when a human is infected by a parasite that is drawing heavily on nutrients in the human, such as a blood parasite, it is difficult to determine whether the individual died from malnutrition or from the parasitic infection
air, water, or soil pollutants or other stresses that affect humans and other species in the ecosystem add to the complexity of the situation.
Rapidly expanding human populations and widespread environmental degradation contribute to expanded world disease problems
provide the ideal
Crowded conditions
Black Death, cholera, tuberculosis (TB), and HIV are essentially problems of dense urban populations
environment for the culture and spread of old diseases, such as cholera and TB
newly emerging diseases, such as HIV
infectious diseases cause approximately 37% of all deaths worldwide
40% of world deaths
attributed to various environmental factors, especially organic and chemical pollutants
3 billion humans suffer from malnutrition
4 million infants and children die each year from diarrhea, which is caused largely by contaminated water and food