L. Xie's Profile

decoupling of the traditional linkages between territorial integrity and security.

low entry costs to engage in offensive strategies in cyber-space

inimical economic strategies pursued by adversarial or even allied states

the military activities of hostile nations

Threats can come from many sources

the activities of terrorist groups intent on inflicting harm on society in order to achieve political objectives

transnational criminal organizations pursuing the acquisition of large profits through illegal activities, violence, and corruption

and groups (including any of those just mentioned) and individuals with the ability and desire to distort, disrupt, degrade or destroy information and communications systems.

Obtaining prior knowledge of both threats and vulnerabilities – as well as sensitivity to possible opportunities to exploit the vulnerabilities - is essential.

rom the specific to the general,

from short-term incidents and operations to long term patterns and challenges

Strategic analysis is perhaps the most important form of intelligence.

an overall assessment from the top down rather than from the bottom up

resource allocation.

policy formulation,

strategic planning

macro-level issues rather than the more detailed levels of analysis

Overall threat assessments

Sector threat assessments

Trend Analysis to highlight changing threats and vulnerabilities

Potential Damage Assessments

Categorizing and differentiating attacks and attackers

Identification of Anomalies

Analysis of Future Net Environments

linking element

Cluster and pattern analysis designed to discern temporal patterns

profiles of perpetrators

Stimulus-response analysis

identify potential actions

Network environmental analysis

single-case oriented

nformation privacy, integrity and availability