “correct” scripture, in a certain sense, in order to discern the real word of God. So what cannot be naturalized turns out to be not scriptural, properly speaking.

Tags: philosophy on 2008-07-02 -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Academic, Doubt - Spirituality

Shrugging Off Ayn Rand

Tags: philosophy on 2008-07-02 -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Academic

Teilhard de Chardin's Evolutionary Philosophy

Tags: Teilhard, faith, science, philosophy on 2008-04-14 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.kheper.net

BBC/OU Open2.net - Philosophy & Ethics

Philosophy and Ethics Explore those who are the guides to our understanding of the world - what leads philosophers to make leaps of faith? What is faith, and how does it shape our world? When ethical decisions are needed, who sets the standards?

Tags: Philosophy, Ethics, faith on 2008-04-09 -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Doubt - Spirituality

more fromwww.open2.net

philosophy bites

podcasts of top philosophers interviewed on bite-sized topics...

Tags: philosophy on 2008-03-30 and saved by3 people -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Academic

more fromnigelwarburton.typepad.com

THE PHILOSOPHICAL LEXICON

Tags: philosophy on 2008-03-25 and saved by5 people -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.blackwellpublishing.com

Philosophical humor

Tags: humor, philosophy on 2008-03-25 and saved by4 people -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromconsc.net

2Expand

Ludwig Wittgenstein (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

It is the later Wittgenstein, mostly recognized in the Philosophical Investigations, who took the more revolutionary step in critiquing all of traditional philosophy including its climax in his own early work. The nature of his new philosophy is heralded as anti-systematic through and through, yet still conducive to genuine philosophical understanding of traditional problems.

Tags: encyclopedia, philosophy, stanford, wittgenstein on 2008-03-02 -All Annotations (2) -About

more fromwww.science.uva.nl

9Expand

Kant's "What Is Enlightenment"

Tags: enlightenment, kant, philosophy on 2008-02-24 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.english.upenn.edu

It is
so easy to be immature. If I have a book to serve as my understanding, a
pastor to serve as my conscience, a physician to determine my diet for me,
and so on, I need not exert myself at all. I need not think, if only I
can pay: others will readily undertake the irksome work for me.
Rules
and formulas, those mechanical aids to the rational use, or rather
misuse, of his natural gifts, are the shackles of a permanent
immaturity.
a rational appreciation for both
their own worth and for each person's calling to think for himself.
Nothing is required for this enlightenment, however, except freedom;
and the freedom in question is the least harmful of all, namely, the
freedom to use reason publicly in all matters.
Nothing is required for this enlightenment, however, except freedom;
and the freedom in question is the least harmful of all, namely, the
freedom to use reason publicly in all matters.
Likewise a pastor is bound to instruct his
catecumens and congregation in accordance with the symbol of the church he
serves, for he was appointed on that condition. But as a scholar he has
complete freedom, indeed even the calling, to impart to the public all of
his carefully considered and well-intentioned thoughts concerning mistaken
aspects of that symbol, as well as his suggestions for the better
arrangement of religious and church matters. Nothing in this can weigh on
his conscience.
Thus
an appointed teacher's use of his reason for the sake of his congregation
is merely private, because, however large the congregation is, this use is
always only domestic; in this regard, as a priest, he is not free and
cannot be such because he is acting under instructions from someone else.
By contrast, the cleric--as a scholar who speaks through his writings to
the public as such, i.e., the world--enjoys in this public use of reason
an unrestricted freedom to use his own rational capacities and to speak
his own mind. For that the (spiritual) guardians of a people should
themselves be immature is an absurdity that would insure the perpetuation
of absurdities.
If it is now asked, "Do we presently live in an enlightened age?" the
answer is, "No, but we do live in an age of enlightenment." As matters
now stand, a great deal is still lacking in order for men as a whole to
be, or even to put themselves into a position to be able without external
guidance to apply understanding confidently to religious issues. But we
do have clear indications that the way is now being opened for men to
proceed freely in this direction and that the obstacles to general
enlightenment--to their release from their self-imposed immaturity--are
gradually diminishing. In this regard, this age is the age of
enlightenment
Thus, once nature has removed the hard shell from this kernel for which
she has most fondly cared, namely, the inclination to and vocation for
free thinking, the kernel gradually reacts on a people's mentality
(whereby they become increasingly able to act freely), and it finally even
influences the principles of government, which finds that it can profit by
treating men, who are now more than machines, in accord with their
dignity.

