collaboration, sharing_economy - Howard Rheingold on Diigo

26 Feb 10

Peer-to-Peer Governance, Production And Property: P2P As A Way Of Living - Part 1 - Robin Good's Latest News

Markets may be changing from a logic of pure capitalism (making commodities for exchange, so as to increase capital), to logics where the logic of exchange is subsumed to the logic of partnership.

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pmca collaboration commons sharing_economy

Peer to peer social processes are bottom-up processes whereby agents in a distributed network can freely engage in common pursuits, without external coercion.

It is important to realize that distributed systems differ from decentralized systems, essentially because in the latter, the hubs are obligatory, while in the former, they are the result of voluntary choices
Distributed networks do have constraints, internal coercion, that are the conditions for the group to operate, and they may be embedded in the technical infrastructure, the social norms, or legal rules.

Despite these caveats, we have here a remarkable social dynamic, which is based both on voluntary participation in the creation of common goods, which are made universally available to all.

25 Feb 10

Mind Mob » Kluster: Crowdsourcing Design

A site just went live today, that aims to do for product design what Wikipedia did for encyclopedia authoring. Kluster is a platform for crowdsourcing, which means harnessing the collective creativity of an online community to co-design something.

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sharing_economy pmca crowdsource collective_intelligence collaboration

A site just went live today, that aims to do for product design what Wikipedia did for encyclopedia authoring. Kluster is a platform for crowdsourcing, which means harnessing the collective creativity of an online community to co-design something.
Kluster reads like a potent combination of community technologies for online collaboration — prediction markets, community currency, user-generated content, social filtering — and applies it to an area very close to my heart: design.
4 more annotations...
- The problem is, the Web is still talk-centered, despite rich multi-media support.
- Good design starts with ethnographic research methods — needfinding, as designers say — which take time and effort (away from computer screen) talking to real human beings in order to understand their worldviews, their culturally-specific meanings, their unmet needs.
- Thomas Maiorana, an accomplished human-centered designer and crowdsourcing maven blogs about how to combine the best of both worlds in his Six Steps to Effective Crowdsourcing. Highly recommended.
- Let me be clear: I am a huge believer in the potential for democratized design, and I see Kluster as a wonderful first prototype. But there’s a real danger that lies dormant in this field, especially when combined with the democratization of material manufacturing. When products are designed and manufactured merely on the basis of sounding cool — we’ll end up with even more mountains of landfill than we have already, because no one actually needed the stuff in the first place.

The Science Behind Foldit | Foldit

Foldit is a revolutionary new computer game enabling you to contribute to important scientific research. This page describes the science behind Foldit and how your playing can help.
Page Contents:
What is protein folding?
Why is this game important?

fold.it/science - Preview

collaboration smartmobs crowdsource cooperation sharing_economy

Foldit is a revolutionary new computer game enabling you to contribute to important scientific research. This page describes the science behind Foldit and how your playing can help.

MediaShift . Can Crowdfunding Help Save the Journalism Business? | PBS

Bands do it. Filmmakers do it. President-elect Barack Obama made an artform out of it. "It" is crowdfunding, getting micro-donations through the Internet to help fund a venture. The question is whether crowdfunding can work on a larger scale to help fund

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collaboration sharing_economy comm217

Bands do it. Filmmakers do it. President-elect Barack Obama made an artform out of it. "It" is crowdfunding, getting micro-donations through the Internet to help fund a venture. The question is whether crowdfunding can work on a larger scale to help fund traditional journalism, which is being hit by the twin storms of readership and ad declines at newspapers and the economic recession.
1. Anyone can come up with a "Tip" or story idea they'd like to see covered. People can "pledge" money toward that story.

2. Freelance journalists can sign up to cover those story ideas or pitch their own stories, attaching a cost to writing the story.

3. Once a story has a journalist attached to it, people can donate money to help fund it (but no one can give more than 20% of the total cost of the story).

4. When the story has full funding, the journalist writes the story, and a fact-checker is paid 10% of the funding to edit and check it.

5. Before the story is posted, news organizations have a chance to get exclusive rights to the story by paying the full cost, which is given back to the donors. Otherwise, the story is posted online and any news organization can run the story for free.