The Validity of Belief in a Personal God

Tags: God, personal, philosophy on 2008-02-24 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.ditext.com

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Table of Contents

The Metaphysics Research Lab Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305

Tags: encyclopedia, philosophy on 2008-02-24 and saved by2 people -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.science.uva.nl

1Expand

Liberalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

The Metaphysics of Liberalism

Tags: liberalism, philosophy on 2008-02-24 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwww.science.uva.nl

Squashed Philosophers- Condensed Plato Aristotle Augustine Descartes Hume Marx Freud Copernicus Hobbes Sartre Ayer Sade Wittgenstein Einstein

Tags: history, philosophy on 2008-02-24 and saved by86 people -All Annotations (4) -About

more fromwww.btinternet.com

What We Don't Know - The five biggest mysteries

The five biggest mysteries may be related: 1) The mystery of awareness 2) Is there life after death? 3) Does God exist? 4) Why does something exist instead of nothing? 5) Why are we here (and not somewhere else)?

Tags: mysteries, philosophy on 2008-02-24 -All Annotations (0) -About

more fromwhatwedontknow.livejournal.com

4Expand

UC Davis: The Skeptical Crisis in European Philosophy

Around all matters of religion and theology also, there rages violent controversy. For while the majority declare that gods exist, some deny their existence. . . . And of those who maintain the existence of gods, some believe in the ancestral gods, others in such as are constructed in the Dogmatic systems--as Aristotle asserted that God is incorporeal and "the limit of heaven," the Stoics that he is a breath which permeates even things most foul, Epicurus that he is anthropomorphic, Xenophanes that he is an impassive sphere." (Outlines of Pyrrhonism, Book III, 218

Tags: philosophy, skeptical on 2008-01-30 -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Doubt - Spirituality

more fromwww-philosophy.ucdavis.edu

Around all matters of religion and theology also, there rages violent controversy. For while the majority declare that gods exist, some deny their existence. . . . And of those who maintain the existence of gods, some believe in the ancestral gods, others in such as are constructed in the Dogmatic systems--as Aristotle asserted that God is incorporeal and "the limit of heaven," the Stoics that he is a breath which permeates even things most foul, Epicurus that he is anthropomorphic, Xenophanes that he is an impassive sphere." (Outlines of Pyrrhonism, Book III, 218
Tradition was scorned by Luther, in favor of direct reading of scripture, which, after all, is the word of God. But as defenders of the Catholic Church pointed out, there are many ways of interpreting the text of the holy books, and without the authority of the Church to determine the correct reasoning, no interpretation would be better than any other. Each side argued in this sort of way in favor of their criteria, but as the Pyrrhonian could have pointed out in advance, the argument could not be settled because it is another instance of the problem of the criterion.

It was in this environment that the works of Sextus and others were re-discovered in Europe.
the most important anti-skeptical philosopher was René Descartes. He was concerned not with religous issues, but with the justification of the kind of scientific claims epitomized by the work of Galileo.
Michel de Montaigne, who attempted to turn Pyrrhonian skepticism to the service of the Catholic faith.

3Expand

roman philosopher skeptic Sextus Empiricus - Google Search

Sextus Empiricus advises that we should suspend judgment about virtually all beliefs, that is, we should neither affirm any belief as true nor deny any belief as false. This view is known as Pyrrhonian skepticism, as distinguished from Academic skepticism, as practised by Carneades, which, according to Sextus, denies knowledge altogether. Sextus did not deny the possibility of knowledge. He criticizes the Academic skeptic's claim that nothing is knowable as being an affirmative belief. Instead, Sextus advocates simply giving up belief: that is, suspending judgment about whether or not anything is knowable.[2] Only by suspending judgment can we attain a state of ataraxia (roughly, 'peace of mind'). Sextus did not think such a general suspension of judgment to be impractical, since we may live without any beliefs, acting by habit.

Tags: Roman, philosophy, sextus empiricus, skeptic on 2008-01-26 -All Annotations (0) -About

in list: Doubt - Spirituality, gmail

more fromwww.google.com