17 Feb 10

Innovation in the Age of Mass Collaboration

Innovation in the Age of Mass Collaboration The co-authors of the recent bestseller Wikinomics explain how businesses across the board can spur innovation by going Wiki

www.businessweek.com/...id20070201_774736.htm - Preview

wiki innovation collaboration cooperation sharing_economy

McEwen did something unheard of in his industry: He published his geological data on the Web for all to see and challenged the world to do the prospecting. The "Goldcorp Challenge" made a total of $575,000 in prize money available to participants who submitted the best methods and estimates.
Mining is one of the world's oldest industries, and it's governed by some pretty conventional thinking. Take Industry Rule No. 1: Don't share your proprietary data. The fact that McEwen went open-source was a stunning gamble. And even McEwen was surprised by how handsomely the gamble paid off.

14 Jan 10

» A semantic grid for virtual collaboration | Emerging Technology Trends | ZDNet.com

The InteliGrid European project, which started a year ago, wants to deliver the full potential of grid computing by building an intelligent network aware of all its components. This 'smart grid' approach is intended to suit the needs of complex industries

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cooperation collaboration smartmobs sharing_economy

The InteliGrid European project, which started a year ago, wants to deliver the full potential of grid computing by building an intelligent network aware of all its components. This ’smart grid’ approach is intended to suit the needs of complex industries, such as aerospace, shipbuilding or construction, where a large number of partners need to collaborate to solve a single problem. One of the requirements for this grid project is ‘data comprehension.’ In other words, the computers on the grid must learn to ‘know’ what data ‘means.’ And the promoters of the project think that they’re on a successful path to help to build safer airplanes, buildings or bridges.

Journal of Larry Sanger (936381)

the law should be written in such a way as to make it possible for free, collaborative works to survive, because society will greatly benefit from them.

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sharing_economy digital_journalism collaboration cooperation

"Open source software" and "open content" might sound like
tech-head buzzwords today, but as free works become increasingly usable, they could
pose a threat to the profits of some commercial software developers, as well as
publishers. Linux has developed from something that only the geekiest of geeks
could love, to an actually usable operating system--usable if only by "power
users"--and, with further development, it could become a serious competitor of
Windows and Macintosh operating systems. Linux is already running many Internet
servers. Moreover, there are, for all platforms, free word processors,
spreadsheets, graphics programs, media players, and many more kinds of
software. The best of these are usable, but occasionally "clunky," and (opinions
vary) usually decidedly inferior to the best of the popular commercial
products. But this could change, and there is some reason to think that it
will change.
it is hard to see what advantages Encyclopaedia Britannica,
Microsoft's Encarta, and other proprietary encyclopedias might have over
Wikipedia.
14 more annotations...
- A need and motivation similar to what led to the creation of
  Wikipedia is bound to lead to many free textbooks. Already, virtually all of
  the major (public domain) classics are available online, and these free copies are
  starting to be used in coursework.
- In short, whatever people can work on together over
  the Internet and release under a free license, the results of that
  collaborative work may very well, in coming years, be developed to the point
  where it will pose a threat to the profits of entities that develop similar
  work under the old proprietary model. Publishers and software manufacturers
  clearly have something to worry about from the "free stuff" movement, I and
  many others think.
- What I want to address is a more obviously difficult, and
  interesting, sort of case. I mean the sort of case in which free works are
  developed in a strongly collaborative way--i.e., there is no single
  copyright holder, the project lacks a central, controlling authority, and there
  is no "endpoint" at which the project is considered complete. I will call such
  work shopwork (a neologism I will discuss more carefully below).
- I. What is shopwork?
  Shopwork, briefly, stands for any strongly
  collaborative, open source/open content work. The name is a portmanteau
  constructed from "shared open work"; the name arguably has
  the advantages of suggesting collaboration in both the original meaning of
  "shopwork" (which implies something constructed or fixed in a shop, perhaps by
  several workers together) and, with its parts reversed, "workshop" (which
  implies participatory learning).
  So a shopwork has at least two essential features:
  (1)it is free, or open source/open content; (2)it is "strongly"
  collaborative. In this section of the paper, I
  will elaborate on each point.
- Shopwork is free. First, there is much jargon and many buzzwords
  describing a family of related, overlapping concepts, all having to do with guaranteeing
  that software and content of various sorts remains "free," in various ways: open
  source, open content, free software, copyleft, open access, freeware, and Creative
  Commons, as well as good old public domain.
- Shopwork is "strongly"
  collaborative. Secondly, works can
  be "collaborative" in various ways. At a minimum, shopwork has multiple
  authors; if a work has a single creator, it is not, or not yet, shopwork. Moreover,
  these authors do not contribute bits and pieces which are then stitched together,
  as with patchwork quilts, anthologies, or many reports written by committee;
  instead, every aspect of any work contributed is open to revision by the other
  contributors. These two features, multiple authorship and joint editorship,
  make shopwork collaborative. A third feature makes shopwork strongly
  collaborative: it is developed not just by multiple authors, but a constantly
  changing battery of authors, including even, perhaps, some anonymous authors.
- II. Why Shopwork Per Se Should
  Be Protected by the Law
  I will now argue that at
  least some shopworks are, precisely in virtue of their being both free and
  collaborative, potentially of considerable benefit to society. Hence, it is in
  society's interest to protect shopwork as a new sort of institution, for,
  without it, some such benefits could not, or not as easily, be obtained.
- The other point mentioned above is that, because a shopwork
  has, potentially at least, a changeable body of collaborators, many shopworks,
  especially autonomous ones, are perpetual; they have no set endpoint. Unlike
  most textbooks, for example, the editions do not necessarily end when the
  author dies. When a constantly-changing collaborative body develops a work,
  new editions can appear for as long as there are willing personnel. The
  situation is more similar to that with Encyclopaedia Britannica, a
  venerable institution, the rights to which have passed from owner to willing
  owner for many years. But unlike the case of the Britannica, if the
  particular organization controlling a free work were simply to cease to exist,
  or to lose interest in developing the project, that would not mean that all
  project development would also, necessarily, have to end as well. As long as other
  people can be found to make useful developments to a shopwork, it can live on
  long past the lifetimes of its founders. This is what I mean when I say that
  shopworks are perpetual.
- Being potentially, at least, autonomous and perpetual, it
  follows, I think, that successful shopworks are natural institutions, in
  two senses.
  First, we may anticipate that, probably, some of the projects
  that develop shopworks will become institutions. Perhaps the Free Software
  Foundation and the Wikimedia Foundation will develop into institutions in this
  sense.
- But, second, one will be able to speak of the results,
  the shopworks themselves, as institutions as well. A shopwork that develops in
  enough depth to inspire many forks, or versions, is probably going to stick
  around for a while; lacking any essential ties to any particular organization,
  its autonomy ensures that it can last as long as we want it to last, and the fact
  that it is developed by a strong collaboration ensures that it can outlast any particular
  person or set of people. So shopworks will probably become institutions in
  about the same sense that one can speak of law, scientific practice, and marriage
  as institutions, independently of court systems, research institutions, and particular
  marriages.
- Now back to the philosophical argument. Suppose the above
  suggestions are roughly correct. That is, suppose that successful, useful
  shopworks will very probably develop into institutions. As such, what benefits
  they offer are magnified. But, moreover, such institutions might well become
  competitive with proprietary products in terms of both cost and personnel (and
  hence, quality). Finally, recall that their institutional nature is a function
  of their being both free and collaborative--which is to say, of their being
  shopworks. Considering these potential benefits, and that they stem from the
  very nature of shopwork, we may conclude on utilitarian grounds that society,
  and particularly the law, should see to it that shopwork is made possible and
  that shopwork institutions are protected. We may advance a Shopwork Protection
  Rule:
  Laws should be
  written so as to be consistent with the existence of works that are free as
  well as strongly collaborative in the above-defined senses.
- First objection: shopwork is too open to abuse. One
  might object that, precisely because shopwork is both free and strongly
  collaborative, it is open to various kinds of abuse; and the only adequate
  relief is to reduce the degree of freedom or the strength of the collaboration.
- Second objection: shopwork is hostile to private
  enterprise. A second objection can be explained and dealt with more briefly.
  The institution of shopwork might tend to undermine certain kinds of private
  enterprise, namely, software, encyclopedia and textbook publishing, and perhaps
  others; that is part of my own argument, above. But private enterprise is very
  efficient at and very important for producing goods at low prices. So it
  should be protected.
- hird objection: there are no shopwork "institutions"
  yet. An objection aimed specifically at the argument of section II above
  states that if a given free collaborative work is not useful or does not
  constitute an institution yet, one cannot argue that it should be
  protected, at least not on grounds of my argument. After all, a significant
  aspect of my argument was precisely that the institutional nature of
  shopwork magnifies the societal benefit of shopwork projects.

13 Jan 10

Irving Wladawsky-Berger: Building Open, Collaborative Health Care and Education Platforms

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collaboration cooperation sharing_economy geoweb

I wrote in a recent blog that "the Internet showed everybody how much more valuable IT is when you can connect and access everything regardless of vendor, and started the IT industry on a whole new strategy based on embracing open standards." The Internet enabled IT to become an open, global platform for innovation, in particular a platform for open, global, collaborative innovation.

But IT is just a means, not an end. What we are really after is leveraging the Internet -- and the collaborative IT platforms it has enabled -- to innovate "up the stack," in particular to help us address some of the most important problems facing society. And, no problems are more important and more in need of help than those surrounding healthcare and education, as was pointed out in two very important recent reports.
In health care, the Technology CEO Council issued a new report titled "A Healthy System." The report concluded that "If there's one thing that everyone agrees on about the U.S. health care system, it's that it isn't, in fact, a system," and that "the sad truth is that in health care today the whole is much less than the sum of its parts." The report went on to say, "We will never fix this problem simply by tinkering with its parts. As a practical matter, and as a moral imperative, we have to address the systemic problems of health care. And the most glaring - and promising - is health care's shocking lack of modern, networked information technology (IT), and the lost quality and efficiency that result."

In education, the National Academies issued a major report that also came out earlier this month and calls for a comprehensive federal effort to bolster U.S. competitiveness in the increasingly global economy of the 21st century. The report offers concrete recommendations in K - 12 and higher education, as well as in research and economic policy where it calls for a federal program to ensure ubiquitous, affordable broadband Internet access.
"That capability will do as much to drive innovation, the economy, and job creation in the 21st century as did access to the telephone, interstate highways, and air travel in the 20th century," the report went on to say.
1 more annotations...
- Leveraging IT to build open health care and education platforms for innovation is really hard, because to a greater or lesser degree, there are no agreed upon open standards for connecting people, processes and information in either area. This is not surprising since, until we had the IT infrastructure to build on, integrating business processes, information and people was largely a labor-intensive, ad-hoc task. Only in the last few years have advances like the Internet, the emergence of software standards like Service Oriented Architectures and OpenDocument formats, as well as the explosive use of IT across just about all aspects of industry provided the impetus necessary to develop open, integrated, industry platforms.

Networking: A Special Section - New York Times

Companies are drawing on collaborative models that first blossomed in nonbusiness settings, from online games to open-source software projects to the so-called wiki encyclopedias and blogs to speed up innovation. This networked collaboration is creating n

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technology collaboration sharing_economy cooperation

TO glimpse the real effect of today's computer networks, it helps to travel far beyond the high-tech hothouse of Silicon Valley, away from the venture capitalists, inventors and billionaire-wannabe entrepreneurs. To go where Google is just a search engine, not an obsession.

Try Elkhart, Ind., home to Nibco Inc., a century-old maker and distributor of plumbing supplies. A private company, Nibco employs 3,000 workers and generates $500 million a year in sales. It faces stiff competition from Chinese producers.

Since the late 1990's, Nibco has pushed hard to increase productivity and improve customer service by using computer networks. The company first focused on its own operations, then established network links to its customers and suppliers. Now, Nibco's inventory, labor and administrative costs are down sharply, and 70 percent of all orders are digitally automated, twice the level of a few years ago.
The second round of Internet innovation appears to be here. Companies large and small experienced soaring productivity in the 90's as the Web made worlds of information available at the click of a mouse, and the Internet drastically reduced the cost of communicating and doing business with someone on the next floor or the next continent. That cost-cutting payoff continues to spread. But in the next wave, companies are embracing the potential of networked computing to let workers share their knowledge more efficiently as they nurture new ideas, new products and new ways to digitally automate all sorts of tasks.
3 more annotations...
- Open-source software is a pioneering example of the kind of collaborative work made possible by the Internet. Networks of far-flung programmers share code and ideas to constantly improve and debug their software. So the open-source Linux operating system is challenging Microsoft's Windows, a product backed by one of the world's richest corporations.
- The open-source formula is being applied in one field after another. Projects range from Wikipedia, an open-source encyclopedia, to Biological Innovation for Open Society, or BIOS, an open-source initiative in biotechnology. Corporations are rapidly adopting software tools intended to nurture collaborative work, including wikis, blogs, instant messaging, Web-based conferencing and peer-to-peer programs.
- For Mark Dickinson, a technical manager at the XRT Group, a software company, the payoff from using Web collaboration software is self-evident. With Microsoft's Live Meeting program, Mr. Dickinson can provide technical support to the large corporations that use XRT's cash management software without traveling from his office in King of Prussia, Pa. He can see what is on the computer screen in customers' data centers, tell them what setting may be wrong, walk them through software upgrades - even, with permission, take control of their computers and make changes himself.
  
  In his job, Mr. Dickinson uses the Web collaboration tool three or four times a day. "I can spend a few hours on a Web conference instead of spending three days, including the travel time, for an on-site visit to a client," he said. "The productivity benefit is just obvious. Besides, I hate flying."

12 Jan 10

Open Source Science: A New Model for Innovation — HBS Working Knowledge

Is there a model for encouraging large-scale scientific problem solving? Yes, and it comes from an unexpected and unrelated corner of the universe: open source software development.

hbswk.hbs.edu/5544.html - Preview

collaboration cooperation innovation collective_intelligence knowledge sharing_economy

That's the view of Karim R. Lakhani, an assistant professor at Harvard Business School with an extensive research background in open source software communities and their innovation and product development strategies. His latest research analyzes how open source norms of transparency, permeable access, and collaboration might work with scientists.
What he and his coauthors discovered: "broadcasting" or introducing problems to outsiders yields effective solutions. Indeed, it was outsiders—those with expertise at the periphery of a problem's field—who were most likely to find answers and do so quickly.
5 more annotations...
- The study and its findings are described in his paper "The Value of Openness in Scientific Problem Solving," coauthored with Lars Bo Jeppesen, Peter A. Lohse, and Jill A. Panetta. It describes how broadcast search was used with 166 distinct scientific problems from the research laboratories of twenty-six firms from ten countries over a four-and-a-half year period. Problems involved everything from biotech to consumer products and agrochemicals.
- Q: What are the risks of opening problems to outsiders?
  
  A: For firms, the first order risk is the loss of intellectual property, especially if you think about the fact that most firms and scientists believe that the problems they work on are actually their most important things. If you provide hints to competitors, it will reveal a lot of your strategy.
- Q: I found it amazing in your research that outsiders were most likely to find a solution.
  
  A: Yes. The problem may reside in one domain of expertise and the solution may reside in another. I've done interviews with scientists who participated by posting problems for broadcast, and most of these scientists were highly skeptical about this method because they considered themselves to be at the top of their discipline. However, they had never thought about the possibility of scientists in other disciplines looking at their problem, reconceptualizing it, and coming up with a solution that could be off-the-shelf. So when they actually see solutions from this type of method, they're blown away.
- n a four-week period of time, over 574 scientists investigated the problem statement and forty-two of them submitted potential solutions for considerations. The winning solution was proposed by a scientist from Finland who did not work in this field. The solution involved the novel application of an existing methodology to the problem at hand. Besides solving the problem, the solution information opened up a new knowledge domain for future investigations and resulted in a valuable patent for the firm. This case example illustrates how the disclosure and wide dispersion of scientific problem information allows R&D organizations to access a broader range of scientific knowledge, and can help accelerate internal and proprietary research efforts.
- Q: In open source, the solvers' names become known, right?
  
  A: Yes, so reputation matters, use value matters, and so forth. I have conducted a study about motivations in open source communities. People talked about feeling part of a community and being intellectually challenged. In fact, the strongest correlate between time spent on a project and other factors was how a person assessed the creativity in the project. One of the questions we asked open source people was, "Imagine a time in your life when you felt the most creative, and rate this project's creativity with that experience."

Ross Mayfield's Weblog: CTC Keynote: Thomas Malone

Tom Malone on sharing economy issues: From "command and control" to "coordinate and cultivate." *Paradox of standards: sometimes rigid standards in one part of the organization can enable much more flexibility and decentralization in other parts of the

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sharing_economy collaboration

What makes me believe this will become more common? This is the next logical step in the common pattern in the evolution of human organizations. Societies organized first as Bands (Decentralized, Unconnected), then Kingdoms (Centralized), then Democracies (Decentralized, Connected). What explains this change? A lot of factors involved, but communication costs is the most explanatory factor. Writing let us have larger groups across larger areas. But not everyone can make decisions, so they centralized. For Democracy to make sense, citizens need enough information to vote sensibly (*we are still working on this part, IMHO*). The printing press and widespread literacy let democracy flourish.
What can I catually do? The answer is as simple as it is disconcerting: we can, each of us, work to put our own inner house in order. The guidance we need for this work cannot be found in science or technology... but it can still be found in the tradtional wisdom of mankind.

-- E.F. Schumacher, Small is Beautiful, 1973.

Irving Wladawsky-Berger: The Economic and Social Foundations of Collaborative Innovation

Ever since the Internet hit the mainstream in the mid 1990s, we have seen more and more innovation coming from people working together in open communities, something we have been calling Collaborative Innovation.

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collaboration cooperation sharing_economy

rofessor Benkler is essentially saying that collaborative innovation is a serious mode of economic production that has arisen because the Internet and related technologies and standards now permit large numbers of individuals to organize themselves for productive work, in a decentralized, non-market way. A similar argument has been made by Steven Weber, Professor of Political Sciences at UC Berkeley and Director of Berkeley's Institute of International Studies, in his writings, and in particular in his recently published book The Success of Open Source.
rofessors Benkler and Weber address the questions of what motivates people to work together as a community for the common good with no direct fiscal gain, as well as how such communities organize and manage themselves. They also point out, though, that these new, collective approaches do create wealth, do create value, and are, in fact, viable business models that can coexist in a fruitful economic way with more traditional business models. We don't yet know all the ways in which this new, dual-track marketplace is going to evolve -- any more than people in the 18th century could foresee the full future impact of industrialization. But I think we have enough evidence already to say with some confidence that open approaches are not a flash in the pan or a flavor of the month.

23 Jun 09

Before and After Shots of Google's Iran Maps - O'Reilly Radar

There many places in the world where it is not possible for larger companies to map them. These can be for economic reasons as is the case for Black Rock City (the temporary 40,000 person home for Burning Man). Or for political reasons as is the case for Iran and countries such as China.
As I mentioned the other day Google greatly improved their map coverage of Iran via user contributions through their Mapmaker program. These user contributions were applied just a few weeks ago. Here are before and after screenshots of two Iranian cities. The before shot was taken on September 22, 2008; the after shots were taken on May 18, 2009.

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smartmobs mapping cooperation collaboration collective_intelligence sharing_economy

16 Jun 09

Category:Governance - P2P Foundation

This section covers both 1) the organizational microscale formats or methods used to govern peer production, FLOSS, and other non-coercive methods of governance; 2) the evolution on a macro-scale towards the dominance of collaborative networks

This section is maintained by Michel Bauwens and adheres to Connective Hypothesis, i.e. The key organizing pattern of our global culture is shifting from a top-down hierarchical pyramid to a distributed, self-organizing network. [1]

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wiki sharing_economy networks collaboration

22 Feb 09

Yochai Benkler on the new open-source economics | Video on TED.com

TED video: Yochai Benkler explains how collaborative projects like Wikipedia and Linux represent the next stage of human organization.

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sharing_economy video cooperation collaboration

Yochai Benkler explains how collaborative projects like Wikipedia and Linux represent the next stage of human organization.

10 Jul 07

Conversation Hub » Video: Clay Shirky on Love, Internet Style

Using a 1300-year-old Japanese shrine as a metaphor, Clay explained how the New Network changes the basic dynamics of business and collective creativity. video

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collaboration community cooperation creativity web2.0 sharing_economy

09 Jul 07

Buy and sell new, creative ideas, innovations, and inventions; seek solutions; solve problems.

Internet's premier Collaborative Problem Solving and Idea Exchange website. Use this service to Solve Problems or Seek Solutions. You can also buy, sell or license inventions, innovations, new products, ideas and patents.

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collaboration sharing_economy

06 Jul 07

About:About - Shareideas

ShareIdeas.org is an online community and a wiki for sharing ideas on how to use mobile communications for social and environmental benefits.

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collaboration innovation mobile mobile_devices sharing_economy smartmobs

21 Jun 07

Clay Shirky's lovefest

Perl is like the temple, Clay. It continues because the people doing it love Perl enough to stop what they're doing and help one another. Tools 4 coordinating and talking — simple things like mailing lists — turn love into a renewable building materi

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sharing_economy cooperation pmca collaboration smartmobs media

22 May 07

Luis von Ahn's Research

Most of my time is spent inventing novel techniques for utilizing the computational abilities (or "cycles") of humans.

One family of techniques is CAPTCHA,

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collaboration collective_intelligence sharing_economy

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